Ch 20. Carboxylic Acids and NitrilesPreparation of carboxylic acid- Primary alcohol: to carboxylic acid by strong oxidation reagents such as CrO3(Secondary alcohol: oxidized to ketone)- Carboxylation of Grignard Reagents (with CO₂)R-MgBr + O=C=O → RCO₂HBr1. Mg, ether2. CO₂3. H₂O*- Aromatic alkyl group oxidized into benzoic acid by KMnO4Ph-R + KMnO4 → Ph-CO₂HKMnO4Nitriles reactions- Acidic water oxidized nitriles into carboxylic acid R-CN → R-CO₂HCN H₂0*heat- LiAlH4 reduces nitrile into amine (R-CH₂NH₂)

Given are organic reactions. Given reactions involves synthesis of carboxylic acid.

Br 1. Mg, ether 2. CO₂ 3. H₂O* omatic alkyl group oxidized into benzoic acid by KMnO4 Ph-R + KMnO4 → Ph-CO₂H KMnO4 eactions idic water oxidized nitriles into carboxylic acid R-CNR- CN H₂O* heat IH. reduces nitrile into amine (R-CH₂NH₂)

Br 1. Mg, ether 2. CO₂ 3. H₂O* omatic alkyl group oxidized into benzoic acid by KMnO4 Ph-R + KMnO4 → Ph-CO₂H KMnO4 eactions idic water oxidized nitriles into carboxylic acid R-CNR- CN H₂O* heat IH. reduces nitrile into amine (R-CH₂NH₂)

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781305079243

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl

Chapter21: Organic And Biological Molecules

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5RQ: What functional group distinguishes each of the following hydrocarbon derivatives? a....

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Question

Ch 20. Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles
Preparation of carboxylic acid
- Primary alcohol: to carboxylic acid by strong oxidation reagents such as CrO3
(Secondary alcohol: oxidized to ketone)
- Carboxylation of Grignard Reagents (with CO₂)
R-MgBr + O=C=O → RCO₂H
Br
1. Mg, ether
2. CO₂
3. H₂O*
- Aromatic alkyl group oxidized into benzoic acid by KMnO4
Ph-R + KMnO4 → Ph-CO₂H
KMnO4
Nitriles reactions
- Acidic water oxidized nitriles into carboxylic acid R-CN → R-CO₂H
CN H₂0*
heat
- LiAlH4 reduces nitrile into amine (R-CH₂NH₂)

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