3. a) Suppose that the macroeconomic equilibrium is determined in the closed economy (AE = C+I +G). Show and explain the effects of an increase in marginal tax rate (t) on macroeconomic equilibrium. b) Why do you think increase in government expenditure causes crowding-out effect (use graphs when necessary
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3. a) Suppose that the
b) Why do you think increase in government expenditure causes crowding-out effect (use graphs when necessary
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- Assume that the economy can be modeled as follows: AE = C + I + G C = 300 + .6Yd I = 400 G = 100 T = 200 Y=1700 consumption=1200 7) Imagine the government would like to increase equilibrium GDP to 2,000, what would it have to set the level of government spending to? 8) What is the size of the spending multiplier? 9) What is the size of the tax multiplier?can you explain this a little more for me? its a practice quiz. i provided the prof's answer and mild explanation of the correct answer, but I still dont understand it. 13. If government spending is increased by $5, and this increase in spending is financed by a tax increase in the same amount, the effect on equilibrium would be: A). zero – the balance each other out. B) an increase in equilibrium of $10. C) a decrease in equilibrium of $5. D) an increase in equilibrium of $5. This is his answer: 13. d (compare fiscal policy options #1 and #2 shown above and use $5 for both ∆G and ∆Tx;use any MPC, for example .90) i dont understand how to math it. Can you show me how?What is a budget surplus? Outline the benefits and use of a budget surplus in macroeconomic management of an economy.
- Now we look at the role taxes play in determining equilibrium income. Suppose we have an economy of the type in Sections 10-4 and 10-5, described by the following functions: C=50+.8YD I=70 G= 200 TR=100 t=20 a. Calculate the equilibrium level of income and the multiplier in this model. b. Calculate also the budget surplus, BS. c. Suppose that t increases to .25. What is the new equilibrium income? The new multiplier? d. Calculate the change in the budget surplus. Would you expect the change in the surplus to be more or less if C = .9 rather than .8? e. Can you explain why the multiplier is 1 when t=1?What effect an increase of government spending will have on the output equilibrium in the goods market? Explain using autonomous spending. please explainSuppose the following list of events describes all of the economic activity resulting from an increase in government spending. Suppose that at each step after the initial one, the marginal propensity to consume is 0.62 and the tax rate is 8%. Step 0. The government spends $8500 on meat to host a very large dinner for foreign diplomats. Step A. The butcher takes the income earned by selling the meat, saves some, and spends the rest on a wedding cake for his daughter. Step B. The baker who produced the wedding cake saves some of her earnings and uses the rest to purchase beautiful candlesticks as gifts for all of her friends. Step C. The local candlestick maker saves some of his revenue for retirement and spends the rest on building materials to improve his house. Instructions: Modify the settings in the interactive tool to represent this event. Then click "Spending Rounds" and use the table to answer the following questions. Round answers to the nearest cent, if necessary. How much does…
- Suppose the following list of events describes all of the economic activity resulting from an increase in government spending. Suppose that at each step after the initial one, the marginal propensity to consume is 0.67 and the tax rate is 16%. Step 0. The government spends $8500 on meat to host a very large dinner for foreign diplomats. Step A. The butcher takes the income earned by selling the meat, saves some, and spends the rest on a wedding cake for his daughter. Step B. The baker who produced the wedding cake saves some of her earnings and uses the rest to purchase beautiful candlesticks as gifts for all of her friends. Step C. The local candlestick maker saves some of his revenue for retirement and spends the rest on building materials to improve his house. Instructions: Modify the settings in the interactive tool to represent this event. Then click "Spending Rounds" and use the table to answer the following questions. Round answers to the nearest cent, if necessary. How much…Imagine this economy has a 10% tax on income. The following are exogenous (not directly affected by income): G = 11 I = 4 X = M = 0 The consumption function is: C = k + cY, where k = 3, c = 0.8 Now we have to take that tax into account. Here is a way to think about it: Look at the consumption function. It says if you give me one more dollar of income I will spend 80 cents of it (mpc = 0.8). BUT I can only spend what I receive. I can only spend my after-tax or disposable income. With a 10% tax, I don't receive Y I receive 90% of Y or Y*(1-t) where t = 10% or 0.1. Let's define disposable income as Yd where Yd = Y*(1-t). Therefore we restate our consumption function as C = k + cYd Now we have, in this case, C = k + cYd or C = 3 + 0.8Yd or C = 3 + 0.8*(Y*[1-0.1]) or C = 3 + 0.72Y. Now what is the equilibrium GDP? Give the answer to ONE decimal place.Suppose an economy is represented by the following equations.Consumption function C = 200 + 0.8YdPlanned investment I = 400Government spending G = 600Exports EX = 200Imports IM = 0.1YdAutonomous Taxes T = 500Marginal Tax Rate t=0.2Planned aggregate expenditure AE = C + I + G + (EX - IM) By using the above information calculate the equilibrium level of income for this economy and explain why fiscal policy becomes less effective in an open economy
- Q#1) Consider the following equations describing the components of demand and equilibrium in the goods market: C= 120 + 0.8 Yd I= 100 G= 130 T= 40 1. What is the equilibrium level of output in this economy. 2. calculate government spending multiplier and tax multiplier 3. There is a permanent increase in government spending of 30 units (so, the new equilibrium output? now G =160). What isThe following graph shows the aggregate demand curve. Shift the aggregate demand curve on the graph to show the impact of a tax hike. 130 120 Aggregate Demand 110 100 90 Aggregate Demand 80 70 10 20 30 40 50 60 OUTPUT Suppose the governments of two different economies, economy J and economy K, implement a permanent tax cut of the same size. The marginal propensity to consume (MPC) in economy J is 0.85 and the MPC in economy K is 0.8. The economies are identical in all other respects. The tax cut will have a larger impact on aggregate demand in the economy with the PRICE LEVELQuestion 1 Use the following equations to answer the questions below. The Peruvian economy can be characterized by these equations below. C = 400+ 0.6Yd Taxes = 600 Equilibrium Output = $4,000 a) Graph the consumption function in the income/output and aggregate expenditures space. Label your horizontal axis income/output (Y) and your vertical axis (AE). Label the vertical intercept and at least one other coordinate on the consumption function. What is the sum of investment and government purchases at equilibrium? Show your work. b) c) d) What is the equation for aggregate expenditure? Graph the aggregate expenditure function in the same graph from (a). Label the vertical intercept and equilibrium. At equilibrium, what is the level of saving in Peru? Show your work. On a separate graph, draw the saving function. Label your horizontal axis income/output (Y) and your vertical axis saving (S). Label the vertical intercept and horizontal intercept. e) The President of Peru hires you as an…