In the context of an operating system, an interrupt is a mechanism that allows the CPU to temporarily halt its current execution and switch to a different task or process in response to an external event. Interrupts are crucial for efficiently managing input/output (I/O) operations. Explain interrupts in I/O operations and provide an example to illustrate the concepts.

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Types of database architectures

A Database Architecture represents the Database Management System’s (DBMS) design (schema). The DBMS architecture makes it easy to understand the components involved in the database system and their relations. The DBMS architecture may vary based on the system on which it runs. Some systems contain both client and server machines whereas some run only on a server machine. Based on the architecture, the system can be classified as centralized, decentralized, or hierarchical.