The motor unit firing patterns are measured in a human hand muscle using an electromyography (EMG) recording. Which one of the following statements is the best description of the EMG pattern observed as the individual voluntarily attempts to make a low-level force of contraction in the muscle and steadily increases the force of contraction? Low amplitude spikes visible on the EMG trace at low force. Larger amplitude spikes become visible with increasing force of contraction. Low frequency of small amplitude spikes on the EMG trace at low force. Spike frequency and amplitude increase with increasing force. A large single deflection in the trace as the individual contracts the muscle. The deflection gets larger with increasing force. Low frequency of spikes on the EMG trace at low force. The frequency of

The motor unit firing patterns are measured in a human hand muscle using an electromyography (EMG) recording. Which one of the following statements is the best description of the EMG pattern observed as the individual voluntarily attempts to make a low-level force of contraction in the muscle and steadily increases the force of contraction? Low amplitude spikes visible on the EMG trace at low force. Larger amplitude spikes become visible with increasing force of contraction. Low frequency of small amplitude spikes on the EMG trace at low force. Spike frequency and amplitude increase with increasing force. A large single deflection in the trace as the individual contracts the muscle. The deflection gets larger with increasing force. Low frequency of spikes on the EMG trace at low force. The frequency of

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter8: Muscle Physiology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2SQE

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The following is an oscilloscope tracing displaying the muscle twitch of an intact, viable frog skeletal muscle. The muscle was stimulated via electrodes placed on the muscle at time zero. Which of the following most closely estimates the length of the latent period of this muscle twitch? Force EV D 20 5 msec 115 msec 140 msec 25 msec 60 BD Time (msec) 100 120
The following is an oscilloscope tracing displaying the muscle twitch of an intact, viable frog skeletal muscle. The muscle was stimulated via electrodes placed on the muscle at time zero and again at 75 msec. Which of the following physiological phenomena does this demonstrate? Force 0 20 treppe fatigue fused tetanus wave summation 120 Time (msec) 2015 a 180 200
The subtractive technique that uses nerve stimulation at two points and subtracting the difference between the two recorded latencies (time from stimulation to muscle contraction) gives a more accurate estimate of motor conduction velocity than stimulating the nerve at one point and measuring the time it takes for the muscle to contract. Which of the following statements best describes the reason why the subtractive techniques is more accurate? The subtractive technique is more accurate because it takes into account the delay caused by the electrical resistance of the recording electrodes, which adds to the recorded delay. The subtractive technique is more accurate because it takes into account the delay caused by synaptic transmission from the axon terminals to the muscle fibres. The subtractive technique is more accurate because it takes into account the slower conduction speed of the small unmyelinated axon endings that slow down nerve conduction…
When utilizing microprocessor technology for testing muscle strength, you are typically looking at what form of muscle contraction? Concentric Isokinetic Isometric Eccentric
The group la afferents from intrafusal fibers are rapidly adapting and show low firing during the dynamic phase and increased firing while the stretch is maintained increased firing during the dynamic phase that is maintained while the stretch is maintained increased firing during the dynamic phase and reduced firing while stretch is maintained constant firing during the dynamic phase and while the stretch is maintained
Explain how optimal skeletal muscle force (high muscle tension) can be achieved during a high intensity exercise. (Mention and explain how wave summation, motor recruitment summation, muscle length, and type of muscle fibers activated can affect muscle force).
In an experiment, the strength of a neural stimulus and the resulting muscle contraction are compared. A single motor neuron that synapses with one muscle ﬁbre is observed in this experiment. One end of the muscle ﬁbre is attached to a mass. The following data were obtained from the experiment. Number of Trials Strength of Stimulus (mV) Mass Lifted by Muscle Contraction (g) 1 20 0 2 40 0 3 60 50 4 80 50 5 100 Not Tested 6 120 50 Is the threshold potential for this muscle fibre exactly 50 mV. Do you agree or disagree? Explain.
In the acetylcholine receptor saturation curve plotting the effect on smooth muscle contraction below, the antagonist is most likely: Agonist Alone Antagonist + More Antagonist log (Dose) an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor an inverse agonist a competitive antagonist a non-competitive antagonist Effect
What is the approximate amplitude in mV of the twitch in recording B? Be careful and note the position of the baseline! In which recording, A or B, is the amplitude of the muscle twitch measured correctly? In which recording, A,B, or C, is the time between the second two twitches measured correctly?
Muscle Contraction In an experiment, the strength of a neural stimulus and the resulting muscle contraction are compared. A single motor neuron that synapses with one muscle fibre is observed in this experiment. One end of the muscle fibre is attached to a mass. The following data were obtained from the experiment. Analyze the data and answer the following questions. Number of Trials Strength of Stimulus (mV) Mass Lifted by Muscle Contraction (g) 1 20 2 40 3 60 50 4 80 50 100 Not Tested 120 50 *note that the voltage applied is positive in order to raise potential from resting to threshold Identify the manipulated, responding and controlled variables in the experiment described above. Strength of Stimulus Number of Muscle Fibre Stimulated Mass Lifted by Muscle Contraction
When electrically stimulating a skeletal muscle and measuring the force of muscle contraction, which of the following are true? Check All That Apply Increasing the stimulus will increase the muscle contraction force. The recruitment of motor units will increase the muscle contraction force. One weak stimulus will cause an increase in muscle contraction force. Increasing the force will increase the muscle contraction stimulus. Once maximum stimulus has been reached, the muscle will not contract with increased force.
Muscle motor unit recruitment follows the pattern of the SO (I) fibers being recruited first followed by the FOG (IIa) and then ultimately by the FG (IIb) if and when workloads require this. Muscle fatigue follows the order that the FG fibers fatigue first, followed by the FOG fibers and finally (maybe never) the SO fibers. Explain how it makes sense physiologically that the last fibers to be recruited to contract are the first to fatigue, while the first fibers to be recruited to contract would be the last to fatigue.

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		Low amplitude spikes visible on the EMG trace at low force. Larger amplitude spikes become visible with increasing force of contraction.
		Low frequency of small amplitude spikes on the EMG trace at low force. Spike frequency and amplitude increase with increasing force.
		A large single deflection in the trace as the individual contracts the muscle. The deflection gets larger with increasing force.
		Low frequency of spikes on the EMG trace at low force. The frequency of spikes becomes more frequent with increasing force.