Dung beetles are one of the most common types of prey items for burrowing owls. The owls collect bits of large mammal dung and leave them around the entrance to their burrows, where they spend long hours waiting motionless for something tasty to be lured in. A research team wanted to know whether this dung actually attracted dung beetles or whether it had another use, such as to mask the odor of owl eggs from predators (Levey et al. 2004). They added dung to 10 owls’ burrows, randomly chosen, and did not add dung to 10 other owl burrows. The researchers then counted the number of dung beetles consumed by the two types of owls over the next few days. The mean number of beetles consumed in the dung-addition group was 4.8, while the mean number was 0.51 in the control group. The standard deviations for the two groups were 3.26 and 0.89, respectively. What is an appropriate way to test for a difference in these two groups’ beetle-capture rates? Perform this test.

Dung beetles are one of the most common types of prey items for burrowing owls. The owls collect bits of large mammal dung and leave them around the entrance to their burrows, where they spend long hours waiting motionless for something tasty to be lured in. A research team wanted to know whether this dung actually attracted dung beetles or whether it had another use, such as to mask the odor of owl eggs from predators (Levey et al. 2004). They added dung to 10 owls’ burrows, randomly chosen, and did not add dung to 10 other owl burrows. The researchers then counted the number of dung beetles consumed by the two types of owls over the next few days. The mean number of beetles consumed in the dung-addition group was 4.8, while the mean number was 0.51 in the control group. The standard deviations for the two groups were 3.26 and 0.89, respectively. What is an appropriate way to test for a difference in these two groups’ beetle-capture rates? Perform this test.

College Algebra

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168383

Author:Jay Abramson

Publisher:Jay Abramson

Chapter9: Sequences, Probability And Counting Theory

Section9.5: Counting Principles

Problem 5SE: Answer the following questions. 5. What is the term for the arrangement that selects r objects from...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

Answer the following questions. 5. What is the term for the arrangement that selects r objects from a set of ii objects when the order of the r objects is not important? What is the formula for calculating the number of possible outcomes for this type of arrangement?
Amorphophallus johnsonii is a plant called the "corpse flower" that grows in West Africa. Its flowers produce a pungent smell described as "a powerful aroma of rotting fish and faeces". It does so to attract its pollinator, the carrion beetle (Phaeochrous amplus) which live in rotting meat. Beath (1996) observed corpse flowers (hopefully wearing masks) and counted the number of beetles that arrived at each flower over the course of one night. The data is presented below: 51, 45, 61, 76, 11, 117, 7, 132, 52, 149 the mean of this sample is 70.1 beetles the standard deviation of this sample is 48.5 beetles Use the standard deviation of the sample to approximate the standard error of the mean. 1) What is the approximate SE that you calculated? Use the SE approximation method for normal sampling distributions to calculate Confidence Intervals 2) What are the 95% Confidence Intervals for this sample mean? 3) What are the 99% Confidence Intervals for this sample mean? 4) If an expanded…
In a study, the effects of the mane of a male lion as a signal of quality to mates and rivals was explored. Four life-sized dummies of male lions provided a tool for testing female response to the unfamiliar lions whose manes varied by length (long or short) and color (blonde or dark). The female lions were observed to see whether they approached each of the four life-sized dummies. Complete parts (a) through (e) below. a. Identify the experimental units. Choose the correct answer below. The female lions The male dummies The mane colors The mane lengths Part 2 b. Identify the response variable. Choose the correct answer below. A. Whether or not (yes or no) the mane length affected how the female lions reacted to a male dummy. B. Whether or not (yes or no) the female lions approached the same dummies. C. Whether or not (yes or no) the female lions approached a male dummy. D. Whether or not…
Researchers wanted to determine whether fence lizards learned to avoid fire ants. To determine this, they gathered lizards from eastern Arkansas (where there were no fire ants), and from southern Alabama (which had been invaded by fire ants). The lizards were then exposed to fire ants, and researchers measured how long (in seconds) it took the lizards to flee. The researchers observed that the lizards from Alabama had an average response time of 32 seconds, and the lizards from Arkansas had an average response time of 44 seconds. Using this, which of the following is closest to the P-value for this hypothesis test? Choice 1:0.5 Choice 2:0.005 Choice 3:0.05 Choice 4:1 Choice 5:0.01 Which is the correct choice and why?
To determine the effectiveness of an oil additive, a testing firm purchased two cars of the same make, year, and model, and drove each a distance of 30,000 miles using the same kind of gasoline, the same kind of oil, the same driver, under the same road conditions. The oil in one engine included the additive, whereas the oil in the other engine did not. At the end of the test, the engines of both cars were dismantled, and it was found that the engine that contained the additive had less wear. The testing firm concluded that the oil additive caused the reduced wear. Construct a table that supports this conclusion. Which one of Mill's methods did the testing firm use? What sense of causality is involved in the conclusion?
Which model—the one for parliaments or the one for ministries (or cabinets)—presented in the article has the greater explanatory power? How can you tell?
What determines how much money a family spends on holiday? In a survey, a sample of 30 families were asked to keep a record of their spending during a one-week holiday and report their total spending at the end of the week. The researchers hypothesised that wealthier families tend to spend more, and that families who tend to spend most of the time in one town tend to spend less than those who travel around to see sight at several different places. Therefore, the respondents were asked to report the net monthly income of the family as well as the number of different settlements (villages, towns, and cities) that they visited during the week. A multiple linear regression model revealed that both income and the amount of travelling are significantly related to total spending. The researchers, however, also hypothesised that the two independent variables may interact. The printout below shows the SPSS output for fitting an interaction model to the data. < Model 1 Model 1 R .866ª Model 1…
Which type of fast-food chain fills orders most accurately at the drive-thru window? The Quick Service Restaurant (QSR) magazine drive-thru study visits restaurants in the largest fast-food chains in all 50 states. Visits occurred throughout the day, starting at 11:00 A.M and ending at 2:30 A.M. During each visit, the researcher ordered a main item, a side item, and a drink and made a minor special request such as a beverage with no ice. After receiving the order, all food and drink items were checked for complete accuracy. Any food or drink item received that was not exactly as ordered resulted in the order being classified as inaccurate. Also included in the measurement of accuracy were condiments asked for, napkins, straws, and correct change. Any errors in these resulted in the order being classified as innacurate. In 2015, the ethnic category including Del Taco, El Pollo Loco, Fazoli's, Panda Express, Taco Bell, and Taco John's had the fewest inaccuracies, with only 42 of 457…
Many animals, including humans, tend to avoid directeye contact and even patterns that look like eyes.Some insects, including moths, have evolved eye-spotpatterns on their wings to help ward off predators.Scaife (1976) reports a study examining how eye-spotpatterns affect the behavior of birds. In the study, thebirds were tested in a box with two chambers andwere free to move from one chamber to another. Inone chamber, two large eye-spots were painted onone wall. The other chamber had plain walls. Theresearcher recorded the amount of time each birdspent in the plain chamber during a 60-minute session.Suppose the study produced a mean of M = 34.5 minutes on the plain chamber with SS = 210 for a sample of n = 15 birds. (Note: If the eye spots have no effect,then the birds should spend an average of μ = 30minutes in each chamber.)a. Is this sample sufficient to conclude that the eyespots have a significant influence on the birds’behavior? Use a two-tailed test with α = .05.b. Compute the…
A team of psychologists studied the concept of visualization in basketball, where players visualize making a basket before shooting the ball. They conducted an experiment in which 20 basketball players with similar abilities were randomly assigned to two groups. The 10 players in group 1 received visualization training, and the 10 players in group 2 did not. Each player stood 22 feet from the basket at the same location on the basketball court. Each player was then instructed to attempt to make the basket until two consecutive baskets were made. The players who received visualization training were instructed to use visualization techniques before attempting to make the basket. The total number of attempts, including the last two attempts, were recorded for each player. The total number of attempts for each of the 20 players are summarized in the following boxplots. (a) Based on the boxplots, did basketball players who received visualization training tend to need fewer attempts…
Some people seem to believe that you can fix anything with duct tape. Even so, many were skeptical when researchers announced that duct tape may be a more effective and less painful alternative than liquid nitrogen, which doctors routinely use to freeze warts. An article described a study conducted at a medical center. Patients with warts were randomly assigned to either the duct tape treatment or the more traditional freezing treatment. Those in the duct tape group wore duct tape over the wart for 6 days, then removed the tape, soaked the area in water, and used an emery board to scrape the area. This process was repeated for a maximum of 2 months or until the wart was gone. Data consistent with values in the article are summarized in the following table. Treatment n Number with WartSuccessfully Removed Liquid nitrogen freezing 103 60 Duct Tape 101 88 Do these data suggest that freezing is less successful than duct tape in removing warts? Test the relevant hypotheses using…
Some people seem to believe that you can fix anything with duct tape. Even so, many were skeptical when researchers announced that duct tape may be a more effective and less painful alternative than liquid nitrogen, which doctors routinely use to freeze warts. An article described a study conducted at a medical center. Patients with warts were randomly assigned to either the duct tape treatment or the more traditional freezing treatment. Those in the duct tape group wore duct tape over the wart for 6 days, then removed the tape, soaked the area in water, and used an emery board to scrape the area. This process was repeated for a maximum of 2 months or until the wart was gone. Data consistent with values in the article are summarized in the following table. Treatment Z = Liquid nitrogen freezing Duct Tape USE SALT n 106 100 Number with Wart Successfully Removed 60 88 .) Do these data suggest that freezing is less successful than duct tape in removing warts? Test the relevant hypotheses…