Ives, image d of these ultrasound waves is 1480 m/s in We define the index of refraction of a mater ratio of the speed of sound in air to the spe Snell’s law then applies to the refraction of s gle from the normal does an ultrasound be: s the lungs at an angle of 9.73° from the n

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33.37 • BIO Heart Sonogram. Physicians use high-frequency
(f = 1–5 MHz) sound waves, called ultrasound, to image internal or-
gans. The speed of these ultrasound waves is 1480 m/s in muscle and
344 m/s in air. We define the index of refraction of a material for sound
waves to be the ratio of the speed of sound in air to the speed of sound
in the material. Snell's law then applies to the refraction of sound waves.
(a) At what angle from the normal does an ultrasound beam enter the
heart if it leaves the lungs at an angle of 9.73° from the normal to the
heart wall? (Assume that the speed of sound in the lungs is 344 m/s.)
(b) What is the critical angle for sound waves in air incident on muscle?
Transcribed Image Text:33.37 • BIO Heart Sonogram. Physicians use high-frequency (f = 1–5 MHz) sound waves, called ultrasound, to image internal or- gans. The speed of these ultrasound waves is 1480 m/s in muscle and 344 m/s in air. We define the index of refraction of a material for sound waves to be the ratio of the speed of sound in air to the speed of sound in the material. Snell's law then applies to the refraction of sound waves. (a) At what angle from the normal does an ultrasound beam enter the heart if it leaves the lungs at an angle of 9.73° from the normal to the heart wall? (Assume that the speed of sound in the lungs is 344 m/s.) (b) What is the critical angle for sound waves in air incident on muscle?
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