How is the optimal reproductive strategy of a species produced over time by Natural Selection (assume that there is some phenotypic and genetic variance for reproductive strategies in a population)
Q: Full color (D) in domestic cats is dominant over dilute color (d). Of 325cats observed, 194 have…
A: According to Hardy-Weinberg Principle, gene frequencies will remain constant if all the five…
Q: What does the Hardy Weinberg equation do? A) Show if a population is evolving B) Shows how many…
A: correct option is C Does not work with asexual reproduction.
Q: What is the Evidence That Populations Evolve by Natural Selection?
A: Evolution is the process of heritable change in the characteristics of an organism. Such changes…
Q: How does population size affect the likelihood of changes in allele frequencies by chance alone? Can…
A: Genetic drift refers to a mechanism of evolution by which the gene pool of a population changes…
Q: Describe two of the ways by which the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in a population can be disrupted by…
A: The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium or Hardy-Weinberg law is a fundamental law for population genetics…
Q: What is sexual selection? How is sexual selection similar to and different from other forms of…
A: Sexual selection is a method of characteristic choice where individuals from one organic sex pick…
Q: what will happen to the allele frequency of a population over generations if the more rare flower…
A: Allelic frequency It can be defined as relative frequency of a allele at perticular locus of a…
Q: In a certain population of frogs, 120 are green, 60 are brownish-green, and 20 are brown. The allele…
A: Incomplete dominance results when both alleles of a gene are partially expressed. Under these…
Q: Why is variation in heritable traits essential to the evolution of a population
A: Genetic variation is a significant evolution force as it permits natural selection to increment or…
Q: How does variation arise in an asexually reproducing population? Asexually reproducing population?
A: In asexual reproduction, an organism copies its DNA and splits its cell into two, thus producing…
Q: In the experiment of stochastic events, what observations can you make regarding the gene pool and…
A: Gene is a unit of inheritance. These units are passed to offspring from parents. The information…
Q: When two populations frequently intermix due to migration, what are the long-term consequences with…
A: Genetic variations occur due to genome difference among the organisms in a species. This enables the…
Q: Geneticists claim that if gene and genotype frequencies are not already in HW equilibrium, then one…
A: The HW equilibrium or the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a law that states, the genetic variation in…
Q: how does darwin finches support the arguement that genetic variation increases the survival rate or…
A: Darwin's theory of natural selection was an answer to many evolutionary puzzles. Today also every…
Q: How can natural selection maintain harmful alleles in a population?
A: The process in which a population of living organisms adapts to their environment by certain changes…
Q: Based on the figures, what is the effect of complete selection and migration on the gene and…
A: Relatively, selection against recessive genes is compared to dominant genotype selection. The…
Q: Random events are know to contribute to changes in allele frequencies. Do these random events…
A: Evolution is a continuous process and we are still evolving. Evolution is nothing but adapting to…
Q: How do nonrandom mating and gene flow disrupt Hardy– Weinberg equilibrium?
A: Non-random mating is the form of restricted self-fertilisation process and selfing will have no…
Q: What is Darwinian fitness? What types of characteristics canpromote high fitness values? Give…
A: Darwinian fitness is defined as the capacity to contribute offspring to the next generation.
Q: Which of the following is a change in allele frequency due to chance alone? Founder effect Gene…
A: Evolution is the change in a species over a long period of time. There are many forces which causes…
Q: What is the key difference between prezygotic and postzygotic isolating mechanisms? Give an example…
A: Introduction: The reproductive isolation mechanisms are a set of evolutionary mechanisms,…
Q: Suppose that in wasps, brown wings are dominant to white wings, and 40% of all wasps in a population…
A: The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is used like a Punnett square to see if genotype frequencies in a…
Q: In a population of king snakes the banded pattern (B) isn't dominant to no banding (b). If 12% the…
A: According to Mendel, genetic traits are regulated by factors called genes.
Q: Having red fur is extremely advantageous relative to all other fur color phenotypes in a population…
A: Genetically acquired traits, by definition, are qualities that are acquired by a living being after…
Q: What is the relationship between the operational sex ratio (OSR) and sexual selection in a species?
A: Operational sex ratio OSR operational sex ratio (OSR) can be defined as the sexual competition…
Q: What is the frequency of the dominant allele (q) in this population of birds?
A: Genotype: Genotype refers to the genetic constitution of an organism for any specific trait.…
Q: "Natural Selection Is a Major Force Driving Allele Frequency Change". Explain how ?
A: Natural selection can be outlined as the phenomenon in which the population of a living organism…
Q: Does this model fit the idea that reproductive isolation can evolve in allopatry as just a byproduct…
A: Allopatry simply means “at other place”. In biogeographic terms, allopatric species are those that…
Q: Why is a balanced frequency of different alleles of a gene in a population more useful for the…
A: Introduction :- A variable form of a gene is known as an allele. Some genes exist in several…
Q: Could a set of invading genotypes with the “parachute” strategy take over a population that…
A: The genotype with parachute strategy will get advantage than the other individuals. Other…
Q: What type of event could cause each type of genetic drift (founder effect and bottleneck effect)?
A: Genetic drift is defined as a random change in the allele frequencies simply as a result of chance…
Q: Describe how mutation-selection balance can act to maintain genetic variation in a population.
A: First of all let us understand what is mutation selection balance. It is a kind of equilibrium…
Q: Does Figure 6.5(C) use relative fitness or absolute fitness of the horned lizards in calculating the…
A: Ans. No, we can not use the figure relative fitness or absolute fitness of the horned lizards in…
Q: In light and dark forests, What impact do you think the environment has in the peppered moth…
A: Their population increased while the population of the moths that were white with black spots…
Q: What does gene flow between population do
A: Gene flow is one of the evolutionary mechanisms and represents the movement of alleles between local…
Q: hat does "gene flow" between populations do?
A: Genes carry coded genetic information in the form of specific nucleotide sequences. This specific…
Q: How can an asexually reproducing organism affect the abundance of an individual in a population?…
A: Reproduction is the biological phenomenon by which offspring are produced by individual organisms.…
Q: how has natural selection affected the bunny population and resulted in evolution of this species?
A: Microevolution (changes in allele frequencies) can occur as a result of natural selection, with…
Q: What is the frequency of heterozygotes Aa in a randomly mating population if the frequency of the…
A: Genetics can assist us in comprehending why people appear the way they do and why some people are…
Q: What is the difference between K-selected and r-selected populations
A: The idea of K selected population and r selected population was proposed by Robert McArthur and…
Q: This type of experiment, where members of an outbred populations are introduced to an inbred…
A: The sustenance of a population depends on its reproductive success. Genetically favored reproduction…
Q: populations of flightless grasshoppers (Population A and B) are separated by a river that contains…
A: This is a type of natural selection occurring here. Natural selection was a concept given first by…
Q: Why is population level genetic variation important for evolution and what causes genetic variation…
A: Introduction Variation is defined as any difference between individual organisms, cells, or groups…
Q: What other factors besides random mating are necessary for a population for HW equilibrium…
A: Hardy Weinberg Model: H.W model is a null model which provides the baseline of genotype and allele…
Q: 'Having red fur is extremely advantageous relative to all other fur color phenotypes in a population…
A: According Darwin there are series of events occurs in the path of evolution. These are…
Q: Which type of selection best describes the shift in peppered moth from the light form to the dark…
A: Peppered Moths are a kind of moth found in the United Kingdom. Some of them are white, while others…
Q: In general, what is the effect of complete selection, migration and random genetic drift on the gene…
A: Genetics is the study of genes, their interactions, and the effect of the environment on genes.…
Q: What is happening at the bottleneck? Describe the effect of genetic drift during the bottleneck.
A: A population is a group of species that inhabit the same area and live together. The individuals of…
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Two populations of mice exist: one lives in an area with light rocks and the other lives in an area of dark rocks. A dark mouse from the population living on dark rocks migrates to the area of light rocks and breeds with mice there. Will this alter the frequency of light fur in the population? Discuss changes that may or may not be seen in the next generation and in following generations. (Remember you saw this event in the Reproductive Advantage Simulation). Format BIU ...Below is a life table for a hypothetical organism. What is the expected lifetime reproductive success for individuals carrying the A1 allele? (Note: RS: reproductive success) # of individual RS of survivor surviving RS of survivor Age carrying A1 allele carrying A2 allele 1000 1 600 1 420 1 336 1 4 302 272 2 6. 218 1 7 152 1 8. 91 1 9. 46 10 1.84 2.44 3.27 3.54 13At least one of the discoverers of this genetic equilibrium (Hardy) developed this HW equation to show that the dominant allele will not always take over the population just because that allele has a dominant effect on the phenotype. What additional factor would have to be present to cause a dominant allele to increase to a frequency of 100%? Why is this factor essential for the dominant allele to “take over” the gene pool?
- Johnston et al. estimate that 50% of males with the Ho Ho genotype develop scurs (instead of full horns). They also estimate that around 13% of the total male population, at birth, will develop scurs. The males who managed to get access to mating opportunities with females seem to show no preference for whether the females have horns or not. Thus in the adult mating population, mating is random with respect to the genotype at this locus. What is the frequency of the Hop allele in the population?Suppose a population has two alleles at a particular locus, and individuals with different diploid genotypes at this locus have different probabilities of survival and expected offspring, as given in the table below: Genotype Percent surviving to adulthood Expected offspring GG 90% 11 Gg 80% 15 g8 50% 28 Calculate the absolute fitness, W, for each genotype, and then the relative fitness, w, using the smallest absolute fitness value as your reference. Assume that the selection differential s is equal to the difference between the relative fitness values for the heterozygote (Gg) genotype and the genotype with the lowest fitness. (That is, s WG Wiowest ) If there are 410 individuals who are homozygous for the G allele in a population of 1,177, and we ignore the effect of genetic drift, how much should the frequency of the G allele change over one generation of natural selection? Note that this asking for an overall size of change - you should report a value greater than 0. Compute your…Assume that the frequency of gene B in a hypothetical population Is 0.63, that there are only two alleles (B and b) of the gee in the population, that allele B is dominant over allele b, that neither allele has a selective advantage over the other, and that the population is at equilibrium with regard to this particular gene. What proportion of the population is expected to have the phenotype specified by the B allele according to the Hardy-Weinberg formula? 0.47 0.87 0.67 0.40 0.37
- A population of mealworm beetles (Tenebrio molitor) called the founder generation-consisting of 150 Black (MM) individuals, 100 Brown (Mm) individuals and 250 Orange (mm) individuals-is established on a remote region of Puerto Rico. Mating within this population occurs at random, the three genotypes are selectively neutral and mutations occur at a negligible rate. (a) What are the frequencies of alleles M and m in the founder generation? Frequency of allele M= Frequency of allele m= (b) Calculate p2, 2pq, q2 and the expected number of MM individuals, Mm individuals, and mm individuals in the population, assuming that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibriumSuppose a population has two alleles at a particular locus, and individuals with different diploid genotypes at this locus have different probabilities of survival and expected offspring, as given in the table below: Genotype % Surviving to adulthood Expected offspring GG 90% 11 Gg 80% 15 gg 50% 28 Calculate the absolute fitness, W, for each genotype, and then the relative fitness, w, using the smallest absolute fitness value as your reference. Assume that the selection differential s is equal to the difference in relative finesses of the heterozygote, Gg, genotype, and the least-fit genotype. If there are 311 individuals who are homozygous for the G allele in a population of 4,659, and we ignore the effect of genetic drift, how much should the frequency of the G allele change over one generation of natural selection? (Give your answer up to four decimal places).Suppose a population has two alleles at a particular locus, and individuals with different diploid genotypes at this locus have different probabilities of survival and expected offspring, as given in the table below: Genotype Percent surviving to adulthood Expected offspring GG 90% 11 Gg 80% 15 gg 50% 28 Calculate the absolute fitness, W, for each genotype, and then the relative fitness, w, using the smallest absolute fitness value as your reference. Assume that the selection differential s is equal to the difference in relative fitnesses of the heterozygote, Gg, genotype and the least-fit genotype. If there are 311 individuals who are homozygous for the G allele in a population of 4,659, and we ignore the effect of genetic drift, how much should the frequency of the G allele change over one generation of natural selection? (Note that this asking for an overall size of change – you should report a value greater than 0. Compute your answer up to four decimal places.)
- In mice, black fur (W) is dominant over white fur (w). In an ideal mouse population exhibiting Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, 177 mice out of 236 have white fur. Calculate the number of mice that are heterozygous dominant for the fur colour gene in the population.A rabbit warren has 300 individuals. The coat colour of rabbits is expressed through incomplete dominance. The coat colour can be dark brown, light brown, or white.There are 81 dark brown rabbits, 150 light brown rabbits, and 69 white rabbits. Assume that all of the conditions are met for a population in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.What is the light brown genotype frequency, the white phenotype frequency, and the dark brown allele frequency? Select one: a. Genotype of Light Brown Rabbits Phenotype of White Rabbits Dark Brown Allele Frequency 0.27 0.48 0.52 b. Genotype of Light Brown Rabbits Phenotype of White Rabbits Dark Brown Allele Frequency 0.50 0.23 0.52 c. Genotype of Light Brown Rabbits Phenotype of White Rabbits Dark Brown Allele Frequency 0.27 0.23 0.77 d. Genotype of Light Brown Rabbits Phenotype of White Rabbits Dark Brown Allele Frequency 0.50 0.48 0.77A different locus codes for drought tolerance in desert tortoises. On average during a drought, genotype AA produces 7 offspring, genotype AB produces 8 offspring, and genotype BB produces 3 offspring. The genotype frequencies in 2019 are 10% AA, 10% AB, and 80% BB. What is the expected equilibrium allele frequency p* after a large number of generations go by during the drought? Assume the tortoise population is also very large.