Drivers by Product Estimated Use Estimated Overhead of Activity Cost Pools Cost Drivers Cost Drivers Home Commercial Receiving Pounds $90,450 335,000 215,000 120,000 Forming Machine hours 150,850 35,000 27,000 8,000 Assembling Number of parts 405,790 217,000 165,000 52,000 Testing Number of tests 51,000 25,500 15,500 10,000 Painting Gallons 57,838 5,258 3,680 1,578 Packing and shipping Pounds 820,750 335,000 215,000 120,000 $1,576,678
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Variance Analysis
In layman's terms, variance analysis is an analysis of a difference between planned and actual behavior. Variance analysis is mainly used by the companies to maintain a control over a business. After analyzing differences, companies find the reasons for the variance so that the necessary steps should be taken to correct that variance.
Standard Costing
The standard cost system is the expected cost per unit product manufactured and it helps in estimating the deviations and controlling them as well as fixing the selling price of the product. For example, it helps to plan the cost for the coming year on the various expenses.
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- Waterway Fire, Inc. manufactures steel cylinders and nozzles for two models of fire extinguishers: (1) a home fire extinguisher and (2) a commercial fire extinguisher. The home model is a high-volume (54,000 units), half-gallon cylinder that holds 2 1/2 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 480 PSI. The commercial model is a low-volume (10,200 units), two-gallon cylinder that holds 10 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 390 PSI. Both products require 1.5 hours of direct labor for completion. Therefore, total annual direct labor hours are 96,300 or [1.5 hoursx (54,000 + 10,200)]. Estimated annual manufacturing overhead is $1,573,108. Thus, the predetermined overhead rate is $16.34 or ($1,573,108 +96,300) per direct labor hour. The direct materials cost per unit is $18.50 for the home model and $26.50 for the commercial model. The direct labor cost is $19 per unit for both the home and the commercial models. The company's managers identified six activity cost pools and related cost…Waterway Fire, Inc. manufactures steel cylinders and nozzles for two models of fire extinguishers: (1) a home fire extinguisher and (2) a commercial fire extinguisher. The home model is a high-volume (54,000 units), half-gallon cylinder that holds 2 1/2 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 480 PSI. The commercial model is a low-volume (10,200 units), two-gallon cylinder that holds 10 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 390 PSI. Both products require 1.5 hours of direct labor for completion. Therefore, total annual direct labor hours are 96,300 or [1.5 hours x (54,000 + 10,200)]. Estimated annual manufacturing overhead is $1,573,108. Thus, the predetermined overhead rate is $16.34 or ($1,573,108 +96,300) per direct labor hour. The direct materials cost per unit is $18.50 for the home model and $26.50 for the commercial model. The direct labor cost is $19 per unit for both the home and the commercial models. The company's managers identified six activity cost pools and related…Combat Fire, Inc. manufactures steel cylinders and nozzles for two models of fire extinguishers: (1) a home fire extinguisher and (2) a commercial fire extinguisher. The home model is a high-volume (54,000 units), half-gallon cylinder that holds 2 1/2 pounds of multi- purpose dry chemical at 480 PSI. The commercial model is a low-volume (10,200 units), two-gallon cylinder that holds 10 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 390 PSI. Both products require 1.5 hours of direct labor for completion. Therefore, total annual direct labor hours are 96,300 or [1.5 hours x (54,000 + 10,200)]. Estimated annual manufacturing overhead is $1,583,096. Thus, the predetermined overhead rate is $16.44 or ($1,583,096 +96,300) per direct labor hour. The direct materials cost per unit is $18.50 for the home model and $26.50 for the commercial model. The direct labor cost is $19 per unit for both the home and the commercial models. The company's managers identified six activity cost pools and related cost…
- Waterway Fire, Inc. manufactures steel cylinders and nozzles for two models of fire extinguishers: (1) a home fire extinguisher and (2) a commercial fire extinguisher. The home model is a high-volume (54,000 units), half-gallon cylinder that holds 2 1/2 pounds of multi- purpose dry chemical at 480 PSI. The commercial model is a low-volume (10,200 units), two-gallon cylinder that holds 10 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 390 PSI. Both products require 1.5 hours of direct labor for completion. Therefore, total annual direct labor hours are 96,300 or [1.5 hours x (54,000+ 10,200)]. Estimated annual manufacturing overhead is $1,573,108. Thus, the predetermined overhead rate is $16.34 or ($1,573,108 ÷96,300) per direct labor hour. The direct materials cost per unit is $18.50 for the home model and $26.50 for the commercial model. The direct labor cost is $19 per unit for both the home and the commercial models. The company's managers identified six activity cost pools and related…Combat Fire, Inc. manufactures steel cylinders and nozzles for two models of fire extinguishers: (1) a home fire extinguisher and (2) a commercial fire extinguisher. The home model is a high-volume (54,000 units), half-gallon cylinder that holds 2 1/2 pounds of multi- purpose dry chemical at 480 PSI. The commercial model is a low-volume (10,200 units), two-gallon cylinder that holds 10 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 390 PSI. Both products require 1.5 hours of direct labor for completion. Therefore, total annual direct labor hours are 96,300 or (1.5 hours x (54,000 + 10,200)). Estimated annual manufacturing overhead is $ 1,585,316. Thus, the predetermined overhead rate is $ 16.46 or ($ 1,585,316 - 96,300) per direct labor hour. The direct materials cost per unit is $18.50 for the home model and $26.50 for the commercial model. The direct labor cost is $19 per unit for both the home and the commercial models. The company's managers identified six activity cost pools and related…Combat Fire, Inc. manufactures steel cylinders and nozzles for two models of fire extinguishers: (1) a home fire extinguisher and (2) a commercial fire extinguisher. The home model is a high-volume (54,000 units), half-gallon cylinder that holds 2 1/2 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 480 PSI. The commercial model is a low-volume (10,200 units), two-gallon cylinder that holds 10 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 390 PSI. Both products require 1.5 hours of direct labor for completion. Therefore, total annual direct labor hours are 96,300 or [1.5 hours × (54,000 + 10,200)]. Estimated annual manufacturing overhead is $ 1,585,316. Thus, the predetermined overhead rate is $ 16.46 or ($ 1,585,316 ÷ 96,300) per direct labor hour. The direct materials cost per unit is $18.50 for the home model and $26.50 for the commercial model. The direct labor cost is $19 per unit for both the home and the commercial models.The company’s managers identified six activity cost pools and related…
- Combat Fire, Inc. manufactures steel cylinders and nozzles for two models of fire extinguishers: (1) a home fire extinguisher and (2) a commercial fire extinguisher. The home model is a high-volume (54,000 units), half-gallon cylinder that holds 2 1/2 pounds of multi- purpose dry chemical at 480 PSI. The commercial model is a low-volume (10,200 units), two-gallon cylinder that holds 10 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 390 PSI. Both products require 1.5 hours of direct labor for completion. Therefore, total annual direct labor hours are 96,300 or [1.5 hours x (54,000 + 10,200)]. Estimated annual manufacturing overhead is $1,584,280. Thus, the predetermined overhead rate is $16.45 or ($1,584,280÷96,300) per direct labor hour. The direct materials cost per unit is $18.50 for the home model and $26.50 for the commercial model. The direct labor cost is $19 per unit for both the home and the commercial models. (a) The company's managers identified six activity cost pools and related…Swifty Fire, Inc. manufactures steel cylinders and nozzles for two models of fire extinguishers: (1) a home fire extinguisher and (2) a commercial fire extinguisher. The home model is a high-volume (54,000 units), half-gallon cylinder that holds 2 1/2 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 480 PSI. The commercial model is a low-volume (10,200 units), two-gallon cylinder that holds 10 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 390 PSI. Both products require 1.5 hours of direct labor for completion. Therefore, total annual direct labor hours are 96,300 or [1.5 hours × (54,000 + 10,200)]. Estimated annual manufacturing overhead is $1,569,040. Thus, the predetermined overhead rate is $16.29 or ($1,569,040 ÷ 96,300) per direct labor hour. The direct materials cost per unit is $18.50 for the home model and $26.50 for the commercial model. The direct labor cost is $19 per unit for both the home and the commercial models.The company’s managers identified six activity cost pools and related cost…Combat Fire, Inc. manufactures steel cylinders and nozzles for two models of fire extinguishers: (1) a home fire extinguisher and (2) a commercial fire extinguisher. The home model is a high-volume (54,000 units), half-gallon cylinder that holds 2 1/2 pounds of multi- purpose dry chemical at 480 PSI. The commercial model is a low-volume (10,200 units), two-gallon cylinder that holds 10 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 390 PSI. Both products require 1.5 hours of direct labor for completion. Therefore, total annual direct labor hours are 96,300 or (1.5 hours x (54,000 + 10,200)). Estimated annual manufacturing overhead is $ 1,585,316. Thus, the predetermined overhead rate is $ 16.46 or ($ 1,585,316 - 96,300) per direct labor hour. The direct materials cost per unit is $18.50 for the home model and $26.50 for the commercial model. The direct labor cost is $19 per unit for both the home and the commercial models. The company's managers identified six activity cost pools and related…
- Swifty Fire, Inc. manufactures steel cylinders and nozzles for two models of fire extinguishers: (1) a home fire extinguisher and (2) a commercial fire extinguisher. The home model is a high-volume (54,000 units), half-gallon cylinder that holds 2 1/2 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 480 PSI. The commercial model is a low-volume (10,200 units), two-gallon cylinder that holds 10 pounds of multi-purpose dry chemical at 390 PSI. Both products require 1.5 hours of direct labor for completion. Therefore, total annual direct labor hours are 96,300 or [1.5 hours × (54,000 + 10,200)]. Estimated annual manufacturing overhead is $1,569,040. Thus, the predetermined overhead rate is $16.29 or ($1,569,040 ÷ 96,300) per direct labor hour. The direct materials cost per unit is $18.50 for the home model and $26.50 for the commercial model. The direct labor cost is $19 per unit for both the home and the commercial models.The company’s managers identified six activity cost pools and related cost…ABC Chemical Company manufactures industrial chemicals. The company plans to introduce a new chemical solution and needs to develop a standard product cost. The new chemical solution is made by combining a chemical compound (nyclyn) with a solution (salex), heating the mixture to boiling point, adding a second compound (protet), and bottling the resulting solution in 15-litre containers. The initial mix, which is 12 litres in volume, consists of 14 kilograms of nyclyn and 11.6 litres of salex. A 1-litre reduction in volume occurs during the boiling process. The solution is cooled slightly before 8 kilograms of protet are added. The protet evaporates, so it does not affect the total liquid volume. The purchase prices of the raw materials used in the manufacture of this new chemical solution are as follows: Nyclyn $4.90 per kilogram Salex $5.60 per litre Protet $6.80 per kilogram a. 102.36 b. None of the answers given c. 98.36 d. 93.36Iraq Inc. makes recyclable pots for plants and uses JIT to manage inventories and production. The following are standards for a typical 1-gallon pot: Annual Material Standards 32 ounces of Component X* $0.02 2 ounces of Component Y * $0.05 $0.64 0.10 $0.74 Current Material Standards 27 ounces of Component X* $0.02 . 4 ounces of Component Y* $0.05 $0.54 0.20 $0.74 In-house experiments indicated that changing the material standard would make the pots stronger, so the company issued an engineering change order for the product in February; this ECO established the current material standards. March production was 8,000 pots. Usage of raw material (all purchased at standard price) in March was 220,000 ounces of Component X and 31,000 ounces of Component Y. Required: a. Calculate the material quantity variance. b. Calculate the ECO variance. c. Summarize the company's effectiveness in managing March production costs. d. Comment on the circumstances in which a company would institute an ECO…