A collection of messages uses the following symbols with the given relative frequencies: s : 3 t : 10 e : 8 a : 7 m : 1 (a) Construct the optimal Huffman code for these frequencies. (b) Encode the string test using this code. (c) Calculate the lower and upper bound of the average code length. Compare to the actual code length.
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A collection of messages uses the following symbols with the given relative frequencies:
s : 3 t : 10 e : 8 a : 7 m : 1
(a) Construct the optimal Huffman code for these frequencies.
(b) Encode the string test using this code.
(c) Calculate the lower and upper bound of the average code length. Compare to the
actual code length.
Please no plagiarism
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- Response Required: Write a program to check whether the message received at the destination is error-free. For simplicity, assume that the secret code representing the message is a sequence of digits (0 to 9) and the maximum length of the message is 250 digits. Also, the first number in the message is the length of the message. For example, if the secret code is: 7 9 2 7 8 3 5 6 then the actual message is 7 digits long, and it is transmitted twice. The above message is transmitted as: 7 9 2 7 8 3 5 6 7 9 2 7 8 3 5 6 Input A file containing the secret code and its copy Output The secret code, its copy, and a message—if the received code is error-free—in the following form: Code Digit Code Digit Copy 9 9 2 2 7 7 8 8 3 3 5 5 6 6 Message transmitted OK. Note: Compile the code on any software and capture the secreenshot and the language is C++.This must be done using CORAL language. Primary U.S. interstate highways are numbered 1-99. Odd numbers (like the 5 or 95) go north/south, and evens (like the 10 or 90) go east/west. Auxiliary highways are numbered 100-999, and service the primary highway indicated by the rightmost two digits. Thus, the 405 services the 5, and the 290 services the 90. Given a highway number, indicate whether it is a primary or auxiliary highway. If auxiliary, indicate what primary highway it serves. Also indicate if the (primary) highway runs north/south or east/west. Ex: If the input is: 90 the output is: The 90 is primary, going east/west. Ex: If the input is: 290 the output is: The 290 is auxiliary, serving the 90, going east/west. Ex: If the input is: 0 or any number not between 1 and 999, the output is: 0 is not a valid interstate highway number.Correct answer will be upvoted else downvoted. Computer science. Koyomi has recently gotten the three brief strings from the challenge coordinators. Assist her with composing a substantial novel for the challenge. A string a will be an aftereffect of a string b if a can be acquired from b by erasure of a few (perhaps, zero) characters. Input The principal line contains a solitary integer t (1≤t≤104) — the number of experiments. The principal line of each experiment contains a solitary integer n (1≤n≤105). Every one of the accompanying three lines contains a bitstring of length 2n. It is ensured that these three strings are pairwise unmistakable. It is ensured that the amount of n across all experiments doesn't surpass 105. Output For each experiment, print a solitary line containing a bitstring of length at most 3n that has somewhere around two of the given bitstrings as aftereffects. It very well may be demonstrated that under the imperatives of the…
- Example 2 Enter message to be encrypted: Dèyè mòn, gen mòn. Enter step size: -1 ORIGINAL MESSAGE Dèyè mòn, gen mòn. ENCRYPTED MESSAGE Cçxç lim, fdm lim. Enter message to be encrypted: Dèyè mòn, gen mòn. Enter step size: 0 ORIGINAL MESSAGE Dèyè mòn, gen mòn. ENCRYPTED MESSAGE Dèyè mòn, gen mòn. Enter message to be encrypted: QUIT Example 3 Enter message to be encrypted: Perfer et obdura, dolor hic tib: proderit olim. Enter step size: 8 ORIGINAL MESSAGE Perfer et obdura, dolor hic tibi proderit olim. ENCRYPTED MESSAGE Xmznmz m| wjl)zi, lwtwz pąk |qją xzwlmzą| wtqu. Enter message to be encrypted: QUITExperiment 1: IMPLEMENTATION OF CAESAR CIPHER Objective: To implement the simple substitution technique named Caesar cipher using C+ language. Theory: To enerypt a message with a Caesar cipher, each letter in the message is changed using a simple rule: shift by three. Each letter of the message is shifted a fixed distance (3 for example) down the alphabet, A becomes D, B becomes E, and so on. For the last letters, we can think of alphabet as a circle and "wrap around", W becomes Z. X becomes A, Y becomes B, and Z becomes C. To change a message back, cach letter is replaced by the one three before it. Example ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ t t t t t t t t ttt t t t t t t tt t t t t t t ft DEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVW XY Z ABc) digorithm STEP-1: Read the plain text from the user. STEP-2: Read the key value from the user. STEP-3: If the key is positive then encrypt the text by adding the key with each character in the plain text. STEP-4: Else subtract the key from the plain text. STEP-5: Display the…Bus timetables specify to the second the exact arrival and departure time of each bus on each stop. You need to pay for the full fare of every bus you ride and different bus lines charge different fees , but they are flat fees (independent of distance travelled on the line) A travel plan is a sequence of stop-time pairs where stop is a location of a bus stop and time is when we arrive at that stop. The plan is feasible if for any two consecutive pairs (a, t) and (b, t′) in the plan there exists a bus that departs after t and arrives at b at exactly t′. That is, a travel plan does not allow us to walk between stops. Assuming that no two buses arrive at the same time at the same stop, a feasible plan uniquely identifies the bus lines that we need to take to realize the plan. The cost of the plan is the sum of the fares we need to pay. Your task is to design an efficient algorithm that given a departure time t, an arrival time t′, an origin stop a and a destination stop b, finds the…
- 2. Telephone-Number Word Generator (50) o Standard telephone keypads contain the digits 0-9. The numbers 2-9 each have three letters associated with them, as is indicated by the following table: Digit Letter Digit Letter 2 A B C 6. M N O DE F 7 PR S 4 GH I 8 TU V 5 J KL 9. W X Y o Many people find it difficult to memorize phone numbers, so they use the correspondence between digits and letters to develop seven-letter words that correspond to their phone numbers. o For example, a person whose telephone number is 686-2377 might use the correspondence indicated in the above table to develop the seven-letter word "NUMBERS." Businesses frequently attempt to get telephone numbers that are easy for their clients to remember. If a business can advertise a simple word for its customers to dial, then, no doubt, the business will receive a few more calls. Each seven-letter word corresponds to exactly one seven-digit telephone number. The restaurant wishing to increase its take-home business could…There are two isotopes of an unknown element, X-19 and X-21. The abundance of X-19 is 14.29%. A weighted average uses the percentages of each isotope to scale their contribution to the total mass. Each isotope's contribution is the percentage (in decimal form) multiplied by the mass of the isotope. What is the contribution (in amu) to the weighted average from the X-19 isotope, which has a mass of 19.00 amu?38. If p is true, q is false, r is true, and s is false, what are the truth values of ~(q ⇔ s) and ~r ⇔ ~q, respectively?
- Rahul is a maths genius so he came up with a game and as raj is Rahul's best friend so Rahul decided to play the game with raj. Rahul gives raj two numbers LL and RR and asks raj to find the count of numbers in the range from LL to RR (LL and RR inclusive) which are a digit palindromic. A number is a digit palindromic if its first digit is the same as its last digit. As raj is not very good at maths so your task is to help Raj find out how many numbers are a digit palindromic in the range LL to RR. For example if LL = 88 and RR = 2525 .The following numbers are a digit palindromic in the range of LL to RR: 8, 9, 11, and 22. If LL = 12511251 and RR = 12661266. The digit palindromic numbers are 1251 and 1261. Input format The first line contains an integer denoting the number of test cases. Each test case is described by a single line that contains two integers LL and RR. Output format For each test case output, an integer denoting how many a digit palindromic numbers are there in the…Given 2 string str1 and str2 we have to find the length of the longest common substring between them.ExamplesInput : X = "abcdxyz", y = "xyzabcd" Output : 4The longest common substring is "abcd" and is of length 4.Input : X = "zxabcdezy", y = "yzabcdezx" Output : 6The longest common substring is "abcdez" and is of length 6.Implementation in JavaSubstitution ciphers are encryption/decryption algorithms that replace one letter or number with another. The first attested use of a substitution cipher in military affairs was by Julius Caesar, described by him in Gallic Wars (cf. Kahn pp83-84). In caesar cipher , you replace each letter by 3rd letter on. If it is out of bound (later than Z), then round to the head (letter A) and continue the shift. For example:meet me after the toga party PHHW PH DIWHU WKH WRJD SDUWB Please write a program in Java to implement the Caesar Cipher: a. Implement the encryption algorithm. Ask the user to input one all lower case normal sentence (called plaintext) using the nextLine method, and then output the encrypted text (called ciphertext). b. Implement the decryption algorithm. Ask the user to input one encrypted sentence (i.e. ciphertext) using the nextLine method, and then output the decrypted text (i.e. plaintext).