Time Period nominal interest rate percent Expected Inflation (Percent) Actual Inflation (Percent) Expected Real Interest Rate Actual Real Interest Rate Before increase in MS 10 2 2 Immediately after increase in MS 10 2 5 Suppose the nominal interest rate on savings accounts is 10% per year, and both actual and expected inflation are equal to 2%. The unanticipated change in inflation arbitrarily harms ______________. Now consider the long-run impact of the change in money growth and inflation. According to the Fisher effect, as expectations adjust to the new, higher inflation rate, the nominal interest rate will ______________ to per year.

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Time Period nominal interest rate percent
Expected Inflation (Percent)
Actual Inflation (Percent) Expected Real Interest Rate Actual Real Interest Rate
Before increase in MS 10 2 2    
Immediately after increase in MS 10 2 5    

Suppose the nominal interest rate on savings accounts is 10% per year, and both actual and expected inflation are equal to 2%.

The unanticipated change in inflation arbitrarily harms ______________.
 
Now consider the long-run impact of the change in money growth and inflation. According to the Fisher effect, as expectations adjust to the new, higher inflation rate, the nominal interest rate will ______________ to
per year.
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