M1- Discuss the Role of Energy in the Body Essay

Energy is expended in a number of different ways such as the stated above; resting metabolic rate, thermic effect of activity, thermic effect of feeding and adaptive thermogenesis. An individual’s energy balance is the balance of calories consumed through eating and drinking compared to calories burned through physical activity, what an individual drinks and eat is energy in. what an individual burns though physical activity is energy out. Body weight is maintained and stable in the state of energy balance, the chemical bonds of carbohydrates, proteins and fats in food contain chemical energy which is then transformed in the human body in multiple metabolic processes to cellular energy, heat or stored energy. An individual’s burns a certain number of calories just by breathing air and digested food. They also burn a certain number of calories through their daily routine, an important part of maintaining energy balance is the amount of physical activity an

1. When we say that something gives us “energy,” what does that mean? What is a biological definition of energy?

* Energy is required because it allows most functions and reactions to happen in the organism

P4- Explain the physiology of two named body systems in relation to energy metabolism in the body.

Energy keeps all living organisms alive, as they need a continual supply of energy to function in order to survive. Some of these processes are continuous such as, metabolism, which is the chemical reactions which occur in the body, these occur by using or releasing energy from chemical substances. Another continuous process which use energy is the transporting of molecules in order for them to break down, and to build new ones. The breakdown of large molecules into their simpler forms to release energy is known as catabolism, for example, when glucose is used in a cell to release energy. And the opposite reaction, is called anabolism. This is when energy is used to build complex structures from simple cells, for example, tissue growth and

Energy metabolism comes in different types such as Anabolism and Catabolism energy. They all make sure that energy breaks down

Energy metabolism is where the nutrients oxygen and glucose are took in and delivered the organs. Energy is needed in order for our body to be able to function. Energy helps break down molecules and to build new molecules.

Catabolism is the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller units to produce energy. In the digestive system, large substances such as molecules of fats and oils are broken down by an Enzyme called lipases into fatty acids, which is used and stored as energy. For example, when an athletic swimmer swims for a long time, they are due to run out of energy because they naturally get exhausted; hence, the body tends to use the stored energy in the muscles (fatty acids) to get the athlete energised again.

The 3 types of cellular transport that I am including are Osmosis, Active Transport, and Facilitated Diffusion. Osmosis allows water to move from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration until both sides are equal. During Osmosis, only water molecules can pass through, and sugar molecules cannot pass through the membrane. This process requires no energy from the cell. An example of osmosis is in an hypotonic red blood cell, which will cause the cell to burst due to the cell having too much water. Cells can regulate water concentrations through osmoregulation. Active transport requires energy because it pumps solute against its concentration gradient. Energy for this work is usually supplied by ATP. To

A cell needs to perform diffusion in order to survive. Substances, including water, ions, and molecules that are required for cellular activities, can enter and leave cells by a passive process such as diffusion. Diffusion is random movement of molecules in a net direction from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration order to reach equilibrium. Diffusion does not require any energy input. Diffusion is needed for basic cell functions - for example, in humans, cells obtain oxygen via diffusion from the alveoli of the lungs into the blood and in plants water

All living organisms need the energy to perform the basic life functions. Cells use a process called cellular respiration to obtain the energy needed. In cellular respiration, cells convert energy molecules like starch or glucose into a cellular energy called Adenosine triphosphate(ATP). There are two types of cellular respiration which include: Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration. In aerobic respiration, cells will break down glucose to release a maximum amount of ATP this takes place in the presence of oxygen. Aerobic also produces carbon dioxide and water as waste products and it takes place in the mitochondria. on the other hand, anaerobic respiration, a metabolic process, also produces energy and uses glucose, but it releases less energy and does not require the

The cell’s energy is used for moving molecules across the cell membrane. This sometimes involves pumping solutes into and out of the cell. This process requires energy so it is known as active transport. During active transport molecules are moved against their concentration from areas of low concentration to ones of high concentration. Examples of active transport occur in the nerve cells and in the intestines. Proteins, ions, large cells, and complex sugars are all types of particles moved by active transport. Active transport uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to move molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration. Some proteins are on the inside of the cell while others are on the outside. When they cross the lipid bilayer they can move molecules and ions in and out of the cell.

down. Anabolism refers to the process that makes or produces needed cellular constituents or biosynthesis. Metabolism includes all biochemical processes that permit an organism to grow, to live, to reproduce, to adjust in an environment. Bypass reactions are some sort of reactions that omit some steps or remove some reactions that would be difficult to achieve in the reverse direction.

All forms of life need energy. This energy is attained through a process called metabolism. Metabolism converts the fuel in the food we eat into energy needed to power everything we do. This process is a series of chemical reactions that take place inside the body’s cells. Metabolism is essential for life.

Proximodistal Pattern (p.83): This concept concerns the sequence of growth. This concept believes that growth begins in the medial or center portions of the body and gradually moves outward to the extremities or appendages. I think that this concept is interesting because infants have motor control of their arms, but struggle using their hands and fingers until they are a little older. It is not a deficit of any kind, but simply a step in their developmental growth.