Q: How is the equisetum gametophyte similar to that of a fern?
A: Equisetum is a fern and is the only plant present in the equiseacae family and is categorized as…
Q: The role of O2 in Oxidative Phosphorylation is at the start. to move electrons in the electron…
A: Introduction : Complex organic macromolecules are broken down into simpler compounds during the…
Q: Discuss the various theories on the Gram stain.
A: The Gram stain is one of the most important tools in microbiology. It is used to classify bacteria…
Q: People with type 2 diabetes have cells that do not respond to insulin, explain the problem this…
A: Type 2 diabetes is an impairment in which body uses glucose as a fuel. Long term usage cause much…
Q: How does touch DNA demonstrate Locard's principle
A: Touch DNA is DNA obtained from biological material transferred from a donor to an object or a person…
Q: The ECG records the electrical stimulation of cardiac muscle by the conduction system and not the…
A: Introduction The thick middle layer of the cardiac is made up of cardiac muscle or myocardium.…
Q: Figure 2g. Section of the Liver (Sinusoid at LPO) 5e. Describe the type of epithelium: Figure 2h.…
A: The type of cells that line the inside and outside of various parts of the body is called epithelial…
Q: What is the preferred specimen type for lipid studies in a clinical setting?
A: Lipid profile tests are A group of blood tests done to measure the levels of various lipids and…
Q: Differentiate in tabulated form a) jejunum vs. ileum b) small intestines vs. large intestine
A: The human digestive system includes the gastrointestinal tract that helps in the process of…
Q: NADH dehydrogenase 3 gene codes for a protein in the electron transport chain. Suppose that this…
A: The function of a protein depends on their structure that also depends on several factors including…
Q: Which of the following is a reason humans commonly might become ill from waterway eutrophication? O…
A: Eutrophication The process of adding minerals into water body, whole or to some part.
Q: 13) Use the image below of the X and Y sex chromosomes of a human to answer the following question.…
A: INTRODUCTION : Chromosomes - In the nucleus of every cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into…
Q: The data in the table below was collected by researchers to investigate the oxygen concen- tration…
A: The mean is one of the measures of central tendency. Mean, median and mode are three commonly used…
Q: A 44-year-old female with a 15-year history of Type 2 diabetes presents to urgent care with an ulcer…
A: Macrophages are specialised cells involved in the detection, phagocytosis and destruction of…
Q: Serum blood of a patient with dislipoproteinemia type 1 has milky appearance even in fasting. If…
A: Dyslipoproteinemia is also known as dyslipidemia, which means the abnormal concentration of…
Q: Magaia et al. illustrated in Figure 2 the relationship of photosynthetic of temperature rate and…
A: In the presence of light, photorespiration occurs when a plant consumes oxygen and releases carbon…
Q: 8 10 Biosphere 2 was a failed experiment at creating an enclosed self-sustaining ecosystem. The…
A: Green house A artificial house created by humans to grow plant irrespective of there season.
Q: Calculate the 95% confidence interval with the data. M=30 (Total number if individuals marked in…
A: POPULATION DENSITY Number of individuals per unit area or per unit volume called population density.…
Q: 1. Living vertebrates share a set of derived characters that distinguish them from other How does…
A: Homeobox group of genes are important transcription factors that are essential for embryonic…
Q: Differentiate between somatic crossing over and meiosis crossing over.
A: In the crossing over process, parts of the chromosomes can be exchanged when two chromosomes, one…
Q: learn.edgenuity.com/player/ SC5181 A Mark this and return < : A lichen is an organism that is…
A: Introduction :- Obligate mutualism is a species-to-species connection in which each are totally…
Q: 4 PM Wed Oct 5 X ... то Q 21. If a membrane separates two solutions with different solute…
A: Introduction: As per our guidelines we are not allowed to answer more than 3 subpart at a time…
Q: describe the yeast specimens grown on PDA using Dalmau Plate Method incubated at 35°C for 48 hours…
A: S. cerevisiae S. cerevisiae also known as yeast it belongs to the kingdom fungi.
Q: 3. Which cells are most likely to be involved in this repair process?
A: Explanation: Due to their capability to self-renew and to produce many cell types, stem cells are…
Q: Tell whether if the following has true mycelia or pseudomycelia. 1. Kluyveromyces marxianus 2.…
A: Mycelium is a collection of hyphae of fungus that forms over moist surface. Unicellular fungus like…
Q: Hydrophillic is the following: O a. Water Loving or Water Attracting O b. Water Repelling O c. Polar…
A: Introduction :- An object that is attracted to water molecules and has a propensity to dissolve in…
Q: Which CK isoenzyme is elevated in muscle disease? CK-BB, CK-MB, CK-MM, CK-NN?
A: Creatine kinase (CK) is the most often utilised enzyme to identify and track muscle illness. It is…
Q: After maintenance is performed on the chemistry instrument electrolyte ISE testing, the laboratories…
A: Explanation: Option a: This option is incorrect because hyponatremia is a condition that results…
Q: What did the patient protection and affordable care act of 2010 fail to do?
A: Introduction The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 ACA:- The law provides various…
Q: 25) Which of the following statements is false about epigenetics? The environment or a behavior A)…
A: A DNA microarray is a collection of tiny DNA patches affixed to a solid surface (also known as a DNA…
Q: Forest Nursery Subject (For Forester's) Comment on vegetative structures and wildlings as planting…
A: Introduction Forest Nursery:- It is a place or an area where forest seedlings, plants, trees, and…
Q: In transcription, the termination signal is a DNA sequence that tells RNA polymerase to A stop…
A: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are nucleic acids and serve as carriers of…
Q: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a disorder caused by a recessive allele. Two carrier individuals have…
A: Phenylketonuria (commonly known as PKU) is an inherited disorder that increases the levels of a…
Q: The following describes the arrangement of the phospholipid heads within the cell membrane: Oa. One…
A: Singer and Nicolson in 1972, described the phospholipid bi-layered structure of a cell i.e., the…
Q: A. Produces somatic cells B.Genetically distinct from each other. C.Four haploid cells…
A: There are two types of cell division, such as mitosis (2n) and meiosis (n). In mitosis ,the daughter…
Q: Which of the following statements regarding trans fatty acids is FALSE? Trans fatty acids increase…
A: Lipids are the biological macromolecules and a polymer which is formed by combination of three…
Q: What does a “reducing sugar” mean? Which of the following tests is/are specific to reducing sugars?
A: A carbohydrate is a compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. The hydrogen-oxygen atom…
Q: 9. Visible light is from shorter wavelength (400nm) to longer wavelengths (750nm), which one has…
A: Light energy is one of the electromagnetic radiation like radiowaves and microwaves. The light…
Q: The Figueroa family has a genetically inherited trait called ocular albinism-lack of pigment in the…
A: Genetic disease The disease or disorder which is transferred from parents to their offsprings is…
Q: Imagine a cross between a man and a woman having the following genotypes: Genotype of the Husband…
A: Introduction A gene is consisting of a pair of alleles/ factors and can be dominant or recessive.…
Q: 24. What are the electron and hydrogen carriers between the light and dark reactions? 25. NADP+…
A: ATP The energy currency of cell produce by the process of respiration by mitochondria of the cell.
Q: Describe pinocytosis, phagocytosis and receptor mediated endocytosis.
A: Describe pinocytosis, phagocytosis and receptor mediated endocytosis.…
Q: 1. Individually, investigate the roles of endocrine glands and their secretions (hormones) in…
A: Hormone-producing glands make up the endocrine system. The body's biochemical messengers are called…
Q: 1. A homozygous dominant yellow gumamela (YY) is crossed with a homozygous dominant red gumamela…
A: Please note, in keeping with the site regulations, and in order to provide a good-quality answer,…
Q: Topic: yeast cells what is the purpose of cover slip in Dalmau plate? please elaborate
A: In mycology, Dalmau plate method is generally used to detect and observe the ascospore the…
Q: Energy can be classified into both kinetic energy and potential energy. Which image best illustrates…
A: Introduction :- A particle or an item that is in motion has a sort of energy called kinetic energy.…
Q: Why do evolutionary biologists give so much attention to this? Explain mechanisms that generate…
A: The word "Genetic" refers to genes and "variation" refers to changes. So genetic variation is…
Q: Tabulate the main differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
A: introduction: A significant class of tiny, unicellular, microscopic creatures known as bacteria are…
Q: XXY YO (An embryo with no X chromosome, but has a Y chromosome) They will not survive)
A: Nondisjunction The event during cell division in which chromosomes do not separate properly. This…
Q: Given: 0.6 µM h1 NO3 remineralization
A: Remineralization (release to water of nutrients in biologically available forms) is the process…
Genetic Variation
Genetic variation refers to the variation in the genome sequences between individual organisms of a species. Individual differences or population differences can both be referred to as genetic variations. It is primarily caused by mutation, but other factors such as genetic drift and sexual reproduction also play a major role.
Quantitative Genetics
Quantitative genetics is the part of genetics that deals with the continuous trait, where the expression of various genes influences the phenotypes. Thus genes are expressed together to produce a trait with continuous variability. This is unlike the classical traits or qualitative traits, where each trait is controlled by the expression of a single or very few genes to produce a discontinuous variation.
Step by step
Solved in 3 steps
- Pedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. Would you want to know the results of the cancer, heart disease, and TSD tests if you were Sarah and Adam? Is it their responsibility as potential parents to gather this type of information before they decide to have a child?Pedigree analysis is a fundamental tool for investigating whether or not a trait is following a Mendelian pattern of inheritance. It can also be used to help identify individuals within a family who may be at risk for the trait. Adam and Sarah, a young couple of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, went to a genetic counselor because they were planning a family and wanted to know what their chances were for having a child with a genetic condition. The genetic counselor took a detailed family history from both of them and discovered several traits in their respective families. Sarahs maternal family history is suggestive of an autosomal dominant pattern of cancer predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer because of the young ages at which her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with their cancers. If a mutant allele that predisposed to breast and ovarian cancer was inherited in Sarahs family, she, her sister, and any of her own future children could be at risk for inheriting this mutation. The counselor told her that genetic testing is available that may help determine if this mutant allele is present in her family members. Adams paternal family history has a very strong pattern of early onset heart disease. An autosomal dominant condition known as familial hypercholesterolemia may be responsible for the large number of deaths from heart disease. As with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer, genetic testing is available to see if Adam carries the mutant allele. Testing will give the couple more information about the chances that their children could inherit this mutation. Adam had a first cousin who died from Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a fatal autosomal recessive condition most commonly found in people of Eastern European Jewish descent. Because TSD is a recessively inherited disorder, both of his cousins parents must have been heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele. If that is the case, Adams father could be a carrier as well. If Adams father carries the mutant TSD allele, it is possible that Adam inherited this mutation. Because Sarah is also of Eastern European Jewish ancestry, she could also be a carrier of the gene, even though no one in her family has been affected with TSD. If Adam and Sarah are both carriers, each of their children would have a 25% chance of being afflicted with TSD. A simple blood test performed on both Sarah and Adam could determine whether they are carriers of this mutation. If Sarah carries the mutant cancer allele and Adam carries the mutant heart disease allele, what is the chance that they would have a child who is free of both diseases? Are these good odds?Describe extensions of Mendelian Analysis
- Describe two examples that show deviation or extensions of simple Mendelian genetics.Give examples of Mendelian traits and of traits with complex inheritance.Mendelian Genetics Consider blue eyes in a man as recessive to brown eyes. Show the expected children of a marriage between a blue-eyed woman and brown-eyed man who had a blue-eyed mother. Determine the genotypic ratio (GR) and phenotypic ratio (PR) of the F1 using Punnett Square Method. Hint: Determine the genotypes of each individual first.
- in own understanding, what is mendelian genetics?explain the difference between traits that follow Mendel's rule of complete dominance where the dominant completely hides the recessive and those determined by incomplete dominance .List and explain the five (5) mode of inheritance in pedigree analysis.
- Gregor Johann Mendel carried out experiments with pea plants that demonstrated how certain physical traits were passed down from one generation to the next in a predictable pattern. He introduced the concepts of dominant and recessive traits and established fundamental laws of inheritance for what is known as Mendelian Genetics. A trait can be inherited when each parent passes down one copy of a gene. Different versions of the same gene are known as alleles. Both gene copies are an organism’s genotype, and the physical expression of those genes is a phenotype. 1. Explain one of the three laws of inheritance proposed by Mendelian genetics. Mendelian inheritance can be visualized using Punnett squares. The first row and column represent the parental alleles, while the squares predict the possible combination of alleles of the resulting offspring. Dominant alleles are indicated by uppercase letters while recessive alleles are indicated by lowercase letters. The combination of alleles in…Mendel's second postulate states: When two different unit factors responsible for a characteristic are found in the same organism, one will dominate and determine the characteristic type. Explain this postulate using modern genetic terms. Be sure to include the following terms in your explanation: dominant, recessive, allele, phenotype, genotype.compare and contrast mendelian inheritance in human traits