1. A phylogenetic system that defines groups by distinguishing between ancestral and derived characteristics. A. Cladistics B. Cladogram D. Taxonomy B. Phylogenetic tree
Q: 3. Derived characters are used to distinguish members of similar taxa. 4. When a is it is not to an…
A: Taxonomic diversity is defined as the average taxonomic route taken by randomly selected…
Q: 2. Identify and group the following words into two groups if is a fossil or a trace fossil.
A: Fossil and Trace Fossil -- Taphonomy is a field of Paleontology ( branch of fossil in which study of…
Q: 2. Using the labels (numbers and letters), identify the following concepts of relatedness in the…
A: Cladograms(phylogenetic trees) are graphical charts that depict the hypothetical correlations…
Q: The biological species concept classifies a species based ona. morphological characteristics.b.…
A: The Biological Species Concept defines the species taxon as the group of organisms that can…
Q: 12. Which of the following is/are the importance of cladistics/phylogeny? a. It helps in the…
A: 12)Importance of the cladistics or phylogeny.
Q: 2 Indicate in the following cladogram? A -B E The point at which species C and D diverged The common…
A: In the following cladogram, the correct answer is the last option which says the point at which…
Q: 1. Which describes the modern classification system? a. based on evolutionary relationships b.…
A: The classification system for the living organisms in the older times used similar characters and…
Q: In order to determine polarity for different states of a character a. there must be a fossil…
A: In order to determine polarity for different states of a character;
Q: In a paraphyletic group a. all species are more closely related to each other than they are to a…
A: No polyphyly can occur within a paraphyletic group, because their similarity reflects…
Q: 2. Using the labels (numbers and letters), identify the following concepts of relatedness in the…
A: Introduction: Cladogram: Clados: Branch Gramma: Character It is a diagram in order to show the…
Q: Provide an example of a well known group (taxonomic) name that has been rendered non-monophyletic…
A: Answer :- Taking care of the fundamentals of taxonomy categorization and how to peruse phylogenetic…
Q: What do scientists use to apply cladistics? a. homologous traits b. homoplasies c. analogous traits…
A: The changes in the characteristics of species over a course of time are called evolution. A…
Q: 7. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the "Chimp"? a. It has a homologous characteristic with…
A: The answers for the following questions are: 7. The correct option is (d) 8. The correct option is…
Q: 9. What biological classification system is based on analysis of traits, genetic makeup or…
A: I gave you the answers below
Q: A systematic approach to classify organisms based on traits? 2. A species that jave a derived trait,…
A: Since there are two unrelated questions in this particular question, I will answer the first one for…
Q: In cladistic analysis, (a) ancestral characters are used to reconstructphylogenies (b) characters…
A: Cladogram analysis i.e., diagram of hierarchically branching is called as Cladistic analysis, which…
Q: 3. Which of the following phylogenies is different from the other three? B B DECGA F E G A a -F
A: A phylogenetic tree is a branching diagram or a tree showing the evolutionary relationships among…
Q: 1. What is a phylogenetic tree and why are they considered a "powerful tool for studying the history…
A: Phylogenetic tree shows the evolutionary relationships between various species and other things…
Q: 1. What role did plate tectonics play in speciation? Group of answer choices a.reshaped the…
A: Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first three questions for you. If you…
Q: 4. Fill in the blanks below to identify three examples of sister relationships. i. Descendant is…
A: Monophyletic group consist of composed groups of organisms that show most recent common ancestor and…
Q: 1) How have scientists created the "tree of life"? Do you think that variations exist between these…
A: As per the guidelines, first question is answered. In evolutionary exhibits the evolutionary trees…
Q: Q1: It is a group descending from one common ancestor A. Monophyletic B. Polyphyletic C.…
A: • Monophyletic : The taxon that includes organisms that descended from a single common ancestor is…
Q: A clade is_____ . a. defined by a derived character c. a hypothesis b. a monophyletic group d. all…
A: A clade is a group, consisting of an common ancestor and all its descendants, a single "branch" on…
Q: 5. Which among the following statements incorrectly describes a cladogram? Cladogram is the same as…
A: Evolution is the change in characteristics of species over generations. The theory of evolution…
Q: 2. Using the labels (numbers and letters), identify the following concepts of relatedness in the…
A: In phylogenetic studies, the most suitable method to visually represent the evolutionary…
Q: III. Label the parts of the rooted phylogenetic tree below. 17. 18. 19. -20. branch point B.…
A: The branching in a rooted tree demonstrates evolutionary links. A branch point, or the point where a…
Q: 1 A group of taxa that consists of a common ancestor and all of its descendants, (the equivalent to…
A: As per the honor code, we only answer one question at a time. Therefore we re answering the first…
Q: 1. a) What is a phylogenetic tree? b) What do the lines and branches in a phylogenetic tree…
A: a) A Phylogenetic tree is a visual representation of relationship between different organisms,…
Q: 10. Taxonomy versus Phylogenetics For novice biologists, taxonomy and phylogenetics are difficult…
A: CONTRAST BETWEEN TAXONOMY AND PHYLOGENETICS:- 1)Taxonomy is the description of species and large…
Q: In taxonomy, what traits have been used to classify species? Select all that apply. A. Differences…
A: Taxonomy can be defined as a scientific study of naming & classifying organisms on the basis of…
Q: Phylogenetic trees are based on a. natural selection. b. genetic drift. c. homology. d. none of the…
A: Introduction Evolution is the key process which regulates the survivability and continuity of…
Q: 8. Label the phylogenetic tree and answer the questions. a. Place A on the tree at the location of…
A: The phylogenetic tree is also called the evolutionary tree and it helps to determine the…
Q: What is true about organisms that are a part of the same clade? a. They all share the same basic…
A: The term ‘clade’ was coined in 1957 by the biologist Julian Huxley to refer to the result of…
Q: Compare and contrast the concepts of taxonomy, phylogeny, and cladistics. Explain the focus of each…
A: Taxonomy (from ancient Greek t???? taxis, arrangement, and ??µ?a nomia, method) is the academic…
Q: 2. Why are paraphyletic groups considered as bad groups in a phylogenetic tree?
A: According to the question, we have to explain the reason that the paraphyletic groups are considered…
Q: ______ is a way of reconstructing evolutionary history based on derived characters. a. Cladistics c.…
A: Cladistics is a way of reconstructing evolutionary history based on derived characters. Cladistics…
Q: 2. Draw a simple phylogenetic tree identifying the root. node, outgroup, sister group. Using the…
A: A phylogenetic tree is a diagram that represents evolutionary relationships among organisms.
Q: 1. What are the two ways of finding the age of a fossil? 2. Describe how relative dating works. 3.…
A: Paleontology refers to the history of life on the earth based on the fossil records. Fossils are the…
Q: 1. How many taxa are there in your cladogram? 2. Which animal is the outgroup from your cladogram?
A: A cladogram is the pictorial representation of hypothetical or phylogenetic relationship among…
Q: 1. Differentiate between other species concepts and recognize examples, including: Morphological…
A:
Q: 1. Based on the tree below, which statement is not correct? Salamander Lizard Goat Human a. The…
A: Phylogeny is defined as the study of a species or a group of related species' evolutionary history.…
Q: 1. What part is presented under letter A in the diagram? a. clade b. node C. root d. sister group 2.…
A: Evolution is a continuous transition of living forms, beginning with the basic forms of the past and…
Q: 4) What makes Archeopteryx an important fossil evolutionarily? A)This species has a mix of…
A: Fossil is preserved, impression, or trace of an organism of past geologic ages in earth crest.…
Q: When using a cladistic approach to systematics, which of the following is considered most important…
A: The cladistic approach can be defined as a method of categorizing the organisms into different…
Q: Constructing a cladogram______ . a. may involve parsimony analysis b. helps us rank species into…
A: Constructing a cladogram helps us rank species into taxa.
Q: 1. Explain why the homologous structures in part I are evidence of evolutionary relationships.
A: The figures that are shown in Part I are structures of homologous organs. These are the structure of…
Q: 1. A primitive character is known as a. plesiomorphy b. apomorphy c. synapomorphy d. amorphy 2. What…
A: Q1. A primitive character is known as a. plesiomorphy b. apomorphy c. synapomorphy d. amorphy Q…
Q: 5. A systematist is studying the phylogenetic relationships between five (5) organisms (shown in the…
A: A diagram that shows evolutionary relationship between different species is known as phylogenetic…
Q: 2. Examine the phylogeny below, which is the phylogeny for all extant species from a genus of birds,…
A: Phylogeny for extant species refers to the evolution history of a group of species that are living…
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- Directions: Use the cladogram below to answer the questions on this worksheet. C. Sharks D. Ray-finned fish Amphibians Primates Rodents & rabbits Crocodiles Vertebrae 7. What trait separates amphibians from primates on this cladogram?. 8. What separates rabbits and primates from crocodiles on this cladogram? 9. Which organism is most related to the bird on this cladogram? 10. What 5 traits do the bird and the other organism from #19 have in common? A. Four limbs Bony skeleton Amniotic ego 11. Which organism is more closely related to an Amphibian: Ray-Finned Fish or Bird? 12. How many traits do Amphibians and Primates have in common? Birds Eggs with shellChoose the correct answer. Q1: These are the specific name of an independent taxonomic group of any rank. A. CharacterB. Character statesC. TaxonD. Clade Q2: These organisms look similar but have no recent common ancestors A. MonophyleticB. PeriphyleticC. PolyphyleticD. Paraphyletic Q3: Lemurs’ blue eyes and humans’ blue eyes arise from separate evolutionary origins, this suggests a ______________.A. Divergent evolutionB. MacroevolutionC. MicroevolutionD. Convergent evolutionConstruct a cladogram (This is all about Biology: Systematics Based on Evolutionary Relationships: Cladistics and Phylogeny). Steps: 1. Choose a group of organisms (e.g. invertebrates);2. Download pictures of different species.3. In tabular form, list all the characters. Evaluate the characters (whether primitive or derived).4. Remember that in building your cladogram, use only shared derived characters.5. Construct your own cladogram.
- 8. Label the phylogenetic tree and answer the questions. a. Place A on the tree at the location of the common ancestor for all taxa shown on the tree. b. Place B on the tree at the location of the most recent common ancestor for frogs and lizard. c. Place C on the tree at the location of the most recent common ancestor for frogs and humans. d. Place D on the tree at the location of the most recent common ancestor for lizard and humans. e. Assuming the tree provided reflects the true evolutionary history among these organisms, discuss the evolutionary relatedness among frogs, lizards, and humans. Is the frog more closely related to the lizard or the human? Explain.TEST I: MATCHING TYPE: Match the concept of column A in column B. Write your answer on the column before each number. A В 1. systematics 2. taxonomy 3. identification 4. nomenclature 5. classification 6. description A. binomials B. group of organisms C. evolutionary history D. unique features E. shared derived characteristics F. numerical taxonomy 7. dichotomous key G. primitive 8. cladogram 9. scientific names H. species concept I. Presents two choices based on the key characteristics of the organisms. J. Assignment of attributes or features to a 10. taxon taxon. K. Associating an unknown taxon to a known one. 11. phylogeny 12. phenetic L. Arrangement of entities into some type of order. 13. apomorphies M. Assignment of names utilizing a formal system. N. Conceptually represents evolutionary pattern of descent. O. Describes biodiversity. P. Human verbal speech Q. outgroup R. Carl Linnaeus 14. synapomorphies 15. plesiomorphic and analyses Earth'sTopic: Role of Molecular Biology in Evolutionary Classification How does the recently developed DNA technology help scientists establish a more accurate classification scheme? Information on DNA can often indicate relatedness between organisms and even provide data on how long they have been evolving separately. Discuss the influence of DNA and molecular biology on the future of evolutionary classification.
- III. BUILD YOUR OWN CLADOGRAM. DIRECTIONS: Given the following organisms, create a simple cladogram and indicate the trait/s that separate/s them from each other. Organisms: Philippine crocodile tawilis sparrow hagfish tamaraw1. Define and explain taxonomy. List the major taxonomic levels from most general to most specific. 2. Define and explain binomial nomenclature. 3. Explain the difference between Lamarck's Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics and Darwin's Natural Selection. Provide an example in your explanation.TRUE OR FALSE 1. The science of cladistics produces a system for naming and classifying organisms. 2. The broadest categories in the system of classification, bellow kingdom level, are called phyla. 3. The only taxonomic unit that is needed to be written in entirely lower case letters are the genus level. 4. When all the organisms in one taxon comes from a single common ancestor, the taxon is considered to be monophyletic. 5. The presence of opposable thumbs in humans and other apes means that we share a common ancestor; this character shows homology. 6. When a derived character is shared by members of the clade, the process is called a symplesiomorphy. 7. Sexually and asexually reproducing organisms which includes polyphyletic groups are known as the phylogenetic species concept. 8. Sympatric speciation occurs when the formations of new species happen in the same geographic area. 9. When a tree is unrooted, it is not necessary needed to have an outgroup. 10. Derived characters are…
- A. Directions: Examine the following statements, then decide whichevidence of evolution does it supports. Choose whether biogeography,fossil records, molecular biology, structure, or embryology. 1. Vertebrates have tails at some point in their early development. 2. Difference in the beaks of finches found in Galapagos Island compared to those that are found in mainland. 3. Diversification of marsupials and absence of other mammals in Australia. 4. Remnants of ancient ferns that are found in the continents of Africa and South America.Q1: These are the specific name of an independent taxonomic group of any rank. A. Character B. Character states C. Taxon D. Clade Q2: These organisms look similar but have no recent common ancestors A. Monophyletic B. Periphyletic C. Polyphyletic D. Paraphyletic Q3: Lemurs’ blue eyes and humans’ blue eyes arise from separate evolutionary origins, this suggests a ______________. A. Divergent evolution B. Macroevolution C. Microevolution D. Convergent evolutionFor novice biologists, taxonomy and phylogenetics are difficult concepts to understand and keep separate. This confusion is made worse because modern taxonomic methods make use of molecular tools. Write an essay that contrasts taxonomy to phylogenetics and explain how both disciplines are important to our understanding of species and evolution. Your essay should include a description of taxonomy and phylogenetics, as well as a detailed explanation about how information is represented in a phylogenetic tree or a cladogram.