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Do the antigen protein vaccines contain all the proteins in the virus? If not, which protein(s) do they contain?
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- What part of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a potential target site for a vaccine? Explain your reasoning; include in your discussion the following terms: antigen, epitope, and antibody.How does having this additional information make the vaccine more effective?Most vaccines are designed to be preventative or prophylactic. What does this mean?
- Efforts to produce an HIV vaccine have met with limited success. What aspects of the virus and its replicative strategy make it difficult to produce a vaccine against HIV? What other kind of virus might be similarly different to vaccinate against? What similarities and differences exist between the two types of virus that account for the differences in vaccine production?Viruses can easily mutate exchange genetic material, mechanisms referred to as antigenic drift and antigenic shift. These changes allow the virus to evade the immune system defenses. Match each term with the correct definition Antigenic drift [ Choose ] [Choose ] Different strains of a virus or strain of different viruses, combine and form a new strain that now has a mixture of the surface antigens Antigenic shift The virus changes genetically by accumulating mutations within the genes that code for antibody-binding sitesa) How virus vaccine, under immune system processes (via dendritic cells, T-Cells and B-Cells), can help people against real virus infection. b) Structure of SARS-CoV-2 and their entry process on host cells. Then, if you choose onetype of virus protein (spikes, nucleocapsid, membrane or envelope) should be used for vaccine,which is the best candidate? Why?
- Let’s say there are two closely related viruses, let’s call them Guernsey virus and Micro virus. These two viruses only infect epithelial cells. Their surface antigens are sufficiently similar that there are a number of shared epitopes between the two viruses. Choose one of the following: A) If you get infected and successfully recover from one virus, it’s quite possible that you’ll have neutralizing antibodies against the other. B) If you get infected and successfully recover from one virus, you’ll still be susceptible to the other one because the antigens aren’t exactly the same. C) If you get infected and successfully recover from one virus, it’s likely that getting infected with the other virus will be worse because of the common phenomena of antibody-dependent enhancement. D) Not enough information has been given.How is a vaccine createdYou have been hired by a major pharmaceutical company to develop a new vaccine toprevent COVID-19 infection and spread.a. What is a virus? Describe the viral life cycle. (3 marks)b. Describe the difference between an antiviral drug and a vaccine. (1 mark)c. What are three qualities you would prioritize when developing this new vaccine forCOVID-19 that you would want in the end-product? (6 marks) Note: Qualities should be overarching characteristics of the developed drug, not specifics regarding various molecular mechanisms of action
- We are close to having 2 RNA vaccines for covid. (8 pts) Use what we know about the chemical nature of RNA to explain why an RNA virus would be a challenge to store. Will an RNA vaccine alter the genome of vaccination recipients? Explain with a few words.Answer the question in below and explain your answer in details with examples. Explain 3 types of vaccines that will be used against corona virus. compare whole virus(Sinovax), protein subunit(Novavax) and viral vector(AstraZeneca. explain their similarities and diffferences in detail.which would you pick, support your answer.Many pharmaceutical companies are trying to produce vaccine against Corona virus (COVID-19) but they are facing problems to find an effective, safe and universal vaccine. Explain