1.2 Sinusitis and antibiotics, Part I. Researchers studying the effect of antibiotic treatment for acutesinusitis compared to symptomatic treatments randomly assigned 166 adults diagnosed with acute sinusitis toone of two groups: treatment or control. Study participants received either a 10-day course of amoxicillin (anantibiotic) or a placebo similar in appearance and taste. The placebo consisted of symptomatic treatmentssuch as acetaminophen, nasal decongestants, etc. At the end of the 10-day period, patients were asked ifthey experienced improvement in symptoms. The distribution of responses is summarized below.Self-reported improvementin symptomsYesNoTotalTreatment661985GroupControl651681Total13135166 6. Refer to Exercise 1.2 on p.11. We want to test if there is a difference in the improvement rates of sinusitissymptoms between the treatment and the placebo.Formulate the null and alternative hypothesesCalculate the test statisticFind the P-valuePlease check the conditions required to do the test above.

Here we have to test the hypothesis for two independent proportions. The z- statistics can be…

Answered: 1.2 Sinusitis and antibiotics, Part I.…

Big Ideas Math A Bridge To Success Algebra 1: Student Edition 2015

1st Edition

ISBN:9781680331141

Author:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT

Publisher:HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT

Chapter4: Writing Linear Equations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 14CR

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1.2 Sinusitis and antibiotics. Researchers studying the effect of antibiotic treatment for acute sinusitis compared to symptomatic treatments randomly assigned 166 adults diagnosed with acute sinusitis to one of two groups: treatment or control. Study participants received either a 10-day course of amoxicillin (an antibiotic) or a placebo similar in appearance and taste. The placebo consisted of symptomatic treatments such as acetaminophen, nasal decongestants, etc. At the end of the 10-day period patients were asked if they experienced significant improvement in symptoms. The distribution of responses is summarized below.52 Group Treatment Control Total Self-reported significant improvement in symptoms No 19 16 35 Yes 66 65 131 Total 85 81 166 (a) What percent of patients in the treatment group experienced a significant improvement in symptoms? What percent in the control group? (b) Based on your findings in part (a), which treatment appears to be more effective for sinusitis? (c) Do…
1.2 Sinusitis and antibiotics, Part I. Researchers studying the effect of antibiotic treatment for acute sinusitis compared to symptomatic treatments randomly assigned 166 adults diagnosed with acute sinusitis to one of two groups: treatment or control. Study participants received either a 10-day course of amoxicillin (an antibiotic) or a placebo similar in appearance and taste. The placebo consisted of symptomatic treatments such as acetaminophen, nasal decongestants, etc. At the end of the 10-day period, patients were asked if they experienced improvement in symptoms. The distribution of responses is summarized below.³ Group Treatment Control Total Self-reported improvement in symptoms Yes 66 65 131 No 19 16 35 Total 85 81 166 (a) What percent of patients in the treatment group experienced improvement in symptoms? (b) What percent experienced improvement in symptoms in the control group? (c) In which group did a higher percentage of patients experience improvement in symptoms? (d)…
1.2 Sinusitis and antibiotics: Researchers studying the effect of antibiotic treatment for acute sinusitis compared to symptomatic treatments randomly assigned 162 adults diagnosed with acute sinusitis to one of two groups: treatment or control. Study participants received either a 10-day course of amoxicillin (an antibiotic) or a placebo similar in appearance and taste. The placebo consisted of symptomatic treatments such as acetaminophen, nasal decongestants, etc. At the end of the 10-day period patients were asked if they experienced significant improvement in symptoms. The distribution of responses is summarized below. (please round answers to within one hundredth of a percent) Significant improvement: Yes Significant improvement: No Treatment Control Total 65 55 120 24 18 42 Total 89 73 162 a) What percent of patients in the treatment group experienced a significant improvement in symptoms? 73.03 % b) What percent of patients in the control group experienced a significant…
Specificity of the association is best described as A. when the value of the response variable changes in a meaningful way with the dosage of the suspected cause. B. when the suspected cause precedes the response variable. C. when similar studies produce similar results. D. when all other possible causes are ruled out.
3. A researcher was interested in the effects of a drug on depression. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the three groups. Subjects in the control group received a placebo and the subjects in the two treatment groups received either a 0.2 mg or a 0.4 mg dosage of the drug. After several weeks of drug (or placebo) treatment, the researcher measured the subjects' level of depression (a low score indicating greater depression) The following data were obtained. Placebo 0.2 mg 0.4 mg 12 11 12 8 10 9 9 14 11 11 17 13 13 16 15 7 16 12 Mean of X = 10 14 12 S^2 = 5.6 8.4 4 Using 5% of significance, test the hypothesis that the three groups differ in their effectiveness.
A medical researcher wants to test the effectiveness of a new drug in treating a certain disease. They randomly assigned 100 patients to two groups: one group received the new drug, and the other group received a placebo. After a month, they measured the patients' symptom severity on a scale of 1 to 10. The researcher found that the mean symptom severity score for the group that received the new drug was lower than the mean score for the group that received the placebo. How can the researcher test the hypothesis that the new drug is effective in treating the disease? What statistical test should they use?
A group of disabled women ages 65 and older were followed for several years. It was found that those who had a vitamin B12 deficiency were twice as likely to suffer from severe depressions than those who did not.a. Describe the type of study being performed.b. Describe the explanatory variable(s) and response variable(s).
Which research design studies only people who are initially free of the disease of interest? Explain how this study design is different from the rest of the research designs a. Case control b. Cohort c. Cross sectional d. Experimental
Researchers studying the effect of antibiotic treatment compared to symptomatic treatment for acute sinusitis randomly assigned 166 adults diagnosed with sinusitis into two groups. Participants in the antibiotic group received a 10-day course of an antibiotic, and the rest received symptomatic treatments as a placebo. These pills had the same taste and packaging as the antibiotic. At the end of the 10-day period patients were asked if they experienced improvement in symptoms since the beginning of the study. The distribution of responses is summarized below. Antibiotic Placebo Total Yes 72 60 132 No 13 21 31 Total 85 81 166 A simulation was conducted under the assumpton that the proportion of self-reported improvement with the antibiotic treatment is equal to the proportion of self-reported improvement with the palcebo. 100,000 simulated differences were generated to construct the null distribution shown. The value ˆpa,∼p^a,∼ represents the proportion of self-reported…
Researchers studying the effect of antibiotic treatment for acute sinusitis compared to symptomatic treatments randomly assigned 166 adults diagnosed with acute sinusitis to one of two groups: treatment or control. Study participants received either a 10-day course of amoxicillin (an antibiotic) or a placebo similar in appearance and taste. The placebo consisted of symptoatic treatments such as acetaminophen, nasal decongestants, etc. At the end of the 10-day period, patients were asked if they experienced improvement in symptoms. The distribution of responses is summized below. We want to test if there is a difference in the improvement rates of sinusitis symptoms between the treatment and the placebo.(a) Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses(b) Calculate the test statistic and find the P-value(c) Please check the conditions required to do the test above.
One study of cell phones and the risk of brain cancer looked at a group of 469 people who have brain cancer. The investigators then asked about the use of cell phones. Result: “Our data suggest that the use of hand- held cellular phones is not associated with risk of brain cancer. B . Based on this study, can you determine that cellular use does not CAUSE brain cancer? Why or why not?
Treatment for depression: Researchers conducted a study of 18 patients whose depression had not responded to treatment (Zarate, 2006). Half received one intravenous dose of ketamine, hypothesized quick fix for depression; half received one intravenous dose of placebo. Far more of the patients who received ketamine improved, as measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, usually in less than 2 hours, than patients on placebo. a.What is the population of interest, and what is the sample in the study? b. Was random selection likely used? Explain your answer. c. Was random assignment likely used? Explain your answer. d. What is the independent variable and what are the levels? What is the dependent variable? e. What is the null hypothesis and what is the research hypothesis? f. What decision did the researchers make? (Respond using the language of inferential statistics.) g. If the researchers were incorrect in their decision, what kind of error did they make? Explain your answer.…

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