The Beauty of an expert Hand written solution is not allowed. Consider the formula for the interest rate gap:Gap= Amount of IR-sensitive Assets - Amount of IR-sensitive LiabilitiesBanks would like to have a negative gap if they expect that future interest rates willinterest rate-sensitive assets than interest rate-sensitive liabilities.Now consider the formula for the duration gap:Duration gap = Asset Duration - Liability Duration xLiabilityAsset. This means that banks should holdwhere Asset is the market value of the asset, Liability is the market value of the liability, and duration is the weighted averageΣχ. (1+1)Paymentof times until payment, with their weights proportionate to the present value of the payment: Duration =t=!nРазмениt=1(1+r)The duration formula implies that if interest rates increase, duration willthe gap will increase, if the interest rate change affects the value of the bank's assetsliabilities.The duration gap formula implies that, ceteris paribus,than it affects the value of its

Interest Rate Gap and Duration Gap are two crucial concepts in risk management for banks,…

Answered: Consider the formula for the interest…

Principles of Macroeconomics (MindTap Course List)

7th Edition

ISBN:9781285165912

Author:N. Gregory Mankiw

Publisher:N. Gregory Mankiw

Chapter16: The Monetary System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5PA

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Assuming an economy have only two commercial banks in it banking system, Classic Bank and Prudent Bank. The following shows the balance sheet of the two banks as at 2019.Classic BankBalance sheet as at December, 2019GHSm GHSmAssets: Liabilities & Equity:Reserves 1,000 Deposits 3,000Securities 2,000 Equity 7,000Loans & Advances 1,000Property, Plant and Equipment 6,000 .10,000 10,000 Prudent BankBalance sheet as at December, 2019GHSm GHSmAssets: Liabilities & Equity:Reserves 600 Deposits 2,500Securities 1,500 Equity 4,400Loans & Advances 800Property, Plant and Equipment 4,000 .6,900 6,900Assume a required reserve ratio of 10%.(a) What is the amount of excess reserves in this commercial banking system? (b)What is the maximum amount that the money supply can be expanded? What would be the effect of a fall in reserve ratio to 5%, on the maximum amount that the money supply can be expanded? (c) Determine the stock of broad money supply assuming the non-bank public holds…
The demand curve and supply curve for one-year discount bonds with a face value of $1,050 are representedby the following equations:Bd: Price = -0.8 * Quantity + 1160Bs: Price = Quantity + 720Suppose that, as a result of monetary policy actions, theFederal Reserve sells 90 bonds that it holds. Assume thatbond demand and money demand are held constant.a. How does the Federal Reserve policy affect the bondsupply equation?b. Calculate the effect on the equilibrium interest rate in this market, as a result of the FederalReserve action.
Which of the following factors pose a limit on the ability of commercial banks to increase the quantity of money in circulation by extending new loans? Select one or more: a. the quantity of Central Bank reserves that they own b. the quantity of money that savers lent to them by opening deposits c. the behavior of households and firms, which reduce the quantity of money in circulation by repaying previous loans. d. the availability of profitable lending opportunities in the economy e. the willingness of household and firms to take up new debts at the given interest rate
Suppose that after a few mergers and acquisitions, onlyone bank holds 70% of all deposits in the United States.Would you say that this bank would be considered toobig to fail? What does this tell you about the ongoingprocess of financial consolidation and the governmentsafety net?
12. what factors motivate the central bank to require tge two selected Dls to hold minimum amounys of liquid assets?
3. The demand curve and supply curve for one-year discount bonds witha face value of $1,050 are represented by the following equations:Bd: P rice = −0.8 × Quantity + 1160Bs: P rice = Quantity + 720Suppose that, as a result of monetary policy actions, the FederalReserve sells 90 bonds that it holds. Assume that bond demand andmoney demand are held constant.a. How does the Federal Reserve policy affect the bond supply equation?b. Calculate the effect on the equilibrium interest rate in this market,as a result of the Federal Reserve action
• Suppose that a person’s wealth is $50,000 and that her yearlyincome is $60,000. Also suppose that her money demand functionis given by Md = $Y10.35 - i2Derive the demand for bonds. Suppose the interest rate increases by 10 percentage points. What is the effect on her demand for bonds?What are the effects of an increase in income on her demand for money and her demand for bonds? Explain in words
Explain how the following events will affect the demandfor money according to the portfolio theories of moneydemand:a. The economy experiences a business cycle contraction.b. Brokerage fees decline, making bond transactionscheaper.c. The stock market crashes. (Hint: Consider both theincrease in stock price volatility following a marketcrash and the decrease in wealth of stockholders.)
7. The Federal Reserve has raised the Federal Funds rate by 3.75 percent within the past year. Ifa bank had capital of 10 percent when the Fed began raising rates and has no loans at risk ofdefault, under what circumstances will its capital position be compromised? Please be specific.8. How do rising interest rates affect the size of real estate loans that lenders will advance?Again, be specific.9. Mortgage rates have risen by about 4 percent over the past year. Does that mean that theacceptable minimum appreciation rate for looking at owner housing relative to renting hasrisen by 4 percent? Why or why not? (Hint: think about our analysis of the buy-rent decision).10. You are evaluating a CMBS. Beyond the standard metrics (i.e., LTV, DCI, etc.), name twothings to consider in evaluating the security.
Assume we have a simplified banking system inbalance-sheet equilibrium. Also assume that allbanks are subject to a uniform 10 percent reserverequirement and demand deposits are the onlyform of money. A commercial bank receiving anew demand deposit of $100 would be able toextend new loans in the amount ofa. $10.b. $90.c. $100.d. $1,000.
Predict what will happen to interest rates on a corporation’s bonds if the federal government guaranteestoday that it will pay creditors if the corporation goesbankrupt in the future. What will happen to the interestrates on Treasury securities?
4. Using the same demand curve and supply curve information from question 4, for one-year GASCOHER ‘bonds with a face value of $1.000 B BY: Price = Quantity + 400 Suppose that, a3 a result of monetary policy actions, the Federal Reserve reduces the bonds by 40. Assume that bond demand is constant a How does the Federal Reserve policy affect the bond supply equation? b, Calculate the effect of the Federal Reserve's action on the equilibrium quantity, price and interest rate in this market

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