3. Modern agroecosystems differ from natural ecosystems in all of the following ways except: A. they (the artificial ecosystems) make the food chain more complex, causing higher biodiversity B. they (the artificial ecosystems) tend to be less complex than the natural ecosystems C. they attempt to suppress ecological succession by allowing only pioneer species to thrive D. they tend to raise crops in monoculture (a single species) rather than multiculture E. they tend to plant crops in neat, orderly rows rather than complex spatial arrangements

3. Modern agroecosystems differ from natural ecosystems in all of the following ways except: A. they (the artificial ecosystems) make the food chain more complex, causing higher biodiversity B. they (the artificial ecosystems) tend to be less complex than the natural ecosystems C. they attempt to suppress ecological succession by allowing only pioneer species to thrive D. they tend to raise crops in monoculture (a single species) rather than multiculture E. they tend to plant crops in neat, orderly rows rather than complex spatial arrangements

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305967359

Author:STARR

Publisher:STARR

Chapter41: Community Ecology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CT: With antibiotic resistance rising, researchers are looking for ways to reduce the use of...

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25. Modern agroecosystems differ from natural ecosystems in all of the following ways except: A. they attempt to suppress ecological succession by allowing only pioneer species to thrive B. they tend to raise crops in multiculture rather than monoculture (a single species) C. they tend to plant crops in neat, orderly rows rather than complex spatial arrangements D. they make the food chain less complex, so that lower species diversity results E. they (the artificial ecosystems) tend to be less complex than the natural ecosystems
1. What is ecological succession? Describe/compare the two types of ecological succession. 2. Describe the stages that occur from first to the last stage of the process of ecological succession. Name the different plants that evolve on each stage from the first to the last stage of the succession. 3. What are the causes of disturbance in an ecosystem? 4. What are Pioneer Organisms? Give examples 5. Describe a Climax Community? Cite an example.
3. Agro-ecology: What it is and what it has to offer? Is this the future of farming?
28. Which of the following is an accurate statement about ecosystems? a. Energy is recycled through the trophic structure. b. Energy is usually captured from sunlight by primary producers, passed to secondary producers in the form of organic compounds, & lost to detritivores as heat. c. Chemicals are recycled between the biotic and abiotic sectors, whereas energy makes a one way trip through the food web and is eventually dissipated as heat. d. There is a continuous process by which energy is lost as heat, and chemical elements leave the ecosystem through runoff. e. A food web shows that all trophic levels may feed off each other.
4. All of the following organisms in a marine food web, close to the Arctic Circle, would properly be classified as heterotrophic animals, with the exception of: A. the harp seal (a quaternary consumer species) B. the polar bear (a quinary consumer species) C. the squid (a secondary consumer species) D. the flatfish (a tertiary consumer species) E. phytoplankton (a producer species)
44. Which of the following successional species would be able to grow (like the Sudbury smelters in Ontario, Canada)? A. long-lived species (like sugar maples) B. mature species (like oak trees) C. pioneer species (like grasses) D. intermediate species (like pine trees) E. all of the above will be equally able to grow close to a point source of heavy metal pollutants the closest to a point source of heavy metal pollution
12. Some plants need more light than others to survive. Knowing this, explain how the following factors might affect the type of plants that will start the process of secondary succession after an ecological disturbance. Then identify the factor that is probably the most important in determining which species will be the first to repopulate an area after an ecological disturbance. Explain your reasoning. a) the type of ecological disturbance (for example, a forest fire versus a fallen tree) b) the types of seeds left in the soil after the disturbance c) the availability of moisture in the soil d) the availability of nutrients in the soil
8. The diagram below represents different stages of an ecosystem over a period of time. D-Hardwood forest stage C-Pine forest stage A-Grass stage B-Shrub stage Bare field Y Time Which stage of the ecosystem has the greatest long-term stability? O A) Stage A O B) Stage B O C) Stage C O D) Stage D 3. 4 hp # 24 % & 1 2 3 4 W e r y a
1. Define biotic and abiotic factors of the environment. Give an example of each. 2. How do ecologists define the term ecosystem? 3. State the competitive exclusion principle. 4. Identify three different types of consumers. Name an example of each type. 5. Describe the role of decomposers in food webs. 6. What is a biogeochemical cycle? Name an example.
2. The trophic relationships in real biological communities are much more complex than a simple food chain. These more complex trophic relationships are shown in a food web. This diagram shows a small part of a food web. Notice that the food web contains multiple food chains. A. Circle the organisms in one of the food chains in this food web. B. Label the producer in the food chain you circled. mountain lion C. Explain why the hawk in this food web is a trophic omnivore, even though it does not eat both plants and animals. deer atrod ugog 10ods nous W snake rabbit trees hawk mouse- grasses frog Z cricket bas to AnidT A 46
The large intestine of humans is populated by a complex community of benign microorganisms (not harmful) which compete for nutrients and may prevent pathogenic (harmful) microorganisms from becoming established. Which term would best describe this?a. competitive exclusionb. selective pressurec. successiond. environmental resistance
3. The diagram below represents the feeding relationships between organisms in a terrestrial ecosystem. Use it to answer the following questions: Lion Fox Wild cat Hawk Guate Rabbit Owl Rat Rattle snake Tomato plant a. Classify each organism in the diagram on basis of its role for energy flow in the ecosystem. b. Construct 4 food chains from the diagram, each with not less than four trophic levels c. Assign each organism in the diagram to its appropriate trophic level. d. If the tomato plant produced 10,000 KJ of energy, how much of it will be available to the: i. wildcat ii. hawk c. What two other options have the lion for obtaining energy? Which one is better and why? f. If there was a sudden decrease in the wildcat population, state one possible effect on the population of the: i. rat ii. rabbit iii. lion iv. hawk Page 2 of 3