Kerberos is a protocol that is based around Needham-Schroeder protocol for many tomany authentications. Now answer the following questions. (Use necessary diagramsto justify your answers)i) Explain why the password of the user is not sent over the network and insteadsession keys are generated and shared in the Kerberos protocol.ii) The information in a TGT (Ticket Granting Ticket) is encrypted so the clientcannot access the information in the TGT. However, all information in theticket is already known to the client. Why is it still necessary to encrypt it?iii) Describe the working mechanism of how a ticket is generated between theclient and server by the TGS (Ticket Granting Server) and how it is used forclient-server communication.

Answered: ions. Now answer the following swers)…

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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One of the problems with the Internet email system is that sending forged emails is relatively straightforward, i.e., it is easy to send an email with a fake sender/from address. One solution to this problem would be for a domain’s mail servers to digitally sign any email originating from the domain. For this to be useful, the public key would need to be made available to clients to validate the signatures. It is proposed that the public keys of the mail servers will be verified and signed by a certification authority (same as SSL/TLS certificates) and distributed via a standardised URL for the domain, e.g., https://mybusiness.com/email.pubkey. (a) Explain how the client would obtain the public key and validate the email server’s digital signatures. (b) Discuss the problem of trusting the obtained public key and how this solution results in public keys that can/cannot be trusted. (c) Indicate whether you believe this approach could be used to prevent forged emails and explain why it…
Can a message's authentication code alter either the Tag or the ciphertext en route? There can never be a successful assault of this kind since recipients will always be able to identify a modified Tag/ciphertext.
. Q: There is no authentication in the Diffie-Hellman key-exchange protocol. By exploiting this property, a malicious third party, Chuck, can easily break into the key exchange taking place between Alice and Bob, and subsequently ruin the security. Explain how this would work.
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2. Recall the concept of Physically Unclonable Functions, which are an importantcomponent of hardware based security. Here is a simple scenario and simple protocol usingPUFs for authenticating a tag. In the protocol below, the Reader stores ALL possiblecombinations of Challenge-Response pairs for every tag it needs to authenticate. Duringauthentication, the Reader broadcasts the ID of the tag, and a greeting (Gn ). Every tag maysee this message, but only the one with the right ID will process the message. The right tagwith the ID in the message will then feed the greeting to its PUF and compute the responseSn. The response is then sent to the Reader. This should be clear from the Figure below. Forthe next round of authenticating the same Tag, the process repeats with a new Greeting(G n+1 ). Since the Reader has the responses, authentication is straightforward. Recall thatChallenges and Responses are typically 128 or 256 bit strings for RFIDs.From the protocol, and class, it should be…
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ions. Now answer the following swers) vhy the password of the user is r eys are generated and shared in thì mation in a TGT (Ticket Granti ccess the information in the TC Iready known to the client. Why i