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Prolactin and oxytocin are both involved in lactation. Define,
describe, and explain the functional significance of each of these
hormones.
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- Sex hormone secretion is governed by a negative feedback loop to the hypothalamus and pituitary, similar to that for thyroid hormone or cortisol. Because of this, a veterinarian can use a blood test to find out whether a female dog has been neutered. Dogs who still have their ovaries have a lower blood level of luteinizing hormone (LH) than dogs who have been neutered. Explain why removing a dog’s ovaries would result in an elevated level of LH.Define the term Progesterone?Which of the significant adverse effects of estrogen-only administration is significantly reduced if a progestin is combined with an estrogen?
- Explain how oxytocin and prolactin interact to initiate and maintain lactation, including the feedback mechanisms that regulate both hormones.What conclusion can you draw regarding the relationship between the thickness of the endometrium and the hormone level of progesterone? Why does it make sense that the endometrium would be its thickest following ovulation?A 38-year-old male is upset about his low sperm count and visits a "practitioner" who commonly advertises his miracle cures of sterility. The practitioner is a quack who treats conditions of low sperm count with megadoses of testosterone. Although his patients experience a huge surge in libido, their sperm count is even lower after hormone treatment. a) Which two glands would be responsive to the megadose of testosterone? b) Identify the two hormones that would be affected by the megadose of testosterone. Would their levels increase or decrease? c) What role, if any, would either of the affected hormones have on the man's reduced sperm count?