For the production function from the previous homework: y = Kα Lα Assume that the firm is in the long run (so you can use the long-run cost function you found in the previous homework) to answer the following: a. Consider the case of α = 1/(3 + A), where A is the last digit of your ASU ID#. Also, assume that the market operates under perfect competition. Obtain long-run quantity produced and profits for the firm (as a function of parameters w1, w2 and p). Also obtain the (long-run) unconditional input demands (as a function of the same parameters). b. For the case of α = 1/2 obtain the long-run output price p

For the production function from the previous homework: y = Kα Lα Assume that the firm is in the long run (so you can use the long-run cost function you found in the previous homework) to answer the following: a. Consider the case of α = 1/(3 + A), where A is the last digit of your ASU ID#. Also, assume that the market operates under perfect competition. Obtain long-run quantity produced and profits for the firm (as a function of parameters w1, w2 and p). Also obtain the (long-run) unconditional input demands (as a function of the same parameters). b. For the case of α = 1/2 obtain the long-run output price p

Microeconomic Theory

12th Edition

ISBN:9781337517942

Author:NICHOLSON

Publisher:NICHOLSON

Chapter16: Labor Markets

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 16.7P

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2. Suppose a producer's production function is F(X,L) = 3K-L2 The cost of K is 20 (r-20) and the cost of L is 80 (w = 80) The firm wants to produce 30 units of output. a. What is the cost-minimizing way for the firm to produce 30 units of output? How many units of capital and how many units of labor should be used? b. Suppose the firm has committed itself to 4 units of capital (K) and therefore is operating in the short run. What combination of inputs is the least costly way for it to produce 30 units now?
4) A firm faces a production function of twittle-twaps: Q(K,Lp,Ln) = 5*K(2/5)*LP(1/3)*LN(1/5) per hour, where capital (K), production labor (LP), and non-production labor (LN) are input factors used in production. The firm operates in a competitive market, where they are a price taker within the capital & labor markets and its own price (r = 40, wP = 25, wN = 50, P = 20). Answer the following.a. If capital and non-production labor are fixed at K = 32 and LN = 243, what is the general form MPLP and graph Q wrt to LP changing [you do not need to solve for LP yet].b. Is this production function decreasing, constant, or increasing returns to scale and why.c. Given the wage of production workers and the price of twittle-twaps, what is the optimal number of LP to employ to maximize profits and the quantity produced (VMPLP = wP).d. If the firm can control both K and LP, what does the Isoquant curve look like and its slope in relative terms if LN is fixed at 243 units [IQ slope =…
b Now suppose Q = 2L +3K. Let the market price of L be w = 5 and the price of K be r = 4. Let both L and K can vary with production. Compute the input demand functions as a function of Q. (4 Points) c Calculate the marginal cost and average cost of the above function in subpart (b). Show them graphically. At what prices of textile will the producer shut down production. (3 Points) d Now suppose Q = 10LK. The market prices of inputs are as in subpart (b) above. Compute the input demand functions as a function of Q. Find the optimal production when the price of textile is $10 per yarn. (5 Points)
7. A fast-food company in Hermanus has the following cost function: TC = 10 + 3K + 2L, where L is the number of labour hours and K is the number of machines they have to use. They have a production function of Q = 2KL, where Q represents the number of meals produced per day. The company has to make at least 75 meals every day. Using the Lagrangian method of production optimization, calculate the optimal number of labourers and machines needed to meet this quota. (6)
4) A firm faces a production function of twittle-twaps: Q(K,Lp,Ln) = 5*K(2/5)*LP(1/3)*LN(1/5) per hour, where capital (K), production labor (LP), and non-production labor (LN) are input factors used in production. The firm operates in a competitive market, where they are a price taker within the capital & labor markets and its own price (r = 40, wP = 25, wN = 50, P = 20). Answer the following.a. If capital and non-production labor are fixed at K = 32 and LN = 243, what is the general form MPLP and graph Q wrt to LP changing [you do not need to solve for LP yet].b. Is this production function decreasing, constant, or increasing returns to scale and why.c. Given the wage of production workers and the price of twittle-twaps, what is the optimal number of LP to employ to maximize profits and the quantity produced (VMPLP = wP).d. If the firm can control both K and LP, what does the Isoquant curve look like and its slope in relative terms if LN is fixed at 243 units [IQ slope =…
In a fishery the long-run harvest function (harvest volume) is H(E) = aE – bE?, with a, b representing positive constants and E is fishing effort. Total cost is TC(E)= cE,with c being the unit cost of effort. Total revenue is TR(E) = pH(E), with p being the constant price of fish. Explain why higher levels of effort (E) beyond a certain point are associated with reductions in long-run total revenue (TR). Explain why it generally is not efficiency- maximizing for society to supply the level of fishing effort that maximizes the sustainable yield.
For a firm to maximize profit, it must minimize the cost of producing whatever quantity it produces. Use the isocost and isoquant tools to present a firm that is choosing the optimal levels of labor and capital (i.e., tools) to produce a certain quantity and a certain cost. Then, show in your diagram how this firm would respond if it were to expand and spend more on its inputs, assuming it is best for the firm to become more “capital intensive” as it grows. Comment on WHY a firm might best become more capital intensive as it expands, even when the relative prices of labor and capital remain unchanged.
Question 5: Suppose a brewery uses a Cobb-Douglas production function for his production. He studies the production process and finds the following. An additional machine-hour of fermentation capacity would increase output by 500 bottles per day (i. e. MPK = 500). An additional man-hour of labor would increase output by 1000 bottles per day (i. e. MPL = 1000). The price of a man- hour of labor is $50 per hour. The price of a machine-hour of fermentation capacity is $5 per hour. 1. Is the brewery currently minimizing its cost of production? Check using the minimization condition. 2. It turns out, the brewery is not optimally chossing the factors of production. To lower its production cost, which factor of production should the brewery increase and which factor should he decrease? 3. Suppose that the price of a machine-hour of fermentation capacity rises to $25 per hour. How does this change the answer from part 1?
Suppose that the profit from the sale of Kisses and Kreams is given by the following, where x is the number of pounds of Kisses and y is the number of pounds of Kreams. P(x, y) = 10x + 6.6y - 0.001x² -0.025y² dollars You know from previous experience that, for such a profit function, profit will be maximized at the critical point of P(x,y). (a) Determine the amounts of Kisses and Kreams that will maximize profit. pounds of Kisses pounds of Kreams (b) What is the maximum profit? (Round your answer to two decimal places.) $
Question 5: Suppose a brewery uses a Cobb-Douglas production function for his production. He studies the production process and finds the following. An additional machine-hour of fermentation capacity would increase output by 500 bottles per day (i.e. MPK = 500). An additional man-hour of labor would increase output by 1000 bottles per day (i.e. MPL = 1000). The price of a man-hour of labor is $50 per hour. The price of a machine-hour of fermentation capacity is $5 per hour. 2. It turns out, the brewery is not optimally chossing the factors of production. To lower its production cost, which factor of production should the brewery increase and which factor should he decrease?
You are an accountant for a manufacturer of radios. The demand function for the tablets is p= 40– 4x² where x is the number of tablets produced in millions. It costs the company $15 to make a tablet. (i). Write an equation for the manufacturer's profit as a function of the number of tablets produced. (ii). The company currently produces 1 million tablets and makes a profit of $21,000,000, but you would like to scale up production a bit. What greater number of tablets could the company produce to yield the same profit?
8. Consider a Firm producing a given output in the long run; the inputs employed in production are labour L, which costs w > 0 per unit, and capital K, which costs r > 0 per unit. The Firm produces a quantity Q according to the following production function: Q(K, L) = 4K/3 L²/3. Suppose the Firm's target is to produce 1,000 (Q = 1,000). (a) Find the cost-minimising combination of inputs K* and L when w = 160 and r = 80, then compute the corresponding long-run cost of production. (b) Suppose that the rental price of capital decreases to w' 20. Find the new cost-minimising input combination. (c) Use your answers to points a) and b) to calculate the firm's price elasticity of demand for capital over this range of prices (rounded to two digits).