Answer the Following and provide solution. 1. The maximum frequency deviation of the carrier is ± 15 kHz and the maximum modulating frequency is 3 kHz, calculate for the modulation index. 2. Assume that the 60-dB bandwidth of a receiver is 12 kHz and the 6-dB bandwidth is 7 kHz. What is the shape factor of the circuit? 3. What is the bandwidth of a receiver with a quality factor of 50 and a resonance frequency of 540 kHz. 4. What is the maximum bandwidth of an FM signal with a deviation of 27 kHz and a maximum modulating signal of 4 kHz as determined by Carson’s rule? 5. A PM signal has a maximum allowed deviation of 17 kHz and an actual deviation of 8 kHz. What is the percentage modulation?

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Frequency Modulation

Frequency modulation is a method or process of encoding the data of a specific signal (analog or digital) by modulating the carrier wave frequency according to the frequency of the modulated signal. Modulated signals are nothing more than information or data that should be conveyed after being converted into electronic signals.