tele quiz unit 2

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Athabasca University, Athabasca *

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278

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Political Science

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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What are the similarities and differences between reform liberalism and social democracy? Reform liberalism and social democracy share common roots in liberal traditions, emphasizing individual rights, social welfare, and democracy. The key differences lie in their economic approaches and the role of the state. Reform liberalism tends to favor a regulated market economy with moderate state intervention, seeking incremental changes within existing structures to achieve social justice. On the other hand, social democracy leans towards a mixed economy with a more active role for the state, advocating for substantial systemic changes and a stronger focus on reducing economic inequality through measures like progressive taxation and wealth redistribution. What are the similarities and differences between classical liberalism and neo-liberalism? What do they share in common, where do they diverge? Classical liberalism and neoliberalism both stem from liberal principles, emphasizing individual freedoms and free- market capitalism. They share a commitment to limited government intervention, property rights, and the rule of law. However, their main difference lies in their views on state involvement. Classical liberalism favors minimal state intervention, while neoliberalism allows for more flexibility, especially in market-oriented reforms and deregulation. While both prioritize free markets, neoliberalism is more open to strategic state involvement to ensure efficiency and global competitiveness. Describe the ideological trends in what is often termed the new right? What are the convictions that define it? On what is it premised? Some political scientists describe the new right as a form of conservatism. Considering what you have learned about liberalism and conservatism, would you agree? Explain your position. The New Right, a late 20th-century ideological trend, is characterized by a shift from traditional conservatism. Defined by convictions such as free-market economics, anti-statism, nationalism, social conservatism, and populism, the New Right combines economic liberal principles with socially conservative positions. While it shares economic traits with classical liberalism, its emphasis on national identity aligns it more closely with aspects of traditional conservatism. The New Right is not homogenous, and its characteristics vary across regions and movements. The classification of the New Right as a form of conservatism is debated among political scientists due to its diverse elements and evolving nature. The nuanced features of this ideological trend defy straightforward categorization. What is populism? Does it alter the conservative, liberal, and socialist ideologies that it comes into contact with? Explain. Populism is a political approach emphasizing the concerns of ordinary people against perceived elites. It can manifest within conservative, liberal, and socialist ideologies, altering their traditional features. In conservatism, populism may lead to a more grassroots-oriented and anti-establishment stance. In liberalism, it might shift towards economic protectionism and a direct appeal to working-class concerns. In socialism, populism could introduce nationalistic and anti-globalization themes. Regardless of the ideological context, populism introduces an anti-elitist element, reshaping policy priorities and political strategies. However, its impact varies, and internal tensions within populist movements may arise. Anarchism Communism Conservatism Conservatism, Economic (Fiscal) Conservatism, Moderate (Traditional) Conservatism, Neo- Conservatism, Reactionary Corporate State Enlightenment Equality Fascism Fascism, Corporatist (also called Fascist Corporatism and Fascist Corporate State) Fascism, Neo- Freedom General Will (or volonté générale) Harm Principle Historical Materialism Holocaust Ideology Ideology, Focal Ideology, Political Ideology, Worldview Left Leninism Liberalism, Classical Liberalism, Laissez-Faire Liberalism, Reform Liberalism, Neo- Left Liberalism, Classical Liberalism, Neo- Liberalism, Reform Liberty Marxism

Marxism, Historical Materialism Nazism Nazism, Neo- Populism (Left-wing; Right-wing) Right Right, Christian Right, New Right, Radical Rights Rule of Law Social Darwinism Social Democracy Socialism Socialism, Democratic Socialism, Utopian

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