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- (a) What structural feature is associated with each type of hydrocarbon: alkane, cycloalkane, alkene, and alkyne?(b) Give the general formula for each type.(c) Which hydrocarbons are considered saturated?This question is about the chemistry of alkenes, which are unsaturated hydrocarbons. (a) State what is meant by the term unsaturated as applied to a hydrocarbon. (1) (b) An organic compound, X, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon with molecular formula CH₂. (i) Draw the displayed formulae and give the names of two molecules with molecular formula C₂H, which are E/Z isomers. (3) Isomer 1 Isomer 2 Name: Name:(a) What is meant by the term isomer ? (b) Among the four alkanes, ethane, propane, butane, and pentane, which is capable of existing in isomeric forms?
- (a) Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the combustion of 1 mol of benzene, C6H61l2, to CO21g2 and H2O1l2.(b) Compare the quantity of heat produced by combustion of 1.00 g propane with that produced by 1.00 g benzene.(a) What is a functional group? (b) What functional groupcharacterizes an alcohol? (c) Write a structural formula for1-pentanol, the alcohol derived from pentane by making asubstitution on one of the carbon atoms.Give the molecular formula of a hydrocarbon containingfive carbon atoms that is (a) an alkane, (b) a cycloalkane,(c) an alkene, (d) an alkyne.
- What structural features help us identify a compound as(a) an alkane, (b) a cycloalkane, (c) an alkene, (d) an alkyne,(e) a saturated hydrocarbon, (f) an aromatic hydrocarbon?TRUE OR FALSE (a) A functional group is a group of atoms in an organic molecule that undergoes a predictable set of chemical reactions. (b) The functional group of an alcohol, an aldehyde, and a ketone have in common the fact that each contains a single oxygen atom. (c) A primary alcohol has one —OH group, a secondary alcohol has two —OH groups, and a tertiary alcohol has three —OH groups. (d) There are two alcohols with the molecular formula C3H8O. (e) There are three amines with the molecular formula C3H9N. (f) Aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and esters all contain a carbonyl group. (g) A compound with the molecular formula of C3H6O may be either an aldehyde, a ketone, or a carboxylic acid. (h) Bond angles about the carbonyl carbon of an aldehyde, a ketone, a carboxylic acid, and an ester are all approximately 109.5°. (i) The molecular formula of the smallest aldehyde is C3H6O, and that of the smallest ketone is also C3H6O. (j) The molecular formula of the smallest carboxylic…(a) The compound given below had the following IUPAC name and structural formula dibromocyclopentane C3H6CHBrCHBr (i) What type of isomerism is possible in the organic compound? (ii) Draw all the pairs of possible isomers and name them.
- B. Molecular Models of Hydrocarbon Derivatives 1. Organic Halides (a) "methyl chloride," CH3-CI (b) "ethyl iodide," CH3CH2-I 2. Alcohols (a) methanol, CH3-OH ("methyl alcohol") (b) ethanol, CH3CHz-OH ("ethyl alcohol") (c) 1-propanol, CH3CH;CH2 OH ("propyl alcohol") (d) 2-propanol, CH;CH(OH)CH3 ("isopropyl alcohol") 3. Phenols (a) phenol, CHs-OH (b) ortho-methyl phenol, C&H4(CH3)-OH 4. Ethers (a) "dimethyl ether," CH3-O-CH3 (b) "diethyl ether," CH;CH2 O-CH2CH3 5. Amines (a) "methyl amine," CH3-NH2 (b) "ethyl amine," CH3CH2-NH2 280 Experiment 23 Copyright ©2019 Pearson Education, Inc.(a) (b) Define the terms 'functional group' and 'unsaturated hydrocarbon'. Name the following organic compounds: i. ii. (c) Draw skeleton structures for the following organic compounds: i. 3,4-dimethylheptane 3-methylheptanal ii. OH (d) The following two organic compounds are structural isomers to each other. Carefully identify and justify the structural isomers type (skeletal, functional, or positional) with their common molecular formula. HO O HO nos. A BOrganic chemistry is currently defined as(A) the study of compounds made only by livingcells.(B) the study of carbon compounds.(C) the study of natural (as opposed to synthetic)compounds.(D) the study of hydrocarbons.