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1. Provide 2 reasons why very young children have high rates of gastrointestinal infections
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- 8. Discuss three dietary teaching points for a patient recovering from Pancreatitis.1. Differentiate between bacterial infection and bacterial intoxication. 2. Discuss the importance of E. coli as part of our intestinal flora. 3. Describe three (3) different types of gastrointestinal diseases caused by bacteria. Be sure to give the name of the specific organism that causes each, describe some common signs and symptoms and discuss treatment for each disease: 4. Define meningitis. Compare and contrast between bacterial and viral meningitis including treatment for each. 5. What is a prion? Describe the impact prions have on the human brain and discuss two prion-associated diseases in humans: 6. What is a vector-borne (vector transmitted) disease? Give an example of a vector borne disease and the vector responsible for causing it:1. How are gastrointestinal bacterial infections typically spread? Is this direct or indirect transmission?
- 7. Describe the primary pathogenesis, symptoms, and potential side effects of acute pancreatitis.- Section 12 Hom 93 of 145 در ∞ 93. A 16-year-old boy with sickle cell disease comes to the physician because of a 6-hour history of a persistent, paintu penile eraction. He says that the word stimulation. Physical examination shows no other abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism of this condition? A) Hyperactivity of the bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus muscles CB) Hyperactivity of the parasympathetic cavernous innervation OC) Occlusion of arteriovenous anastomoses that bypass the corpora cavernosa OD) Occlusion of venous channels in the corpora cavernosa E) Response to ischemia secondary to arteriolar occlusion7. Emergency endoscopic interventions increase the risk of acute pancreatitis. The initial phase of this disease is associated with the activation of trypsin within the cells of the pancreas. Then the inflammation begins. To protect cells from the action of active proteases, it is necessary to apply an ice pack or a belt with circulating cold water to the anterior abdominal wall. In the initial acute period of pancreatitis (as well as prophylactically before endoscopic procedures), "shock doses" of the synthetic polypeptide gabexate-mesylate and ulinastatin have recently been prescribed. These are new synthetic inhibitors of serine proteases that are not natural polypeptides. Explain why the patient's condition improves with this treatment in the initial phase of pancreatitis. Q: explain how local hypothermia affects protease activity and why fasting for several days helps
- 1: Bom 32 of 145 32. A 40-year-old woman with a history of gallbladder disease has pancreatitis. The most likely cause of the pancreatitis is a gallstone at which of the following sites? A) Common bile duct B) C) Cystic duct OD) Major duodenal papilla Common hepatic duct12.Explain four (4) risk factors related to constipation? Easy and simple asap6. Compare and contrast medical vs. surgical treatment of Cholelithiasis and Pancreatitis.
- 4. Label the parts of the large intestine: anus, appendix, ascending colon, cecum, descending colon, haustra, ileocecal sphincter, ileum, rectum, sigmoid colon, teniae coli, transverse colon1. In a single day, two female students and one male student sought treatment at a university health clinic, complaining of acute diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. No blood was found in their stools. One of the women was found to have a urinary tract infection. all three had eaten lunch at a nearby health food store the previous day. The man had a turkey sandwich with tomato, sprouts, pickles, and sunflower seeds. One woman had a pocket sandwich with turkey, sprouts, and mandarin oranges; the other woman had the lunch special, described in the menu as a “delightful garden salad of fresh organic lettuces, sprouts, tomatoes, and cucumbers with zesty raspberry vinaigrette dressing." all had bottled water to drink. Which of the foods is the most likely source of the infections? What media would you use to culture and isolate enteric contaminants in the food? 3. Which enteric bacteria could cause these symptoms? How did the woman likely acquire the urinary tract infection? What is the likely…1. What is the nature of the oral environment of the infant at birth ? 2. Name the factors that regulate the oral microbiota: 3. What is commonly known as the indicator microorganism in the oral cavity? Why?