AVS+1230 Vapor CycleF23

Task 1: Your first customer asked for an internal combustion engine to use it in a designed car. Your role is to describe the operation sequence of different types of available engines, explain their mechanical efficiency, and deliver a detailed technical report which includes the following steps: Describe with the aid of diagrams the operational sequence of four stroke spark ignition and four stroke compression ignition engines. Review the efficiency of ideal heat engines operating on the Otto and Diesel cycles by explaining and generating plot(s) for thermal efficiency, 7 vs compression ratio and cut-off ratio.

O Problem 2 (Exercise 1.8.22a) r------------------ Earlier experiments have shown that a certain component cools in air according to Newton's cooling law with constant of proportionality k = 0.2. At the end of the first processing stage, the temperature of the component is 120 °C. The component remains for 10 min in a large room and then enters the next processing stage. At that time the surface temperature is supposed to be 60 °C. What must the room temperature be for the desired cooling to take place? /

QUESTION 1 A 120-ton capacity chiller, based on a refrigeration cycle, is used to maintain a coolant temperature of 35 deg. F. The chiller exchanges heat to the surrounding air at 70 deg. F. This unit utilizes a 150 hp motor. What is the rate of heat removal from the coolant, in Btu/hr? O1,440,000 O 381,675 O 1,821,675 O 120 QUESTION 2 A powerplant operates between a furnace at 990 deg. Fand cooling water delivered from a nearby river at 70 deg. F. What is the maximum possible efficiency of this powerplant, in %? Oa. 72.8% Ob. 27.2% Oc 92.9% Od.63.4% QUESTION 3 If fuel oil is supplied to a power plant furnace at a rate of 60,000 gallons/hr, and the oil has a heating value of 150,000 Btu/gallon, and the plant has a thermal efficiency of 30%, what is the power output of this plant (in MW)? Oa. 2637.6 Ob.9000 Oc 2700 d. 791.3

If your Household Refrigerator malfunctions in cooling, what could be the reasons for which cooling circuit is malfunctioning?

Qout W H.P. in SOURCE A Carnot heat pump is used to maintain the temperature inside a building at 20 °C. Significantly, the colder it gets outside, the more heat is lost through the walls and windows of the building. Assume that 95 kW of heat are lost for each degree difference between the outside and the inside temperature. That means that the colder it gets, the harder the heat pump will need to work. However, for safety reasons, the controller circuit for the heat pump limits its electrical power consumption to 205 kW. What's the coldest it can get outside before the heat pump can't maintain the building temperature adequately? °C in

a) Point out the similarities and differenoes between the pressuized water reactor (PWR) and the boiling water reactor (BVR) b) Aralyze the advantages and disadvantages of selecting Gas coolant over Liquid-Metal coolant in fast breeder reactor (FBR)

Part 1: Do the Analysis of the Ocean Thermal Gradient Power Plant shown below. Your Analysis will be easier to do in EES but it is up to you. Your EES program must be well documented and documentation in your code should reference system sketches. (The cycle and individual components) These sketches are done on attached engineering or typing paper, unless you are able to draw them in EES. You must validate your results with hand calculations on engineering paper that invoke the 1 and 2 Law from the perspective of the entire cycle, not the individual components. Of course, a system sketch is required. nd 1. An ocean thermal gradient power plant using a simple non-ideal Rankine Cycle operates with a peak boiler temperature of 70 °F and a condenser temperature of 40 °F. The warm surface water of the ocean is supplying the thermal energy to the boiler. Assume a high source temperature of 80 °F. The cooler water deeper in the ocean is the sink for heat rejection at the condenser. Assume a…

Differantial Equations

A very convenient and compact method of representing the process dynamics of linear systems involves the use of _______ and block diagrams. _______ can be obtained by starting with a physical model. ( Note that the two _______ refer to the same term).

V:01 Expert Q&A Done Question 1: In your own words, write down the differences between thermodynamic and heat transfer. (3 Marks) Question 2: Estimate the heat loss per square metre of surface through a brick wall 0.5 m thick when the inner surface is at 400 K and the outside surface is at 300 K. The thermal conductivity of the brick may be taken as 0.7 W/mK. (2 Marks) Question 3: A furnace is constructed with 0.20 m of firebrick, 0.10 m of insulating brick, and 0.20 m of building brick. The inside temperature is 1200 K and the outside temperature is 330 K. If the thermal conductivities are as shown in the figure below, estimate the heat loss per unit area. (5 Marks) 1200 K 330 K Insulating brick X-0.10m k= 0.21 Ordinary brick X=0.20 m Fire brick X= 0.20 m k= 1.4 k= 0.7 (W/mK)

2) The following heating system for a room is considered: ATroom = K1 | Qodt, Qo = Qin - Qout Qout = K2AT,0om room Qin = K3(ATrad – ATr00m) where AT is the room temperature and AT is the radiator temperature. What is room rad the stationary room temperature, if the radiator temperature is 50C and if K1 = 104, K2 = 4, and K3 = 1? A. 40°C В. 20°C С. 10°C D. 30°C Е. None of the previous answers are correct.

16:57 A O * l LTE2 i ethuto.cut.ac.za/webapps/asse 27 ¥ Question Completion Status: QUESTION 53 The following processes occurs in a reversible thermodynamic cycle: 1-2: Reversible polytropic compression at pressure 0.6 bar at volume 0.08 m3 to a pressure 10.2 bar and specific volume 0.4 m3/kg. The index of compression may be taken as n. 2-3: Reversibly expansion with expansion index of 2 to pressure 3 bar. 3-1: Reversible cooling at constant volume to the initial state. Calculate the value of n in the process to 3 decimal places. Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers. Save All Answers Close Window Save and Submit

Thermodynamics Topic: Ideal Gas or Perfect Gas   Solve completely in handwritten with given, req’d & sol’n   Thank you!

Project 2 You are an engineer working in a company that provide compressors for food industry, your manger asked you to do research to investigate the different compressor types along with their applications A. Assess the different types of positive displacement and dynamic compressors available in your company in a simple and brief form so you help clients to determine which type of compressors they will use for their corresponding applications. You will have to discuss the compressor working principle, common application, pressure ratio/operating range, and main advantages and disadvantages. This report should be no more than two pages in length.

17 lı. 9:08 A docs.google.com 5ialy čhāi For producing 1 ton of crude (pig) iron in blast furnace, the quantity of iron * :ore is 0.65 ton 0.2 ton O 0.05 ton O 1.6 ton O ialy ihäi Refrigerator liners, appliance housings, * :and shower stalls are producing by Injection Molding O Extrusion process O Rotational Molding O Thermoforming O iialy ibai The capacity of a . was from .8 to 30 tons of molten iron Oxygen Convertor Open Hearth O Bessemer Convertor O Electrical furnace O نقطة واحدة The polymer production process which including chemical reaction between two polymer materials - * :thermoset is Rotational Molding O Thermoforming Blow Molding O Reaction Injection Molding O O O O O O O

Draw and describe the pyhsical construction, internal energy developed as well as the application of the following set of energy level:  1. Blower 2. Steam Pump 3. AC and DC generators

Double integration method

Generally speaking there are three basic categories of attributes we desire of our refrigerants Performance (efficiency, compatibility, cost) Safety Minimal environmental impact (ODP, GWP and TEWI) Comment on these three basic categories of attributes of refrigerants.

Case study: Roots of equation (use any method under finding roots of equation) Problem: Mechanical engineers, as well as most other engineers, use thermodynamics extensively in their work. The following polynomial can be used to relate the zero-pressure specific heat of dry air, cp kJ/(kg K), to temperature (K): C, = 0.99403 + 1.671 × 10 *T + 9.7215 × 10 *7² -9.5838 × 10 "T³ + 1.9520 × 10¯Upt Determine the temperature that corresponds to a specific heat of 1.2 kJ/[kg K).

pls ans fast subject (dynaics)

Intro to Transport Processes TRUE or FALSE. Please provide a quick explanation thanks! 1. Each molecule of a system has a certain quantity of mass, thermal energy, or momentum associated with it. 2. Momentum transport in a fluid depends bulk movement of molecules and not on individual molecule of the system.  3. At same mass, the momentum of a molecule is greater than the other molecules if it has less velocity?

Write the simplified ENERGY BALANCE equation for each process based on the givenconditions. Start from the general energy balance form, and arrive at the correct balance byexplaining any addition, deduction, or change in the equation.Use the following as subscripts in your answer: 1 = initial system state; 2 = final system state; i = inletstate, e = exit state.a. A rigid tank transferring heat to its surroundings. b. The seal of an insulated system with a high energy substance is broken, causing the contents tobe evacuated until only 20% of the initial internal energy remained. No heat transfer was detectedin the system’s boundaries. c. Consider a hydroelectric power plant operating in steady conditions, wherein the system consistsof two water reservoirs with a height difference Δz, with a Francis water turbine placed betweenthe stream connecting both.

Task 8 - Induction Systems In order for combustion to take place an induction system is required to feed fuel and air into the cylinder of an engine. To improve efficiency and performance spark ignition (SI) engines are now adopting compression ignition (CI) engine technology by injecting fuel directly into the cylinder just before the point of ignition however these engines still require an air induction system. Carburettors: before fuel injection technology had been fully developed carburettors (carbs) were used to create a fuel/air ratio at different engine speeds and loads. A cold start facility was also fitted albeit manually operated. The demand for more performance has meant the fixed choke carb' was no longer suitable. More complex carbs' were developed (twin choke) as well as variable choke (constant depression) carbs which used engine vacuum (during throttle opening) to vary the size of choke according to operating requirements.

Hi guys, Data assumption coal boiler operation : Steam consumption = 300 kg steam/shift, coal price per kg = $0.5, coal calorie = 6300 Kcal/kg. Questions: 1. how to calculate cost ($) steam per shift ? 2. how to calculate steam calorie per shift ?   Thanks

Task 1: - Wind Turbine Electrical Arrangements: There are four types of wind turbines in terms of their electrical design, namely: Type A, B, C and D. Considering the mechanical, electrical, electronic and control design features of these four types, compare them in terms of: Efficiency. Performance.

XYZ Company Ltd has consulted your firm Zig-Zag Energy over an intention to generate electricity in Ghana. Being the senior project engineer for Zig-Zag Energy, management has asked you to prepare a detailed technical report in respect to the project. a) Discuss the major factors to take into consideration when consulting on such projects.                                                                                                           A tank containing air is stirred by a paddle wheel. The work input to the paddle wheels is 2000KJ and the heat transferred to the surrounding from the tank is 6000KJ. b) Determine the change in the internal energy of the system                                              There has been a sharp differences between the board of Blue-Blue Energy over which of the energy sources (hydroelectric power plant-HEP and Coal fired plant) is best for power generation. As an energy expert, you were confronted by the debating faction for your opinion. You…

Task 1 You are a student at the HTU University, the instructor of the fundamental of thermodynamic course asked you to explain the fundamentals of thermodynamic systems to Grade 10 school students to help them visualize the importance of thermodynamics in their life starting from their car engine and moving to the different appliance that they use in their home, discuss the following with school students: Q1. What does thermodynamics mean and represent? Give examples from your daily life. Q2. What is a thermodynamic property? What is the difference between intensive and extensive properties. Why the density is an intensive property; it is dependent on mass and volume which are extensive properties, right?. Q3. What is the difference between energy and heat transfer? Give examples on both. Q4. What does the first law of thermodynamics state? Give two examples on the first law of thermodynamics from your daily life. Q5. Write down the equation of energy balance for closed, open, and…

16:37 A ll LTE2 1t ethuto.cut.ac.za/webapps/asse 27 * Question Completion Status: The following processes occurs in a reversible thermodynamic cycle: 1-2: Reversible polytropic compression at pressure 0.8 bar at volume 0.06 m3 to a pressure 10.2 bar and specific volume 0.5 m3/kg. The index of compression may be taken as n. 2-3: Reversibly expansion with expansion index of 2 to pressure 2.2 bar. 3-1: Reversible cooling at constant volume to the initial state. Calculate the work for the compression in the process to 2 decimal places. Not in kilo or mega. Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers. Save All Answers Close Window Save and Submit

As an environmental engineer working for a consulting company you were asked to evaluate an existing water treatment plant for possible upgrade. One of the treatment unit processes you evaluated was the rapid mix tank. You had the following information. 2. Current average water flow rate 15 x 10' m'/d. Projected flow rate in 20 years 24 x 10' m'/d. Temperature of water varies from 12 to 20° C. No. of rapid mix tank = 1 Dimension of tank: water depth 2.1 m, width 2.1 m, length 2.1 m Tank is not baffled: Mixer is 4-bladed turbine with 45° pitched blade (N, = 1.27) Diameter of impeller 0.9 m Label on the motor: horsepower of motor 10 hp (1 hp 746 watts) rpm of blades = 120 rpm (assume a motor efficiency of 80%) Evaluate whether the rapid mix system (1) Is sufficiently designed for current use? If not, provide some remedies. (i) Will the current system be sufficient for the projected flow rate in 20 years? If not, what are some of your suggestions or additions to meet the projected flow?

17) Consider a carwash application, where the electrical circuit includes several different types of circuit logic (e.g. could be AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR). The circuit logic can be developed by hard-wiring switches or by connecting the switches to digital logic gates that can be used to develop the circuit logic. PHOTOELECTRIC WET-DOWN MAIN CONTROL PANEL AREA- PHOTOELECTRIC S1- S2 WHEEL PULLER PB1 PB2- SOAP AREA PHOTOELECTRIC WASH AREA SOAP AREA EMERGENCY STOP $5 RINSE AREA -PHOTOELECTRIC S3 DRY AREA -WHEEL-PULLER MOTOR STARTER PHOTOELECTRIC S4 PHOTO SWITCH 5 DRYER OVERRIDE SWITCH -WASH AREA EMERGENCY STOP HEATING CONTACTOR M2 DRYER BLOWER MOTOR STARTER