If Zeff for the Na 3s orbital is 2.51, while for the Mg 3s orbital it is 3.31, by what ratio do you expect the radius of an isolated magnesium atom to be over that of a sodium atom? Show your working.

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Atomic Structure

The basic structure of an atom is defined as the component-level of atomic structure of an atom. Precisely speaking an atom consists of three major subatomic particles which are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Many theories have been stated for explaining the structure of an atom.

Shape of the D Orbital

Shapes of orbitals are an approximate representation of boundaries in space for finding electrons occupied in that respective orbital. D orbitals are known to have a clover leaf shape or dumbbell inside where electrons can be found.