In a lithium-ionbattery that is discharging to power a device, for every Li+that inserts into the lithium cobalt oxide electrode, a Co4+ion must be reduced to a Co3+ ion to balance charge. Usingthe CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics or other standardreference, find the ionic radii of Li+, Co3+, and Co4+. Orderthese ions from smallest to largest.

In a lithium-ionbattery that is discharging to power a device, for every Li+that inserts into the lithium cobalt oxide electrode, a Co4+ion must be reduced to a Co3+ ion to balance charge. Usingthe CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics or other standardreference, find the ionic radii of Li+, Co3+, and Co4+. Orderthese ions from smallest to largest.

Chemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781133611097

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl

Chapter20: The Representative Elements

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 88CWP

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4. The common oxidation number for an alkaline earth metal is +2. (a) Using the Born-Mayer equation (for determining the lattice enthalpy) and a Born-Haber cycle (draw it), show that CaCl is an exothermic compound (negative AHf). Make a reasonable prediction to estimate the ionic radius of Ca (explain your reasoning). The sublimation (atomization) enthalpy for Ca(s) is 178 kJ/mol. (b) Show that an explanation for the non-existence of CaCl can be found in the enthalpy change for the reaction below. The AHf for CaCl2(s) is -190.2 kcal/mol. 2 CaCl(s) → Ca(s) + CaCl2(s)
(a) Which ion is smaller, Co3+ or Co4+? (b) In a lithium-ionbattery that is discharging to power a device, for every Li+that inserts into the lithium cobalt oxide electrode, a Co4+ion must be reduced to a Co3+ ion to balance charge. Using the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics or other standardreference, find the ionic radii of Li+, Co3+, and Co4+. Orderthese ions from smallest to largest. (c) Will the lithium cobaltoxide cathode expand or contract as lithium ions areinserted? (d) Lithium is not nearly as abundant as sodium.If sodium ion batteries were developed that function in thesame manner as lithium ion batteries, do you think “sodiumcobalt oxide” would still work as the electrode material?Explain. (e) If you don’t think cobalt would work as the redox-active partner ion in the sodium version of the electrode,suggest an alternative metal ion and explain your reasoning.
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