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- Suppose that • The employee has an outside offer to work for $27 per hour, for 1500 hours per year The employee currently works for $20 per hour, for 2000 hours per year The switching cost can be either high ($1'000) or low ($50) • The high switching cost has probability 40%; the low switching cost 60% Suppose that the cost of losing the employee is $800. What is the employer expected payoff from choosing not to match the outside offer?First Player can invest $1.00 with Second Player (low reliance) or $2.00 (high reliance). Based on the payoffs shown below, what is the probability of performance that makes High Reliance optimal? Write your answer as a two digit integer. E.g., if the answer is 33%, write 33. Second Player Perform Breach Invest & Low Reliance 0.25 1.0 First Player 0.25 -1.0 Invest & High Reliance 0.5 1.0 0.75 -2.0Scenario 17.5 Consider the following information: Income to the firm from workers who sell door-to-door Bad Luck Good Luck Low Effort (e = :0) $5,000 $7,000 High Effort (e = 1) $7,000 $13,000 Cost of effort: c = $2500e Probabilities: Bad luck = .75; Good luck = .25 A principal-agent problem arises in the situation in Scenario 17.5 because: O the principal can measure effort and output; the agent can measure only output. O the principal can measure only effort, and the agent can measure only output. the principal can measure only output, and the agent can measure effort and output. neither the principal nor the agent can measure effort. O neither the principal nor the agent can measure output.
- A risk-eutral plaintiff in a lawsuit must decide whether to settle a claim or go to trial. The defendants offer $70,000 to settle now. If the plaintiff does not settle, the plaintiff believes that the probability of winning at trial is 40%. If the plaintiff wins, the amount awarded to the plaintiff is X. Will the plaintiff settle if X is $87,500? What if X= $280,000? What is the critical value of X that would make the plaintiff indifferent between settling and going to trial? If the plaintiff were risk averse instead of risk neutral, would this critical value of X be higher or lower? If the amount to be awarded at trial with a win (X) were $87,500, then the plaintiff would settle If the amount to be awarded at trial with a win (X) were $280,000, then the plaintiff would not settle The critical value of X that would make the plaintiff indifferent between settling and going to trial is $. (Enter your response using rounded to two decimal places.)In a final round of a MegaMillion TV show, a contestant has won $1 millionand has a chance of doubling the reward. If he loses his winnings drop to$500,000. The contestant thinks his chances of winning are 50%. Should heplay? What is the lowest probability of a correct guess that will make his betprofitable? Show workA risk-neutral plaintiff in a lawsuit must decide whether to settle a claim or go to trial. The defendants offer $50,000 to settle now. If the plaintiff does not settle, the plaintiff believes that the probability of winning at trial is 50% if the plaintiff wins, the amount awarded to the plaintiff is X Will the plaintif settle if x is $62,500? What if X-$250,000? What is the critical value of X that would make the plaintiff indifferent between setting and going to trial? it the plaintiff were risk averse instead of risk neutral, would this critical value of X be higher or lower? If the amount to be awarded at trial with a win (X) were $62,500, then the plaintiff would settle If the amount to be awarded at trial with a win (X) were $250,000, then the plaintiff would not settle The critical value of X that would make the plaintiff indifferent between settling and going to trial is $ (Enter your response using rounded to wo decimal places)
- In the final round of a TV game show, contestantshave a chance to increase their current winnings of$1 million to $2 million. If they are wrong, theirprize is decreased to $500,000. A contestant thinkshis guess will be right 50% of the time. Should heplay? What is the lowest probability of a correctguess that would make playing profitable?The ultimatum game is a game in economic experiments. The first player (the proposer) receives a sum of money and proposes a fair proposal (F - 5;5) or unfair proposal (U - 8;2). The second player (the responder) chooses to either accept (A) or reject (R) this proposal. If the second player accepts, the money is split according to the proposal. If the second player rejects, neither player receives any money. 1 A 5:5 2 F R 0:0 U A 8:2 2 1. Find the subgame perfect Nash Equilibrium using backward induction. R 0;0Wayne Enterprises had several salespersons that worked for a contract salary. To encourage them to make more sales, Wayne offered a $5,000 bonus to the salesperson who had the highest total dollar value the following month. That next month, Wendy had the highest sales. When Wendy received her next paycheck, there was no bonus. If Wendy sues Wayne to recover the $5,000 bonus, the likely result will be A. Wendy will lose because she already had a contract so there was no consideration B. Wendy will win because the offer of a bonus for high sales constituted consideration because it entailed additional performance by both parties C. Wendy will lose unless the promise was in writing. D. Wendy will win because of moral consideration
- QUESTION 12 Suppose that a worker value jobs by both the wage rate and the workplace collegiality. The woker's utility is strictly increasing in the wage rate but strictly decreasing in the chance of being bullied in the workplace. The utility function of the worker is U = wa (1- ), where a = 0.5, w is the wage rate and b is the probability that a worker is bullied in a workplace. Suppose for a typical job A, the chance of getting bullied is 0.01, and the wage rate is 100. Which of the following statements is correct? If job B offer w = 121 and b = 0.04, the worker would prefer job B to job A %3D If job B offer w = 144 and b = 0.09, the worker would prefer job B to job A %3D If job B offer w = 80 and b = 0, the worker would prefer job B to job A If job B has bullying probablity b = 0.04, the worker is indifferent between job A and job B. Then, the compensating wage differential of job B is at least 25. %3D If job B offer w = 80 and b = 0, the worker would be indifferent between job A…Suppose that you graduate from college next year and you have two career options: 1) You will start a job in an investment bank paying a $100,000 annual salary. 2) You will start a Ph.D. in economics and, as a student, you will receive a $20,000 salary. You are bad with decisions, so you are letting a friend of yours decide for you by flipping a coin. The probabilities of options 1 and 2 are, therefore, each 50%. a) Illustrate, using indifference curves, your preferences regarding consumption choices in the two different states of the world. Assume that you are risk-averse. [Include also the 45 degrees line in your figure] b) Now show how the indifference curves would change if you were substantially more risk averse than before. Explain. c) Now show the indifference curves if you are risk neutral and if you are risk loving. d) Show your expected utility preferences from point a) mathematically.QUESTION 1 A risk neutral worker has a reservation wage of 500 and a cost of high effort of 160. Depending on the effort put by the worker and some random luck factor, the employer will earn 2500 (if the worker puts high effort and he gets lucky), or 1500 (if the worker puts high effort and he gets unlucky OR if the worker puts low effort and he gets lucky), or 500 (if the worker puts low effort and he gets unlucky). Assume the worker gets lucky with probability 0.6. The employer wants to incentivize the worker to put high effort and decides to pay the worker an incentive contract comprised of a fixed wage of $500 plus a bonus paid only if the profit of 2500 is realized. Calculate the optimal such bonus that the employer should pay, if it wants to incentivize the worker and maximize its profits at the same time. Round your answer to 2 decimals, if needed. QUESTION 2 Assume that after buying insurance, drivers can choose to drive safely or drive recklessly. Driving safely or recklessly,…