The Effects Of Police Brutality On The Relationship

There is no question that police brutality, when it occurs, is one of the most egregious violations of public trust that a public servant can commit. Police officers, those individuals taxed with protecting the public from danger, should never be in a situation where they pose a threat to the public. Furthermore, there is no question that police brutality occurs. Moreover, generally when there are allegations of police brutality, there has been some type of underlying violent incident. In addition, while issues of brutality may seem clear-cut to a disinterested observer, it is critical to keep in mind that law enforcement officers are not presented with textbook examples of the appropriate or inappropriate use of force, but real-life scenarios involving quick decisions. There are many arrest and non-arrest scenarios where officers need to use force to protect self or others; and the degree of force required may be greater than what a disinterested observer would assume. Another recurrent issue in debates about police brutality is that racial bias appears to be a motive behind police brutality. When one considers that minorities are disproportionately likely to be arrested and convicted of crimes, one would expect to find a disproportionate number of minorities among those alleging police brutality. Therefore, while acknowledging that police brutality, when it occurs, is a serious problem, the reality is that most

While police see the action of racial profiling as a normal police tactic, minority groups see the actions as racist (Young, 2011).

Racial profiling remains a dormant issue in the United States. It is the act of the authority, mostly, police officers linking minority status to criminal behaviour (Glover, 2007). Several police officers in the United States target specific groups because they don’t display characteristics of typical Caucasian individuals (Glover, 2007). To put history into context, before 9/11, not many police officers profiled individuals based on their ethnic backgrounds but after the attack, there was an increase in racial profiling (Harris, 2006). A racial profiling method that became prevalent in the 1980s in the United States was administered by the U.S Drug Enforcement Administration. Operation Pipeline was a program that they launched to help police officers catch drug traffickers (Harris, 2006). In a video, they taught police officers to look for clues that would help them recognize criminals. It was noticed that police officers made a majority of stops to people with Hispanic last names (Harris, 2006). Marshall Frank, a former police officer was asked what police officers should do if they saw an African man driving around a white community. Frank responded by stating that the police officers should stop the vehicle and investigate the reason to why he was there even if there was no occurrence of a crime (Harris, 2006).

This paper outlines the studies, incidents, facts and statistics that have found evidence of racial profiling which causes distrust in the law enforcements (police, government etc0. Studies of racial profiling shows that blacks, Hispanics, Middle Eastern and other racial minorities are more likely to be stopped than those who are white. They are more likely to be stopped and searches, traffic stops, license and registration checks. In addition they are more likely to be ticketed or arrested after being stopped and search. Some scholars and studies believes that minorities being that are frequently stopped and searched has nothing to do with them being racially profiled. According to Roh and Robinson,” studies raise the possibility that minorities may be more involved in criminality (Gaines, 2006), some drug crimes (Lichtenberg, 2006), and speeding offenses (Lange, Johnson, & Voas, 2005), thereby justifying higher stop and arrest rates by police of some groups.” (Roh, S., & Robinson, M.)

Since way back in the day, racial and ethnic minorities have received a good amount of exposure to the police. In the recent times, people have been attaching the term “racial profiling” to the practice of picking out Blacks and other racial and ethnic groups for increase of police exposure in hopes of preventing and reducing crime. While I was doing research I read a poll and it said that 46.8% of respondents felt that the relations between Blacks and Whites will always be a problem. I thought that was a really interesting poll in my opinion and I agree with it only half way. A study conducted by Higgins took a New York poll that included a large sample of Hispanics. The poll concluded, “Blacks were more likely than other groups to express the view that racial profiling was widespread. Blacks also were more likely to view racial profiling as unjustified. They also were more likely to believe that they had been profiled. Hispanics also were more likely than non- Hispanics to believe that racial profiling was pervasive. (Higgins 14) In 2004 the data

The history of Police Brutality for minorities; especially people of color has left America wondering have times changed. Police brutality has deemed the opportunity for socioeconomic advancement or access to good and services for many Black/African Americans dating back as far as 1955. The system of Police brutality has affected many realms of society for minorities’ employment and family life. After some scholarly research, police brutality is still prevalent in the Black/African American community; moreover, it comes in many different forms and fashions. Police brutality is the use of excessive and/or unnecessary force by police when dealing with civilians. Excessive use

Throughout the last one hundred and fifty years, there has been a history of tension and conflict between the police and minority communities in the United States. In principle, the police exist to enforce the law and protect all citizens regardless of race or ethnic background, yet police departments across the country have been repeatedly accused of targeting and harassing racial minorities, and of failing to root out racist attitudes and practices within their ranks. In recent years, high profile cases such as the beating of Rodney King in Los Angles and the assault on Abner Louima in New York have only served to heighten concerns over the mistreatment of minorities by the police, resulting in widespread calls for major legal and institutional reforms. The recent shootings of Michael Brown, Ezell Ford, Eric Garner, and Terrance Crutcher underscore the danger Black men and boys face when they cross paths with law enforcement officers. In the absence of a coordinated national strategy, state and local police departments have largely been left to develop their own solutions to the problems of policing minority communities and improving cultural sensitivity amongst their officers. Many departments have sought to reform recruitment and selection policies in the hope of attracting greater numbers of minority applicants, while others have instituted diversity training and education programs aimed at improving police understanding of minority cultures and communities. To date, however, these efforts have yielded mixed results. Some departments have achieved notable successes, but on the whole, relations between the police and minority communities across the country remain strained. of cultural diversity and the police.

Historically there has been conflict between the american police force and members of minority groups. In recent years this conflict has moved into the eye of the public, through the media attention given to events like Ferguson. Outrage and unrest ensued and the backlash from these events were felt all over the US if not internationally. The result of these events lead to politicians and the police pledging reforms to improve the relations between law enforcement and members of minority groups. However many still believe that nothing has changed and that law enforcement is still more likely to use excessive force when dealing with members of those minority groups. Research has started to be conducted on this issue and many try to find solutions. This paper will provide a literary review of the current literature regarding this topic and will further provide some ways in which the relationship between law enforcement and the public can be improved.

We often trust police officers to protect our homes and our loved ones, but what if the officers we trust can actually harm our loved ones? Over the past few years, unjustified shootings, rough treatments, and severe beatings have been on and off on our tv screens and on our phones. We hear various stories especially from minorities about their unforgettable encounters with police officers who hurt and accused them. According to CopCrisis, almost 3,000 Americans have died over the past three years. One of the relevant factors why this issue keeps happening is racial discrimination. Police officers have been discriminating and accusing minorities over the littlest offenses like selling DVDs outside supermarkets or

Tensions between police and communities of color have been happening since 1704 in South Carolina. Racial profiling is unconstitutional and harmful to human beings and today's society people can approve that racial profiling persists. Racial profiling is often encouraged to police officers when they either find a street-level crime, counterterrorism or even immigration law. Police cultures inculcate a sense of rights to authority over the rest of society. Due to their culture, certain officers are the ones that can set an image to the society so that people can follow them and understand they are doing the right thing, but it is a disturbing matter knowing that police officers does racial profiling.

In our community that is predominantly Hispanic, police officers display racial profiling when they encounter a low rider vehicle or a young driver driving an expensive vehicle. Police departments train their officers to prevent racial profiling; yet, departments still find themselves facing expensive litigation over civil rights concerns.

Racial Profiling has been used by law enforcement officials from early 60’s during the civil rights movement. The term “racial profiling” which was introduced to criticize abusive police practices against people of different race, ethnicity or national origin. One must assess how to understand the practice, and how to keep it distinct from other issues. Racial profiling is defined as “any police-initiated action that relies on the race, ethnicity, or national origin, rather than the behavior of an individual or information that leads the police to a particular individual who has been identified as being, or having been, engaged in criminal activity.” (Ramirez 5).

Most people and researchers will agree that the use of excessive force by law enforcement causes a threat to the relationship between the police and the community they serve, but there are few who might argue differently. The few individuals who argue differently claim that our awareness of police brutality is on the rise because of more media coverage and more cellphones and cameras which captures the use of force by police by posting them on the internet. Others might argue police brutality is not just a black or minority issue but an issue for all races including Caucasians. However, it is to be noted that those who are minorities mistrust law enforcement because they treat them differently. There are thousands and thousands of facts, statistics, and evidence which prove that it exists and it ruins the relationship with minority communities across Canada and the United States. How are people supposed to trust the police when they are harassed, intimidated or killed by law enforcement because of how they look? The majority of the people in low income areas are fearful of law enforcement because they do not know what will happen to them if they are stopped because they have this mindset that if the encounter goes wrong they might get killed.

A major issue that has been at the forefront of the topic of race in America is racial profiling. This practice of targeting individuals based on the individual’s race is not new and has been in use for many many years. However it has recently come to national attention with the killing of unarmed black teenagers by police officers. The issue of racial profiling not only highlights the lack of equality in America but the issue of policemen using excessive force when dealing with criminal activity.

The Los Angeles Police Department has a reputation for using race as a basis to catch criminals. Racial profiling is the use of race or ethnicity as grounds for believing an individual is suspicious of committing a crime. Discriminatory or abusive behavior towards people of color affects the justice system and violates people’s human rights. The LAPD continues to use racial profiling against mostly African-Americans and Latinos. The use of racial profiling by the LAPD prevents the police from serving the whole community. Because of the LAPD’s neglect towards certain neighborhoods, the neglect causes those communities to not trust or want to work with the police. Racial profiling should not be used by the LAPD because it is immoral,