4. Between 2004 and 2014, a total of 243,696 incident cases of shigellosis were reported. During the same decade, 23,428 deaths were attributed to shigella. Calculate the death-to-case ratio. Use 100 as ratio
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- ▷ D D D D D D incidence of mumps (cases per 100,000 people) 14) The following describes the incidence of mumps from 1984 to 2004. From 1984 to 1985, there was no Change, Staying at about I case per 100,000 people. Then there was a Spike, which reached a peak of about 5.5 cases per 100,000 in 1987. Over the next a small year, there was a sharp decline, to about 2 cases per 100,000 people in 1988. Then, from 1988 to 1989, there was increase to about 2.5 cases per 100,000 people. This was followed by a gradual decline, which reached a minimum of case per 100,000 in 1999. For the next 5 years, there was no Change in the incidence of mumps. Sketch a graph of the function. about 0.5 7 6 5 Da 92 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Time (years since 1984)1. Considering how the government and health institutions such as hospitals, clinics, and laboratories reacted to the pandemic. How would you describe their performance based on the 3 determinants of HMIS? Are there certain aspects that were not well-controlled? How would you improve the situation in order to balance the 3 determinants of HMIS? Please enumerate the 3 HMIS determinants and explain them briefly.For each of the following situations, identify classification of disease it reflects: A. EpidemicB. SporadicC. EpizooticD. PandemicE. Endemic 7. 22 cases of Legionellosis occurred within 3 weeks among residents of a particular neighborhood(usually 0 to 1 per year)8. The average annual incidence of Community Acquired Pneumonia is 134 cases per 100,000population since 2011.9. The common cold is described to be commonly present in Baguio City10. Single case of Histoplasmosis was diagnosed in a community11. About 60 cases of gonorrhea are usually reported in City A per week, slightly less than the nationalaverage12. Over 20 million people worldwide died from influenza in 1918 – 191913. Over 44 out of the 80 provinces in the Philippines have a usual prevalence of Lymphatic Filariasis14. The recent flash flood was pinpointed as the cause of the rising cases of anxiety among residentsaging 30-50 years old, whether male or female15. A case of Capillariasis (usually endemic in locations near…
- 99. Which of the following can be recommended as a follow-up procedure for further establishment of the sourceof agent?A. Epidemiological investigation of the “person”, “time”, and “place” dimensionssurrounding the outbreakB. Epidemiological investigation of the bargoers who consumed drinks but did not show any of the symptoms C. Laboratory investigation of the feces, urine, vomitus, and blood samples of the affected individualsD. Laboratory investigation of the ingredients and tools used in the preparation of the implicated drink1. Discuss the different mechanics of the transmission of the disease. 2. Discuss the different ways of community reaction to agents of the disease invasion. 3. Discuss the three characteristics of epidemics that may differentiate the different types of epidemics. 4. A disease outbreak can be detected by examining the different sources of data. Give and discuss the four sources of data. 5. Why should you conduct epidemiologic investigation of an outbreak? Give at least five reasons and discuss. 6. Explain the etiology of tuberculosis, measles and rabies by applying the etiologic triangle. 7. Discuss host responses to infectious agents. Be sure to include herd immunity as a community health concept. 8. What could be the reasons why inspite of high coverage of measles immunization, an outbreak still exist? 9. Discuss the importance of epidemiology to disease prevention and control.- Section 12 Hom 93 of 145 در ∞ 93. A 16-year-old boy with sickle cell disease comes to the physician because of a 6-hour history of a persistent, paintu penile eraction. He says that the word stimulation. Physical examination shows no other abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism of this condition? A) Hyperactivity of the bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus muscles CB) Hyperactivity of the parasympathetic cavernous innervation OC) Occlusion of arteriovenous anastomoses that bypass the corpora cavernosa OD) Occlusion of venous channels in the corpora cavernosa E) Response to ischemia secondary to arteriolar occlusion
- 82. Which of the following may produce an epidemic curve characteristic of a propagated source outbreak?A. Gastroenteritis brought about by a virus horizontally transmitted via direct contactB. Gastroenteritis caused by a sewage system leaking into a town’s water supplyC. Gastroenteritis due to a contaminated batch of packaged food in grocery storesD. Gastroenteritis from a contaminated food item shared during a single meal83. Who among the following individuals may be considered a secondary case in an outbreak investigation?A. Ana has elevated blood pressure secondary to acute gastroenteritis after attending a party.B. Ian was infected by his roommate John, who was exposed to a patient zero while travelling.C. Mary got infected with her classmates when they attended a meeting in a compromised venue.D. Ted manifested symptoms of a communicable diseases when he got home from a trip abroad.1) What is dumping syndrome?what is the cause,symptoms,and the cure of it ? One paragraph90. Which of the following scenarios may be considered a true outbreak?A. Increased number of cases of nausea and vomiting among individuals spread across different townsB. Rise in reported cases of body aches and chills experienced by senior citizens during the cold seasonC. Sudden increase in cases of fever with bleeding in a certain area with no record of previous casesD. Two-fold rise in the number of people reporting muscle pains and cough in the general population
- What is epidemiology of RMSF in the USA described today?The transmission coefficient of the hypothetical disease Blady flu is 0.6. If the combined death and recovery rate is 0.3, what is the threshold density for Blady flu?what are the diffrence between Candian public health Association (CPHA) and AMerican Public health Association ? which one is better