Introduction Hereditary is determined by genetic factors that are passed on from parents to their offspring. Alleles, phenotypes, genotypes, DNA and chromosomes are the basis behind our inheritance; Genetics is the distribution of these genes and the probabilities of their outcomes in the form of traits. Punnet squares are a simple way of determining these outcomes and the resulting traits and offspring. However not all genetics occur as simple as a punnet squares, sometimes alleles are expressed equally rather than one being dominant. This can lead to an expression of codominance, multiple genes and incomplete dominance. Other times alleles are linked based on their location to sex chromosomes or even proximity to each other. This can lead to an expression of sex-linked traits or linked genes. Genetics is a complex field in which multiple factors play a very important role in inheritance, not only Mendelian (basic) genetics. Think of it as reading a book, you never really know what’s going to happen yet if you follow the evidence carefully, you may be able to predict it. Monohybrid Traits (Mendelian Genetics) – Complete Dominance • Hitch hiker’s thumb • Straight, wavy, and curly hair • Widow’s peak • Tongue roller • Attached or free earlobe • Dimples or no dimples Polygenic Traits (traits controlled by two or more genes) • Hair colour • Eye colour • Skin colour • Height Your Task Using the information given above along with definitions and background details (notes and internet), you will be asked to describe how inheritance works and explore your own heritage. You will extend your learning to compare the similarities and differences between your real life example of basic Mendelian genetics and polygenic traits. Note: If you would rather explore the heritage of a relative or friend, you can conduct an interview. Part I: Inheritance & Me • Choose two monohybrid traits (*see recommended list) • Define: genes, alleles, phenotype with examples • Why do you have the certain phenotype? • Distinguish dominant vs recessive traits • Identify your example as: complete dominance, incomplete dominance, or co-dominance

Human Biology (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305112100

Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan

Chapter19: Introduction To Genetics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 9CT

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Introduction Hereditary is determined by genetic factors that are passed on from parents to their offspring. Alleles, phenotypes, genotypes, DNA and chromosomes are the basis behind our inheritance; Genetics is the distribution of these genes and the probabilities of their outcomes in the form of traits. Punnet squares are a simple way of determining these outcomes and the resulting traits and offspring. However not all genetics occur as simple as a punnet squares, sometimes alleles are expressed equally rather than one being dominant. This can lead to an expression of codominance, multiple genes and incomplete dominance. Other times alleles are linked based on their location to sex chromosomes or even proximity to each other. This can lead to an expression of sex-linked traits or linked genes. Genetics is a complex field in which multiple factors play a very important role in inheritance, not only Mendelian (basic) genetics. Think of it as reading a book, you never really know what’s going to happen yet if you follow the evidence carefully, you may be able to predict it. Monohybrid Traits (Mendelian Genetics) – Complete Dominance • Hitch hiker’s thumb • Straight, wavy, and curly hair • Widow’s peak • Tongue roller • Attached or free earlobe • Dimples or no dimples Polygenic Traits (traits controlled by two or more genes) • Hair colour • Eye colour • Skin colour • Height Your Task Using the information given above along with definitions and background details (notes and internet), you will be asked to describe how inheritance works and explore your own heritage. You will extend your learning to compare the similarities and differences between your real life example of basic Mendelian genetics and polygenic traits. Note: If you would rather explore the heritage of a relative or friend, you can conduct an interview. Part I: Inheritance & Me • Choose two monohybrid traits (*see recommended list) • Define: genes, alleles, phenotype with examples • Why do you have the certain phenotype? • Distinguish dominant vs recessive traits • Identify your example as: complete dominance, incomplete dominance, or co-dominance • Collect and analyze data from your family (biological parents, siblings, grandparents.) • How does the genetics (alleles, phenotypes, genes) behind your real life example work? Predict the possible genotype. Explain the observations. Embed images to help illustrate and support your claims and analysis. • What are some of the different types of variation and what are the outcomes or results? • What can you do to make sure that the data you collect are reliable? • How confident are you that your claim is valid? What could you do to increase your confidence? Part II: Research Your infographics (visual representation of information using labelled diagrams and minimal text to present info quickly and clearly) should consist of the following sections that provide answers to the following questions: • Extension: Compare and contrast the pattern of inheritance of monohybrid traits versus polygenic traits (*you will be assigned a particular trait) • What similarities and differences exist between your real life example of genetics and the basic genetics (monohybrid traits) learned in class? Part II: Report & Presentation Report Present your findings as an infographics. It must be typed. Any diagrams, figures, or tables should be embedded into the document. Maximum two pages long.

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