An Electrical Utility Startup Problem A problem faced by an electrical utility company each day is that of deciding which generators to start up. The utility in question has five generators with the characteristics shown in the following table. If any Megawatt-hours (MW-hr) are produced by a generator, the generator must be started up and the fixed startup cost is incurred. At least 8600 MW-hrs must be generated today. Set up and solve a linear spreadsheet model (with some binary variables) to determine the operating plan that will minimize their overall costs. For full credit, the model must be linear (no multiplication of changing cells, no IF statements, no MAX statements, etc.). Fixed Startup Cost Cost per MW-hr Generated Maximum Capacity (MW-hr) Generator A $2400 $10 2100 Generator B $2800 $9 2400 Generator Generator C D $4000 $3350 $8 $10 2700 3100 Generator E $1700 $11 3700
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- Chapter 5. (M/M/s/K Model). Leia is responsible for 12 computers in the IT offices in a small business called DataWish. Each computer runs on an average for 4 weeks and requires an average of ½ or 0.5 weeks to get reset by Leia before it can start up again. If we assign the Poisson distribution to the “arrival” of each computer for service and an exponential distribution to the actual service provided, answer the following questions: a. The arrival rate would be units per week and the service rate would be units per week. b. Calculate the following operating characteristics for the M/M/s/K system: Utilization Factor (ρ) % Performance Measures P0 (probability that sytem is empty) % L (average units in system) units Lq (average units waiting in queue) units W (average time in the system) weeks Wq (average time in the queue) weeks c. If we assign a cost of waiting as $750 per week per computer and $800 per week of…A worker at the State Unemployment Office isresponsible for processing a company’s forms when it opensfor business. The worker can process an average of 4 formsper week. In 2002, an average of 1.8 companies per weeksubmitted forms for processing, and the worker had abacklog of .45 week. In 2003, an average of 3.9 companiesper week submitted forms for processing, and the workerhad a 5-week backlog. The poor worker was fired and suedto get his job back. The court said that since the amount ofwork submitted to the worker had approximately doubled,the worker’s backlog should have also doubled. Since his backlog increased by more than a factor of 10, he must havebeen slacking off, so the state was justified in firing him.Use queuing theory to defend the worker (based on an actualcase!).Chapter 5. (M/M/s/K Model). Leia is responsible for 8 computers in the IT offices in a small business called DataWish. Each computer runs on an average for 3 weeks and requires an average of ½ or 0.5 weeks to get reset by Leia before it can start up again. If we assign the Poisson distribution to the "arrival" of each computer for service and an exponential distribution to the actual service provided, answer the following questions: a. The arrival rate would be units per week and the service rate would be units per week. b. Calculate the following operating characteristics for the M/M/s/K system: Utilization Factor (p) % Performance Measures PO (probability that sytem is empty) L (average units in units system) La (average units waiting in queue) units W (average time in the weeks system) Wq (average time in the queue) weeks c. If we assign a cost of waiting as $500 per week per computer and $800 per week of hiring Leia, what is the Total Time Cost per week cost of servicing the…
- Chapter 5. (M/M/s/K Model). Leia is responsible for 8 computers in the IT offices in a small business called DataWish. Each computer runs on an average for 3 weeks and requires an average of ½ or 0.5 weeks to get reset by Leia before it can start up again. If we assign the Poisson distribution to the "arrival" of each computer for service and an exponential distribution to the actual service provided, answer the following questions: a. The arrival rate would bel units per week and the service rate would be units per week. b. Calculate the following operating characteristics for the M/M/s/K system: Utilization Factor (p) Performance Measures c. If we assign a cost of waiting as $500 per week per computer and $800 per week of hiring Leia, what is the Total Time Cost per week cost of servicing the machines? PO (probability that sytem is empty) % dollars L (average units in system) units d. If DataWish decides to hire another individual to help Leia, what would the new Total Time Cost per…Larry Ellison starts a company that manufactures high-end custom leather bags. Hehires two employees. Each employee only begins working on a bag when a customerorder has been received and then she makes the bag from beginning to end. The average production time of a bag is 1.8 days, with a standard deviation of 2.7 days. Larryexpects to receive one customer order per day on average. The interarrival times oforders have a coefficient of variation of one. What is the expected duration, in days,between when an order is received and when production begins on the bag?A machine used for cutting materials in a factory has the following outputs per hour at various speeds and required periodic tool regrinding at intervals cited. Speed Hour Output per Tool RegrindingA 200 pieces every 8 hours B 280 pieces every 5 hours A set of tools costs 560 and can be ground twenty times. Each regrinding costs 54.00 and the time needed to regrind and change tools is 1 hour. The machine operator is paid 35.00 per hour including the time the tool is changed. The tool grinder who also sets the tools to the machine is paid 40.00 per hour. The hourly rate chargeable against the machine is 38.00, regardless of machine speed. Which speed is more ecomical? A. Speed B, 0.096/pc B Speed B, 0.087/pc C. Speed A, .054/pc D. Speed A >037/pc
- Describe how a continuous simulation model can benefit the business strategy decisions for your chosen business (Retail store)The average time between the arrivals of the taxis arriving at the airport to pick up passengers has an exponential distribution, with an average of 10 minutes. a) What is the probability that a passenger will wait for the taxi less than 15 minutes? b) What is the probability that a passenger will wait for the taxi between 20 and 30 minutes? Solve using the cumulative distribution function H1example of discrete event simulation problem related to purchasing into a warehouse . any examples please
- Manufacture of a certain component requires three different machining operations. Machining time for each operation has a normal distribution, and the three times are independent of one another. The mean values are 20, 30, and 15 min, respectively, and the standard deviations are 1, 2, and 1.9 min, respectively. What is the probability that it takes at most 1 hour of machining time to produce a randomly selected component? (Round your answer to four decimal places.)The Decision Sciences Department is trying todetermine whether to rent a slow or a fast copier. Thedepartment believes that an employee’s time is worth $15per hour. The slow copier rents for $4 per hour and it takesan employee an average of 10 minutes to complete copying(exponentially distributed). The fast copier rents for $15 perhour and it takes an employee an average of 6 minutes tocomplete copying. An average of 4 employees per hour needto use the copying machine (interarrival times areexponential). Which machine should the department rent?A small grocery store has a single cashier lane where groceries line up to pay for their purchases. Interarrival time of customers is exponentially distributed with mean of 3 mins. Due to the variety in type and number of items purchased, transaction time is approximately exponentially distributed with mean 2.5 mins. a. Compute for the average number of customers in the cashier lane. b. Find the probability that there are at most 4 customers in the lane. c. What is the proportion of time that the cashier is idle? d. Find the average time a customer spends in the cashier, including queuing time and transaction time. e. Buying a POS machine will help reduce average transaction time to only 2 mins. (20% reduction) with the aid of a barcode reader - eliminating the need to type item codes manually. If implemented, find the percent reduction in the average time a customer spends in the cashier.