Given a query Q=Sum(Female and CSCE and 2000) over relation Students={Name, Sex, Major, Year}. Construct a tracker for Q.
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- Consider the following SQL Query: SELECT FNAME, DNAME FROM EMP AS E, DEPT AS D WHERE E.DNO = D.DNUMBER AND D.DNAME='CCI' AND SALARY > 15000; Draw the initial query tree for the above SQL query, and then show how the query tree is optimized by applying the Heuristic Rules. (You need to show the tree after applying a rule).Consider the following SQL query on the university schema:SELECT AVG(salary) - (SUM(salary)/COUNT(*))FROM instructor;We might expect that the result of this query is zero since the average of a set of numbers is defined to be the sum ofthe numbers divided by the number of numbers. Indeed, this is true for the example instructor relation in Figure 2.1.However, there are other possible instances of that relation for which the result would NOT be zero. Give one suchinstance, and explain why the results would not be zero.Modify the recursive query in Figure 5.16 to define a relationprereq_depth(course_id, prereq_id, depth) where the attribute depth indicates how many levels of intermediate prerequisites there are between the course and the prerequisite. Direct prerequisites havea depth of 0. Note that a prerequisite course may have multiple depths and thusmay appear more than once.
- Question#1: Draw query tree for following relational queries. Also write SQL query for each relational query given. σsubject = "database"(Books) ∏ author (Books) ∪ ∏ author (Articles) σauthor = 'tutorialspoint'(Books Χ Articles) (πsName,p.pName,pa.Grade (σs.Age>25^pa.Grade=’A’ ((Student ⋈ Project_Allocation) ⋈ Project)))Consider the query:with dept total (dept name, value) as(select dept name, sum(salary)from instructorgroup by dept name),dept total avg(value) as(select avg(value)from dept total)select dept namefrom dept total, dept total avgwhere dept total.value >= dept total avg.value;Rewrite this query without using the with construct.Given the tables create table T (A int primary key, B int); create table U (C int primary key, A int, foreign key(A) references T(A) ); Table T contains 100 rows and table U contains 200 rows. A common mistake made by students is to do a join and assuming the database will supply the join predicate. A student does the query SELECT T.A, T.B, U.C FROM T, U; The student does not get an error message but gets a large result set. How many rows are in the result set?
- Let Q be a relation with attributes ABCD. Consider the SQL conjunc- tive query select v.A, t.B, v.D from Q v, Q w, Q t where v.D = w.D and t.D = 8 and t.A = w.A and v.C = t.B and w.A = 0 (i) Construct the pattern corresponding to the query. (ii) Is the pattern constructed in (i) minimal? (Explain) (ii) applied to databases satisfying the FD's Minimize the pattern in (i) knowing that the query is only С + В, АВ — D, A + С. Show the intermediate steps. Construct from the minimized pattern a corresponding min- (iii). imized SQL query.Given a relation S(student, subject, marks), write a query to find the top 10 students by total marks, by using SQL ranking. Include all students tied for the final spot in the ranking, even if that results in more than 10 total students.Consider the following SQL query on the university schema:select avg(salary) - (sum(salary) / count(*))from instructorWe might expect that the result of this query is zero since the average of a setof numbers is defined to be the sum of the numbers divided by the number ofnumbers. Indeed this is true for the example instructor relation in Figure 2.1.However, there are other possible instances of that relation for which the resultwould not be zero. Give one such instance, and explain why the result wouldnot be zero.
- After executing a Cartesian product of student and advisor, followed by a selection operation on the result with the predicate s id = ID, what is the outcome of the operation? When stated in relational algebra's symbolic notation, this query may be represented as s id=ID(student advisor).B2. Consider the following SQL query in the STUDENT relation.SELECT SNO FROM STUDENTWHERE (CR_HOURS > 12 OR MAJOR != “DATABASE”)AND DNAME = “IT”AND (MAJOR = “DATABASE” OR CR_HOURS > 12); a. Simplify the query using idempotency rules b. Draw the relational algebra tree for the above-simplified query.Consider the following relation : STUD Class 4 3 4 4 2 Age 19 18 11 10 6 Sname Vikas Shreya Megha Rajan Ritu Let us suppose 'x' is a tuple variable ranging over 'STUD' relation. Following TRC expression is given: vx(~(x.class = 4) Vx.age < 10) What are the number of tuples that are valid according to the above TRC query: