u02a1_Andrea Steht

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Capella University *

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Sociology

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Apr 3, 2024

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Social Media in Juvenile Justice Andrea Steht Department of Public Service, Capella University SWK 5016: Integrative Technology in Advanced Social Work Practice Dr. Griselda Villalobos May 1, 2023
Social Media in Juvenile Justice Status crimes are offences committed by a certain class of people, mainly minors, that are not considered crimes when committed by others. In the United States, examples of status crimes committed by minors are running away, breaking curfew, truancy, etc. Many times, these crimes are due to the minor coming from a single-parent home, or they have an older sibling involved in the juvenile justice system. There are 2.8 million children that run away each year. Many of these children run away to escape from physical or sexual abuse. Most runaway before age 18. The children that stay on the streets often gage in delinquent behavior such as shoplifting, selling drugs, panhandling, and robbery. The number of child and adolescent runaways rises each year. Also, child abuse increases the risk of adolescents becoming perpetrators (Kreager, et.al., 2011; Li & Lerner, 2011) The Runaway and Homeless Youth Act of 1974 is an important piece of legislation. It was the start of providing services for runaway and homeless youth, especially those that are sexually exploited. There have been many reauthorizations to this act, the most recent being in 2020. This act helps to provide monies to states to fund programs for these youth. There are 3 major programs covered under RHYA. They are the Basic Center Programs, the transitional living program, and the street outreach program. Each of these programs serve a different population of homeless youth. HR 5191 is the most recent reauthorization of RHYA. One important component is this act provides community-based, trauma-informed services to homeless youth. 100% of youth in Juvenile Detention facilities experience trauma, whether it’s abuse at home, being homeless, or just being removed from their environments due to incarceration.
The Basic Center Programs are very important when helping homeless youth and runaways. These programs offer crisis intervention, after school programs, tutoring, etc. In Illinois, the Illinois Coalition for Community Services ran these programs. When a runaway youth is found, a youth counselor meets the youth and family in a public setting. This mostly happens at police stations late at night and very, very early in the morning. The first goal is to find a safe place for the youth to stay until counseling can begin. The youth counselor sets up the first meeting. The counselor typically meets with the youth and family for about 6 weeks. This is mainly for mediation purposes and to teach the family conflict resolution skills so that the youth will stay home until the age of 18 and so the youth does not end up incarcerated. The basic center programs must offer food, clothing, medical care, and other services youth may need (either directly or by referral). The program must also offer individual, group, and family counseling, education and employment assistance, outreach to youth who may need assistance, and aftercare services for youth following their stay at a shelter. Transitional Living Programs are no longer in place in Indiana. These programs are supposed to be for youth ages 16 to 21. The main problem is youth under 18 cannot sign a legal contract, so most states have TLPs for you ages 18-21. This still leaves a small population of youth homeless. These programs are often run by the same organizations that run the Basic Center Programs or BCPs. The Street Outreach Program has no housing component. These programs are to reach the more aggressive homeless youth population. Many of these youth are involved in gangs and may have criminal records. They are also tied to the BCPs. The main motivation for SOPs is to counteract sexual exploitation of minors. It is the only program that emphasizes organizations going into the streets to reach youth. The greatest hinderance is drop-in centers are limited in their hours
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