Recall that the nuclear membrane disintegrates late in prophase of mitosis in most eukarvotic cells. Once the membrane is reformed in telophase in a daughter cell, several components of gene expression mignt therefore be "caught" out in the cytoplasm when they would otherwise onlv ever be found inside the nucleus. Consider where the following components of gene expression are made and where they runction. Which component is normally never found in the cytoplasm outside the nucleus? O A. Spliced intron • B. RNA polymerase O C. Histones • D. DNA polymerase

Recall that the nuclear membrane disintegrates late in prophase of mitosis in most eukarvotic cells. Once the membrane is reformed in telophase in a daughter cell, several components of gene expression mignt therefore be "caught" out in the cytoplasm when they would otherwise onlv ever be found inside the nucleus. Consider where the following components of gene expression are made and where they runction. Which component is normally never found in the cytoplasm outside the nucleus? O A. Spliced intron • B. RNA polymerase O C. Histones • D. DNA polymerase

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Description: Recall that the nuclear membrane disintegrates late in prophase of mitosis in most eukarvotic cells. Once the membrane is reformed in telophase in a daughter cell, several components of gene expression mignt therefore be "caught" out in the cytoplasm

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter10: Cell Division And Mitosis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD: Biologists have long been interested in the effects of radiation on cells. In one experiment,...

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A small amount if cytoplasm isolated from a mitotic cell is injected into an unfertilized frog oocyte, causing the oocyte to enter M phase. A sample of the injected cytoplasm is then taken and injected into a second oocyte, causing this cell also to enter the M phase. this process is repeated many times until essentially, none of the original protein samples remains, and yet, cytoplasm taken from the last in the series on injected oocytes is still able to trigger entry into the M phase with undiminished efficiency. Explain this remarkable observation.
The yeast cohesin subunit Scc1, which is essen-tial for sister-chromatid cohesion, can be artificiallyregulated for expression at any point in the cell cycle. Ifexpression is turned on at the beginning of S phase, all thecells divide satisfactorily and survive. By contrast, if Scc1expression is turned on only after S phase is completed,the cells fail to divide and they die, even though Scc1accumulates in the nucleus and interacts efficiently withchromosomes. Why do you suppose that cohesin mustbe present during S phase for cells to divide normally?
One change observed at the centrosomes early in mitosis is an increase in the number of γ-TURCcomplexes (which contain γ-tubulin.).How does the presence of γ-tubulin affect the balance between microtubule assembly & disassembly? Why might having more of it present in the centrosomal region be beneficial in the spindle assembly process?
Give at least one example of a chromosomal structureor function affected by the following mechanisms formodulating chromatin structure:a. Posttranslational changes of the normal histonesfound in the nucleosome
A mitotic spindle is a structure formed in [Select] [Select] types of microtubules. [Select] while [Select] located at opposite ends of the cell. Within each of these are 3 cells that consists of a mitosis. Finally, without [Select] connection between the two spindle poles. microtubules help position each spindle, microtubules help to pull sister chromatids apart during microtubules, there would be no
Rather surprisingly, some cellular components that we know best from our study of nuclear protein traffic also appear to be involved in the process of spindle assembly. These include Ran GEF (which, as you may recall, is bound to chromatin – an association that apparently continues even when the nuclear envelope breaks down at the onset of mitosis) and importin-β. Now think back to the process of nuclear protein import. To which form of Ran (Ran-GDP or Ran-GTP) does importin-β bind and what is the significance of that interaction with respect to the efficiency of delivery of import “cargo” to the nucleus? To which form of Ran (Ran-GDP or Ran-GTP) do exportins bind and what is the significance of that interaction with respect to the efficiency of delivery of export “cargo” to the cytoplasm?
The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene Rb (RB1) codes forthe retinoblastoma protein (pRB). pRB prevents the progression of the cell cycle through G1 if DNA has been damaged. Itdoes so in part because it binds a transcription-activatingdimer referred to as E2F-DP. The pRB-E2F/DP complex recruits a histone deacetylase to chromatin. Explain.
Biologists have long been interested in the effects of radiation on cells. In one experiment, researchers examined the effect of radium on mitosis of chick embryo cells growing in culture. A population of experimental cells was examined under the microscope for the number of cells in telophase (as a measure of mitosis occurring) before, during, and after exposure to radium. The results are shown in the Figure. What is the effect of radium exposure on mitosis? Source: R. G. Canti and M. Donaldson. 1926. The effect of radium on mitosis in vitro. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character 100:413419.
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