A) An atom has two electronic levels of energy 0 and ɛ. Suppose the atom is in thermal equilibrium with a heat bath at temperature T. What ensemble should be used for this atom? Calculate the partition function Z, the average energy E, and the Helmholtz free energy F for this atom in the canonical encapsulation. Find the probabilities of each microstate of the atom.
A) An atom has two electronic levels of energy 0 and ɛ. Suppose the atom is in thermal equilibrium with a heat bath at temperature T. What ensemble should be used for this atom? Calculate the partition function Z, the average energy E, and the Helmholtz free energy F for this atom in the canonical encapsulation. Find the probabilities of each microstate of the atom.
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Transcribed Image Text:A) An atom has two electronic levels of energy 0 and ɛ. Suppose the atom is in thermal
equilibrium with a heat bath at temperature T. What ensemble should be used for this atom?
Calculate the partition function Z, the average energy E, and the Helmholtz free energy F for
this atom in the canonical encapsulation. Find the probabilities of each microstate of the atom.
B) Calculate the entropy S of this atom for the various methods given below.
i) Using the appropriate derivative of F.
ii) Calculate (S
-kn Ei -pi ln p,)using the microstate distribution probabilities.
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