the positive solutions of the rational difference equation aSn-q+bSn-r+cSn-s Sn+1 = Sn-pdSn-q + eSn-r+fSn-s/ where a, b, c, d, e, f € (0, ∞). The initial conditions S-p, S-p+1,...,S_q, S-q+1,...,S_r, S-r+1,...,S-s,...,S-s+1,...,S-1 and So are arbitrary positive real numbers such that p>q>r>s ≥ 0. (1)

Algebra & Trigonometry with Analytic Geometry
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Chapter4: Polynomial And Rational Functions
Section4.6: Variation
Problem 10E
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find the oscillation of the difference equation to the determine red in same way of the determine yellow

In this paper, the global asymptotic behavior and the periodic character of solutions of
the rational difference equation
axn-1
Xn+1 =
n = 0,1,2,...,
(1.3)
ß+ yITx
i=*n-2i
where the parameters a, ß, y, pi, Pl+1,...pk are nonnegative real numbers, I, k are nonnegative
integers such that I< k, and the initial conditions x-2k,x-2k+1,...,xo are arbitrary nonnegative
real numbers such that
3. A General Oscillation Result
1/2Pi
The change of variables x, = (B/y)"
reduces (1.3) to the difference equation
ryn-1
Pi
n = 0,1,2,...,
(3.1)
Yn+1 =
1+ IIYn-2i
a/ß > 0.
Note that y, = 0 is always an equilibrium point. When r > 1, (3.1) also possesses the
unique positive equilibrium ỹ, = (r – 1)'/P.
where r =
%3D
1/Ek
Theorem B (see [8]). Assume that F E C([0, c0)2k+1
arguments, and nondecreasing in the even arguments. Let x be an equilibrium point of the difference
equation
[0, 00)) is nonincreasing in the odd
Xn+1 =
F(xп, Хр-1,, хр-2к), п%3D0,1,2,...,
(3.2)
and let {xn} 2k be a solution of (3.2) such that either
n=-2k
X-2k, X-2k+2,...,xo 2 x,
X-2k+1, X-2k+3,...,X-1 < x,
(3.3)
or
X-2k, X-2k+2,...,xo < x,
X-2k+1, X_2k+3,...,x-1 2 x.
(3.4)
Then {x,}-2k oscillates about x with semicycles of length one.
Corollary 3.1. Assume that r> 1; let {yn}-2k be a solution of (3.1) such that either
Y-2k, Y-2k+2,..., Yo > y, = (r – 1)1/Pi
(3.5)
Y-2k+1, Y-2k+3, -..,y-1 < y, = (r – 1)/Pi
or
Y-2k, Y-2k+2, -.., Yo < F2 = (r – 1)'/p
(3.6)
Y-2k+1, Y-2k+3,..,
„Y-1 2 F2 = (r – 1)/P.
%3D
Then {yn}-2k Oscillates about the positive equilibrium point y, = (r – 1)'/2Pi with semicycles of
length one.
n=-2k
Proof. The proof follows immediately from Theorem B.
[7] A. M. Ahmed, H. M. El-Owaidy, A. E. Hamza, and A. M. Youssef, "On the recursive sequence xp+1 =
(a + bxn-1)/(A+ Bx)," Journal of Applied Mathematics & Informatics, vol. 27, no. 1-2, pp. 275-289, 2009.
[8] Alaa. E. Hamza and R. Khalaf-Allah, "Global behavior of a higher order difference equation," Journal
of Mathematics and Statistics, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 17-20, 2007.
[9] E. M. Elabbasy and E. M. Elsayed, "Global attractivity and periodic nature of a difference equation,"
World Applied Sciences Journal, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 39-47, 2011.
Transcribed Image Text:In this paper, the global asymptotic behavior and the periodic character of solutions of the rational difference equation axn-1 Xn+1 = n = 0,1,2,..., (1.3) ß+ yITx i=*n-2i where the parameters a, ß, y, pi, Pl+1,...pk are nonnegative real numbers, I, k are nonnegative integers such that I< k, and the initial conditions x-2k,x-2k+1,...,xo are arbitrary nonnegative real numbers such that 3. A General Oscillation Result 1/2Pi The change of variables x, = (B/y)" reduces (1.3) to the difference equation ryn-1 Pi n = 0,1,2,..., (3.1) Yn+1 = 1+ IIYn-2i a/ß > 0. Note that y, = 0 is always an equilibrium point. When r > 1, (3.1) also possesses the unique positive equilibrium ỹ, = (r – 1)'/P. where r = %3D 1/Ek Theorem B (see [8]). Assume that F E C([0, c0)2k+1 arguments, and nondecreasing in the even arguments. Let x be an equilibrium point of the difference equation [0, 00)) is nonincreasing in the odd Xn+1 = F(xп, Хр-1,, хр-2к), п%3D0,1,2,..., (3.2) and let {xn} 2k be a solution of (3.2) such that either n=-2k X-2k, X-2k+2,...,xo 2 x, X-2k+1, X-2k+3,...,X-1 < x, (3.3) or X-2k, X-2k+2,...,xo < x, X-2k+1, X_2k+3,...,x-1 2 x. (3.4) Then {x,}-2k oscillates about x with semicycles of length one. Corollary 3.1. Assume that r> 1; let {yn}-2k be a solution of (3.1) such that either Y-2k, Y-2k+2,..., Yo > y, = (r – 1)1/Pi (3.5) Y-2k+1, Y-2k+3, -..,y-1 < y, = (r – 1)/Pi or Y-2k, Y-2k+2, -.., Yo < F2 = (r – 1)'/p (3.6) Y-2k+1, Y-2k+3,.., „Y-1 2 F2 = (r – 1)/P. %3D Then {yn}-2k Oscillates about the positive equilibrium point y, = (r – 1)'/2Pi with semicycles of length one. n=-2k Proof. The proof follows immediately from Theorem B. [7] A. M. Ahmed, H. M. El-Owaidy, A. E. Hamza, and A. M. Youssef, "On the recursive sequence xp+1 = (a + bxn-1)/(A+ Bx)," Journal of Applied Mathematics & Informatics, vol. 27, no. 1-2, pp. 275-289, 2009. [8] Alaa. E. Hamza and R. Khalaf-Allah, "Global behavior of a higher order difference equation," Journal of Mathematics and Statistics, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 17-20, 2007. [9] E. M. Elabbasy and E. M. Elsayed, "Global attractivity and periodic nature of a difference equation," World Applied Sciences Journal, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 39-47, 2011.
the positive solutions of the rational difference equation
aSn-q + bSn-r + cSn-s
dSn-q+ eSn-r + f Sn-s ,
(1)
Sn+1 = Sn-p
where a, b, c, d, e, ƒ € (0, ∞). The initial conditions S-p, S-p+1,...,S-q, S-q+1,...,S-r,
S-r+1,...,S-s,..,S_s+1,..,S_1 and So are arbitrary positive real numbers such that
p > q > r > s > 0.
+b-
Transcribed Image Text:the positive solutions of the rational difference equation aSn-q + bSn-r + cSn-s dSn-q+ eSn-r + f Sn-s , (1) Sn+1 = Sn-p where a, b, c, d, e, ƒ € (0, ∞). The initial conditions S-p, S-p+1,...,S-q, S-q+1,...,S-r, S-r+1,...,S-s,..,S_s+1,..,S_1 and So are arbitrary positive real numbers such that p > q > r > s > 0. +b-
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