What is Homicide?
This paper deals with explaining from an analytical view, what homicide is, first, by looking at who the homicide offender and who the homicide victim is. Second, the commonality of homicide will be analyzed through quantitative and qualitative aspects. Third, homicidal patterns will be reviewed by patterns prevalent within the United States and Pennsylvania. Finally, an analysis will be provided of the most common homicidal patterns in the United States and Pennsylvania.
Homicide
Homicide is the act of one human being causing the death of another. English Common Law, the foundation of most American Common Law (Davenport, 2012), groups homicide into three different categories: criminal homicide, justifiable homicide,
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In the United States, homicide offenders were primarily black males under age 25 (Cooper, Smith, 2011). Homicide offenders possess four typologies. First personality type is an over-controlled-repressor type characterized by an absence of reported disturbance, but a marked tendency to make use of denial and avoidance mechanisms. Second personality type is a paranoid-aggressive type showing sever and widespread psychopathology and poor impulse control. Third personality type is a depressed-inhibited type who reveal subjective depression, social withdrawal and inhibition. Fourth personality type is a psychopathic group who are extraverted, extra-punitive and impulsive, but who not reveal any subjective distress (Blackburn, 1971). Offenders are typically from the southern states where culture is very influential, most commonly from urban neighborhoods of economic disadvantage, problematic policing, and cultural codes supporting solutions involving retaliatory killing (Kubrin, Weitzer, …show more content…
In the United States, Homicide offending rates followed a pattern similar to victimization rates. Conversely, in Pennsylvania, homicide victim rates were 63% higher than offender rates. Pennsylvania experienced a relatively flat victimization rate while the United States saw a significant decline. Young adults had the highest victimization and offending rates in both the Unites States and Pennsylvania. In both instances, most victims and perpetrators in homicides were male. Homicide offending rates for males and females followed the same general pattern as homicide victimization rates. Males were 7 times more likely than females to commit murder in the United States while Pennsylvania, Males were 4 times more likely than females. Most murders were intraracial with 84% of white offenders killing whites and 93% of black offenders killing
Serial murder is one of the most baffling crimes that occur in the U.S. and all over the world. Knight (2006) defines serial murder as the killing of three or more people over a period of more than 30 days, with a significant cooling-off period. The cooling off period may be weeks, months or even years long. Researchers have proposed various psychological, biological and sociological theories that offer a partial understanding of the nature of serial murder. Some propose that the basis for criminal behavior is a predisposition to violence as well as a mix between environment, personality traits and biological factors. Serial killers are predominantly male. Only 3 percent of serial murders are committed by women (U.S. News and World Report,
Murder, willingly taking another human's life, is considered a heinous crime in the United States, and from the sociological perspective, breaks an important more. Serial Murder, therefore, is a sociologically deviant phenomenon where a person kills two or more people in distinct events, and an FBI overview of serial killers states “No single cause, trait, or even a group of traits can differentiate or identify serial killers … from other types of violent offenders” (FBI). We can, however, use sociological perspectives to identify potential factors in these cases. As a boy, Jeffrey Dahmer was described as being a loner and a poor student- and had been sexually abused by a neighbor. He is homosexual, and all of his victims were males- which
Serial murder crime though rare, is not a a new phenomenon. This crime has been committed for centuries and will continue to be a crime that is committed throughout the world. It is unfortunate and scary that this is probably one of the most serious of crimes that cannot be prevented. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, serial murderers commit their crimes because they want to. Rehabilitation is not obtainable for serial killers due to their inability for remorse and empathy, or to see people as people and not objects(Knight 2006). This research paper will focus primarily on serial murder within the U.S. First and foremost, a legal definition provided by the U.S. Department of Justice will be presented to set forth the discussion of this research paper. As follows will be a detailed discussion explaining serial killer typologies with the use of examples of known serial killers in the U.S. Types of serial killers are: power oriented, mission oriented, visionary, and hedonistic, each typology will be clearly defined and explained. Some serial killers can have a mixture of each typology’s characteristic. Serial killers that will be discussed and used as examples to represent the content of this research paper will be, John Wayne Gacy, Ted Bundy, Robert Berdella, Jeffery Dahmer, and lastly the most prolific serial killer in American history, Gary Ridgeway. Problems with studying serial killing, are that because of rarity and access. Most of what we think
A serial killer is traditional defined as the separate killings of three or more people by an individual over a certain period of time, usually with breaks between the murders. (Angela Pilson, p. 2, 2011) This definition has been accepted by both the police and academics and therefore provides a useful frame of reference (Kevin Haggerty, p.1, 2009). The paper will seek to provide the readers with an explanation of how serial killers came to be and how they are portrayed in the media.
Mass murderers are a diverse group of people. They are a danger to society and it is important to understand the wide variability among these people. The kinds of mass murderers revolve around two central types that branch off to several subtypes. The profile of a mass murderer generally contains a specific set of traits. These people are often driven by one of a series of different motives. In order to achieve their goals, mass murderers have plenty of different methods and weapons at their disposal. Inevitably, the discussion of punishment always ensues when the subject of dangerously destructive killers arises. The study of mass murderers is one that requires analyzing and profiling all of the components that make up a killer, from
This journal is written 3 authors: Assistant Professor of Criminal Justice at the University of Central Florida and received his doctorate from the University of Cincinnati, Steven T. Holmes. Dean of the California School of Forensic Studies at Alliant International University, Eric W. Hickey, Ph.D. and Emeritus Professor in the Department of Justice Administration at the University of Louisville, Ronald M. Holmes, M.A. They constructed different types of females who are serial killers and discussed homicidal behavioral traits. It begins with differentiating
This paper will attempt to prove the relationship between homicide and the varying theories of Criminology which attempt to explain it. It will provide an introduction that will detail the legal definition of homicide, statistics related to its occurrence, evident behavioral patterns behind homicide in the United States, as well as a description of theories that may best describe the reasons for the occurrence of homicide. It will provide public policy prescriptions to attempt to lower the incidence of homicide in the United States before concluding.
Rule: Homicide: The legal definition of homicide is the intentional, premeditated taking of the life of another human being.
The racial stereotyping of minority groups is a prevalent problem within the United State’s criminal justice system. It is a regrettable issue which permeates American society. The young Black male, in particular, is often portrayed as a criminal based on incorrect assumptions regarding who perpetrates crime. There are several components contributing to the criminal stigma of Blacks. The way crime is conveyed by American culture is possibly as important as how crime actually functions. The widespread belief that Black males commit the majority of crime skews the view society’s perception of Blacks. Typifications of Black males include a violent, threatening, thug-like character. The connection between race and crime is so deeply seeded in
Murder on a Sunday Morning is about an African American boy who was wrongly convicted of murder. He was only fifteen years old when his life changed forever. While first watching the documentary, it seems to the audience that Brenton Butler, the convicted boy, is guilty. Mr. Stephens, husband of the victim, Ann Stephens, claims that Butler came over, tried to take Anna Stephens’ purse, and then before she could comply, he raised his gun and shot her in the face. Sadly, Mr. Stephens was the only eye-witness, which is a major red flag, as he is connected to the victim. After being forced by the detective, Butler confesses. Once defense attorney, Patrick McGuinness is involved, he has Butler tell the court of his innocence and thus beings the criminal proceedings for Brenton Butler.
When you see the shows such as Homicide Hunter or Killer Instincts many times my mom and I try to figure out who is the murder. Most of the time my prediction is right because of the details my mom misses, and putting together all the clues. From then on I realised I had a gift, even if it was I was just watching television show. That is what sparked my interest the criminal justice area. I have contemplated the career choices that would best fit my interest leaving me with Homicide Detective and Criminologist. While both careers deal with criminal justice they differ greatly in the type of work environment, pay, skills/education.
The stereotype that exists for individuals who commit serial murder is one that mainly includes males of a specific race. However, it is now known that white males are not the only individuals who commit serial murder. Men and women from all racial and ethnic backgrounds and socio-economic statuses have been found to be serial murderers. Although this information has been presented to society, the cultural schema of the white male serial killer is still prevalent. The assumptions that involve serial murderers often include two aspects, the serial murderer is male and the serial murder is a type of “lust murder”, often involving sexual crimes by a sadist (Keeney and Heide, 1995). Keeney and Heide (1994) define serial murder to be the
Wow, 18 years old and ready to move on into the adult world. You have lived your childhood in safety and warmth, now entering a world with dark, cold hearted people. How will you live your adult life? Well, there is one important thing that should be remembered by all, and that is life will get you down, but you can always recover and keep succeeding.
“The Incidence of Child Abuse in Serial Killers” was performed by Heather Mitchell and Michael G. Aamodt. This research study looked at serial killers and if they experienced child abuse in their childhood; to see if child abuse is a reason that a serial killer performs such heinous crimes. A serial killer is someone who murders multiple persons separately with time in between each kill. In this research study, child abuse is categorized as four different types: physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse, and neglect. Physical abuse is causing or allowing non- accidental harm. Sexual abuse is the practice of any sexual activity that is unhealthy for a child’s development or any illegal sexual that is acted upon a child. Psychological abuse is any emotional damage caused to a child. Neglect is failing to provide necessities a child needs to develop. There are different types of serial killers, based on their motive to kill such as money, the experience of thrill, the sense of power, the desire to get rid of evil people, and lust. This study focuses on lust killers which kill mainly for sexual pleasure. Some lust killers will have sex with their victims then kill them to get
The United States has been a world leader in homicide for centuries. Indeed, “since the early 19th century ...[America has been] the most homicidal country in the Western world” and holds that title today (Kelley, 2009). In a 2007-2008 list of 31 nations, only two nations, Mexico and Chile, had higher homicide rates (Comparison, 2010). Nations with higher populations, such as India and China have fewer homicides (Comparison, 2010). Further, a nation such as Japan, which has a lower population but a higher population density then the United States, has one of the world’s lowest homicide rates (Comparison, 2010). Population size and density, therefore, cannot be the chief reasons for this nation’s higher homicide rates.