3. What are heat engines? How do they work?2. How is the second law expressed? Give examples.A What are examples of entropy in real life? limits of what the universe can do.moves around within a system, whether an atom, a hurricane or a black hole. The first law describesThermodynamics is the study of heat and energy. At its heart are laws that describe how energyatter reading.how energy cannot be created or destroyed, merely transformed from one kind to another. Thesecond law, however, is probably better known and even more profound because it describes theThe second law can be expressed in several ways, the simplest being that heat will naturally flown a hotter to a colder body. At its heart is a property of thermodynamic systems called entropy"in the equations above it is represented by "S"- in loose terms, a measure of the amount ofdisorder within a system. This can be represented in many ways, for example in the arrangementof the molecules- water molecules in an ice cube are more ordered than the same molecules afterthey have been heated into a gas. Whereas the water molecules were in a well-defined lattice inthe ice cube, they float unpredictably in the gas. The entropy of the ice cube is, therefore, lowerthan that of the gas. Similarly, the entropy of a plate is higher when it is in pieces on the floorcompared with when it is in one piece in the sink.Heat engines work because heat naturally flows from hot to cold places. If there was no coldreservoir towards which it could move there would be no heat flow and the engine would not work.Because the cold reservoir is always above absolute zero, no heat engine can be 100% efficient.The best-designed engines, therefore, heat up steam (or other gas) to the highest possibletemperature then release the exhaust at the lowest possible temperature. The most modern steamengines can get to around 60% efficiency and diesel engines in cars can get to around 50%efficient. Petrol-based internal combustion engines are much more wasteful of their fuel's energy.The inefficiencies are built into any system using energy and can be described thermodynamically.This wasted energy means that the overall disorder of the universe - its entropy - will increaseover time but at some point, reach a maximum. At this moment in some unimaginably distant future,the energy in the universe will be evenly distributed and so, for all macroscopic purposes, will beuseless. Cosmologists call this the "heat death" of the universe, an inevitable consequence of theunstoppable march of entropy.Questions:1. What does the text tell about the second law of thermodynamics?

Question

3. What are heat engines? How do they work?2. How is the second law expressed? Give examples.A What are examples of entropy in real life? limits of what the universe can do.moves around within a system, whether an atom, a hurricane or a black hole. The first law describesThermodynamics is the study of heat and energy. At its heart are laws that describe how energyatter reading.how energy cannot be created or destroyed, merely transformed from one kind to another. Thesecond law, however, is probably better known and even more profound because it describes theThe second law can be expressed in several ways, the simplest being that heat will naturally flown a hotter to a colder body. At its heart is a property of thermodynamic systems called entropy&#34;in the equations above it is represented by &#34;S&#34;- in loose terms, a measure of the amount ofdisorder within a system. This can be represented in many ways, for example in the arrangementof the molecules- water molecules in an ice cube are more ordered than the same molecules afterthey have been heated into a gas. Whereas the water molecules were in a well-defined lattice inthe ice cube, they float unpredictably in the gas. The entropy of the ice cube is, therefore, lowerthan that of the gas. Similarly, the entropy of a plate is higher when it is in pieces on the floorcompared with when it is in one piece in the sink.Heat engines work because heat naturally flows from hot to cold places. If there was no coldreservoir towards which it could move there would be no heat flow and the engine would not work.Because the cold reservoir is always above absolute zero, no heat engine can be 100% efficient.The best-designed engines, therefore, heat up steam (or other gas) to the highest possibletemperature then release the exhaust at the lowest possible temperature. The most modern steamengines can get to around 60% efficiency and diesel engines in cars can get to around 50%efficient. Petrol-based internal combustion engines are much more wasteful of their fuel's energy.The inefficiencies are built into any system using energy and can be described thermodynamically.This wasted energy means that the overall disorder of the universe - its entropy - will increaseover time but at some point, reach a maximum. At this moment in some unimaginably distant future,the energy in the universe will be evenly distributed and so, for all macroscopic purposes, will beuseless. Cosmologists call this the &#34;heat death&#34; of the universe, an inevitable consequence of theunstoppable march of entropy.Questions:1. What does the text tell about the second law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

Sadi Carnot, the father of thermodynamics, was one of these scientists, publishing Reflections on…

3. What are heat engines? How do they work? 2. How is the second law expressed? Give examples. 4 What are examples of entropy in real life?