Pa = 5-Q Ps= 2 + 2Q Producing dry cleaning creates ground water pollution with a constant marginal external cost of 1.2. Question: (d) What is the equilibrium price and quantity if the government decides to impose a per-unit tax of $1.20 is added to dry cleaning? (e) Does the tax cause a Pareto improvement? (Use the definition of a Pareto improvement to justify the answer.)
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- The graph below represents the market for tubs of yoghurt. Answer the following questions assuming a positive per-unit tax is placed on tubs of yoghurt. P S 8.50 8 5.50 25 (a) The per-unit tax is placed on 50 55 (b) The size of the tax is $ [Select] [Select] Buyers that sellers receive after the tax is $ [Select] 80 85 (c) The price that buyers pay after the tax is $ [Select] (d) The quantity traded with the tax in place is receive $ [Select] (e) After the tax, buyers will pay $ [Select] relatively more [Select] (f) In the end, buyers pay [Select] D2 Q [Select] ✓ relative to the quantity traded without tax. per tub. ✓ less per tub. per tub. than sellers. per tub. The price tubs leading to more per tub. Sellers will because their demand curve iswarten population manghe ecosystem's Carrying capacity? 6. We have the following data for Demand Price and Costs for our product. Quantity Demand Price Costs 300 100 $21.63 $35.35 $5040.00 $2347.67 500 $17.25 $7481.67 1000 $12.70 $12469.67 1500 $10.26 $16196.00 We have reason to believe that the Demand Price is a power (exponential) function of some kind. Our Cost function is close to linear, but we expect, from some market analysis, that it is in fact quadratic. Approximate this data with a Demand Price function and a Cost function. Explain how confident you are; that is, how much error do you think is reasonable in this type of scenario? 区In a market which demand and supply curves are shown below: Price ($/hour) 36- 32 28- 24 20- 16 12- 8- 4- 0 Demand Supply 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 Quantity (units/day) a) Calculate the consumer surplus for the market. (If necessary round your answer to the nearest whole number.) Consumer Surplus = $0 b) Calculate the producer surplus for the market. (If necessary round your answer to the nearest whole number.) Producer Surplus = $0
- The figure below shows the demand curve for a U.S. farmer for irrigating his land. It costs $100 per acre to irrigate the land. Each acre of land irrigation generates salty runoff that winds up in the Colorado River. It costs $50 to desalinate this river water so Mexican farmers can irrigate their crops. Price ($) 275 250 225 200 175 150 125 100 75 50 25 0 DMBMB sed 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100110120 Irrigation (acres) Tools (2) MCpvt MC socialPRICE (Dollars per ton) 80 72 64 56 48 40 32 24 16 B Demand 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 QUANTITY (Millions of tons) Graph Input Tool Daily Demand for Pollution Rights Price 8 (Dollars per ton) Quantity Demanded (Millions of tons) 225 Suppose the government has determined that the socially optimal quantity of sulfur dioxide emissions is 125 million tons per day. One way governments can charge firms for pollution rights is by imposing a per-unit tax on emissions. A tax (or price in this case) of $ of sulfur dioxide emitted will achieve the desired level of pollution. per ton Now suppose the U.S. government does not know the demand curve for pollution and, therefore, cannot determine the optimal tax to achieve the desired level of pollution. Instead, it auctions off pollution permits. Each permit entitles its owner to emit one ton of sulfur dioxide per day. To achieve the socially optimal quantity of pollution, the government auctions off 125 million pollution permits. Given…Suppose the the demand for a product is given by Qd = 40 − 3P , andsupply by Qs = 5 + 2P Suppose that government places a tax on consumers of 10 per unit onproducers.(a) What will be the price and quantity with the tax?(b) How much will be the consumer be paying, including the tax, for each unit that the consumer purchases?(c) How much will the government be collecting in tax revenues?(d) What is the consumer surplus now that a tax has been placed on theproduct?(e) What is the producer surplus?(f) What is the deadweight loss?
- 11 The demand for education in the market is given by D(p) = 100000 - p where D(p) is the number of degrees. (a) if the market is competitive where the cost to each provider of a degree is $10000, then what is the equilibrium number of degrees and equilibrium price? (b) suppose that there is external benefit of $10000 per degree. what is the efficient number of degrees? (c) draw a diagram with relevant marginal values and marginal costs showing the competitive outcome, the efficient outcome, and the lost surplus from a competitive market. label the relevant curves and the relevant outcomes.Theoretically and graphically explain the incidence of ad-valorem tax on the equilibrium price and quantitySuppose that the supply and demand schedules for a local electric utility are as follows:Price 17 16 15 14 13 12 11Quantity supplied 9 7 5 3 1 - -Quantity demanded 3 4 5 6 7 8 9The price is in cents per kilowatt hour (kWh), and the quantity is millions of kilowatt hours. The utilitydoes not operate at prices less than 13 cents per kWh.(a) Using graph paper and a ruler, or a computer spreadsheet or presentation program, carefully graphand label the supply curve for electricity.(b) On the same graph, draw and label the demand curve for electricity.(c) What is the equilibrium price of electricity? The equilibrium quantity? Label this point on yourgraph.(d) At a price of 17 cents per kWh, what is the quantity supplied? What is the quantity demanded? Whatis the relationship between quantity supplied and quantity demanded? What term do economists useto describe this situation?(e) At a price of 14 cents per kWh, what is the relationship between quantity supplied and quantitydemanded? What…
- Price ($) 34 32 30 28 26 24 28864 NO 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 864 2 1 2 3 4 5 S D 678 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Quantity Suppose an $8 tax is imposed on sellers in the market shown in the graph. What is the tax-inclusive price paid by the buyers as a result of this tax?Blood oranges P. (euros/ton) 1,000 500 700 Q (metric tons) Blood oranges are a tasty fruit with a red-colored flesh. The Italian government subsidizes the production of blood oranges by supporting their price. If the market for blood oranges from Italy is as shown in the graph above, how much does the subsidy cost the government and, ultimately, Italian taxpayers? Select one: O a. 700,000 euros b. 500,000 euros Oc. 1 million euros O d. 200,000 euros Check Previous page Next page acBook Pro6c Suppose that the government imposes a constant per-unit tax of 2 centon producers. In the diagram, show the effect of this tax on the prices ofplastic bags faced by buyers and sellers.