1. Suppose the following: I. Two countries each with demand for homogeneous goods given by P(Q) = 40 - Q In country A there is one firm with marginal cost of production of CA. III. In country B there is one firm with marginal cost of production of CB. Competition in relevant markets is Cournot IV. a) Find for each country expressions for the equilibrium price and equilibrium quantity and firm profits under the assumption that no occurred between the two countries occurred. b) Now assume a state of free trade occurs between the two countries. Derive expressions II.
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- Consider two identical countries (H and F) with the same individual firm's inverse demand function: P₁ = A - Bq₁. Firms differ in their marginal costs, c. Firms in country I want to sell their products in Country F through export or horizontal FDI. Firms need to pay the unit trade cost t when exporting. If the firm chooses to undertake FDI, the firm needs to pay a fixed cost, F. (a) Solve the profit function for firms with marginal production costc, in the domestic market (7), export market (*) and the profit if undertaking FDI (7) in terms of A, B, t, F and c. (b) Based on our discussion in class, low - c firms are more likely to participate FDI. Solve the cutoff marginal cost for undertaking FDI. i 3 1. Consider two identical countries (H and F) with the same individual firm's inverse demand function: P = A - Bqi. Firms differ in their marginal costs, c₁. Firms in country H want to sell their products in Country F through export or horizontal FDI. Firms need to pay the unit trade…Consider a single country and a single good. The demand curve for this good is given by QD = 144 - 4P. Thereare two firms serving the market: Firm A and Firm B, where Firm A has a marginal cost of $20 and Firm B hasa marginal cost of $16. There are no fixed costs incurred by either firm. Firm A produces 16 units and firm B produces 32 units. The equilibrium price is $24. Total Profit for Firm A = $64 Total Profit for Firm B = $256 Assume that these firms compete in Cournot fashion. What is the consumer surplus? Show your work.Assume a monopoly firm is considering the production of two brands, 1 and 2. Marginal cost is constant at 20 for both products -- assume no fixed costs. The inverse demand for brand i is Pi = 140 - qidq;, where i j and d is a constant. Part a) Find the firm's quantities Part b) Find the firm's prices Part c) Find the firm's profit Part d) Using a comparative static, how does firm profit change with d? Economically interpret the result.
- An Australian firm and a US firm produce a homogeneous good that is sold only in Japan. The marginal cost of producing the good is constant and equal to 30 in both countries. The demand curve for the good in Japan is: P = 120-Q where Q = QA +QUS represents the sum of the quantities. produced by the Australian and the US firms, respectively. (b) Assume the Australian firm can commit to an output before the US firm. Solve for the Stackelberg Equilibrium price, sales and profits of each firm in Japan. Price profit AUS2 ,output_US2 profit_US2 output_AUS2Suppose that the U.S. Congress passes legislation that imposes a one-time lump-sum tariff on the product that a foreign firm exports to the United States. a. What happens to the foreign firm’s marginal cost curve as a result of the lump-sum tariff? b. Will the lump-sum tariff cause the foreign firm to export more or less of the good? Explain carefully.Consider a single country and a single good. The demand curve for this good is given by QD = 144 - 4P. Thereare two firms serving the market: Firm A and Firm B, where Firm A has a marginal cost of $20 and Firm B hasa marginal cost of $16. There are no fixed costs incurred by either firm. Assume that these firms compete in Bertrand fashion. Part V. What is the equilibrium price in the market now? Explain your reasoning. Part VI. How many units of output each firm produces? Show your work. Part VII. How much profit each firm makes now? Show your work. Part VIII. What is the consumer surplus? Show your work. Part IX. Under which competition, Cournot vs. Bertrand, social welfare is higher? Show your work.
- Consider a single country and a single good. The demand curve for this good is given by QD = 144 - 4P. Thereare two firms serving the market: Firm A and Firm B, where Firm A has a marginal cost of $20 and Firm B hasa marginal cost of $16. There are no fixed costs incurred by either firm. Assume that these firms compete in Bertrand fashion. Part I. What is the equilibrium price in the market? Explain your reasoning. Part II. How many units of output each firm produces? Show your work. Part III. How much profit each firm makes? Show your work. Part IV. What is the consumer surplus? Show your work.Suppose that only one firm, Big Foot, sells footballs in the country and international trade of footballs including both exporting and importing is prohibited by government due to Big Foot’s successful lobby. The following equations indicates Big Foot’s market demand and total cost:• Demand: P = 5-0.5Q• Total Cost: TC = 1.5 + 0.5Q + 0.25 Q2where Q is quantity (in 1000) and P is the price measured in dollars. (i) Determine how many footballs Big Foot chooses to produce, the price it will set for its product and its expected profit. Illustrate your analysis with a propermarket diagram.(ii) Evaluate the size of deadweight loss cause by monopoly status of Big Foot. Suppose that the parliament passed a new law that not only allows everyone to sell footballs but also opens international trade of footballs. Suppose further that the market demand in the country remains the same while the price of football in the competitive global market is $3 including shipping and importation fee. Analyse…Consider a single country and a single good. The demand curve for this good is given by QD = 144 - 4P. Thereare two firms serving the market: Firm A and Firm B, where Firm A has a marginal cost of $20 and Firm B hasa marginal cost of $16. There are no fixed costs incurred by either firm. Assume that these firms compete in Cournot fashion. Part I. How many units of output each firm produces? Show your work. Part II. What is the equilibrium price in the market? Show your work.Part III. How much profit each firm makes? Show your work. Part IV. What is the consumer surplus? Show your work.
- Suppose the cost of producing product X (all in perfectly competitive markets) in 3 small countries (A, B, and C) each with different tariff structures that compose the world is as follows (using a common currency): Country A B C Cost 50 40 30 =========== A union (FTA) between country A and country C while keeping a 50 percent tariff on imports of X Select one: worsens country A’s welfare allows country A to import product X from the world’s cheapest source improves country A’s welfare diverts what would have been imported of product X from country B --------------------------------------------- =========== If A imposes a 100 percent tariff on imports of product X: Select one: the price of X in country A will rise the price of X in country B will rise country A will not import product X country A will import from country CIgrushka is a profit-maximizing firm producing wooden dolls-a capital-intensive good-which are sold in its home country, Russia, and abroad in France. Igrushka chose foreign production as a method of penetrating the French market and has to decide whether it is more efficient to directly invest in France to establish a production subsidiary or to license the technology to a French firm to produce its goods. On the following graph, AVCFrance is the average variable cost curve of a French firm producing wooden dolls. (This curve represents costs such as labor and materials.) The curve ATCSubsidiary represents the total unit costs Igrushka will face if it establishes a subsidiary in France. PER-UNIT COST (Dollars) 10 9 8 1 0 0 ATC 15 Subsidiary 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 PRODUCT (Thousands) AVC France 135 150 ? 4Question 3 The inverse market demand for fax paper is given by P=100-Q. There are two firms who produce fax paper. Firm 1 has al cost of production of C₁= 15*Q₁ and firm 2 has a cost of production of C₂=20*Q₂. 1) Suppose firm 1 and firm 2 compute simultaneously in quantities. What are the Cournot quantities and prices? What are the profits of firm 1 and 2? 2) Suppose firm 1 and firm 2 compete simultaneously in prices. What are the Bertrand quantities and prices? What are the profits of firm 1 and 2? 3) Suppose that firm play a Stackelberg game. First firm 1 sets the quantity in t=1, then, knowing which quantity firm 1 has set, firm 2 chooses the quantity in t=2. What are the Stackelberg quantities and prices? What are the profits od firm 1 and 2? Compared to part a) which firm benefits and which firm loses?