Chapter 8 Use the Data
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Helene Fuld College of Nursing *
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BI122
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Material Science
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Jan 9, 2024
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Enviornmental Science
1.
In map(a), which state shows the highest typical NO
2 pollution from 2015-2019?
a. New Jersey (NJ)
2.
Looking at Maps (a) and (b), which statement is correct about NO
2
levels in and just outside of Boston (all measures are in units of 10
15
molecules/cm
2
)?
d. NO2 levels decreased from over 5.0 to approximately 3.0.
3.
Looking at both maps, which of the following reasons most correctly describes the factor(s) contributing to the changes in air quality across the two figures?
c. NO2 levels significantly decreased as transportation largely stopped around major population centers.
4.
According to recent study New Jersey and Maryland are the two of the five most congested states in the United States in terms of traffic. Comparing the two maps, what conclusion can you draw about how the congestion impact NO
2
levels? Cite data from the
map in your answer
High NO
2
levels are commonly correlated with high levels of traffic congestion. When a car is stuck in traffic, it tends to idle or move slowly, which increases exhaust emissions. It's logical to expect NO
2
levels to rise in regions like New Jersey and Maryland, where traffic congestion is among the worst in the country due to long periods of vehicle idling and slow-moving traffic. Similarly, considering that 2020 was a time when Covid-19 was prevalent and lockdowns were
in place all over the world, it helps to explain why NO
2
levels in those same states are substantially lower, as shown in table b.
5.
Transportation was much lower than the Northeast at states “closed down” for several months of the pandemic. Looking at the maps, note two areas that seem to see the most NO
2
pollution directly related to daily travel for work. Explain your choices.
Amoung the areas on the map two areas that seem to have the most NO
2 would be in the New York area and a by proximity New Jersey. New York City, as one of the most populated and densely packed cities in the country, experiences significant traffic congestion. Despite Covid-
19 lockdowns, reliance on autos for daily travel contributes to its massive NO
2
emissions. In New Jersey, towns like Newark and Jersey City, which are major commuter hubs, are likely to have increased NO2 pollution due to regular work travel, owing to their dense populations and heavy commuting traffic. More so given the fact that it’s close to urban areas like New York.
6.
As one of the most populous areas of the country, the Northeast corridor is a major driver
of economic activity in the United States. Shutting down these states during the COVID-
19 pandemic had a negative impact on the US economy but was seen as a trade-off for public health. Would drastically changing or limiting travel to decrease pollution be a similar trade-off? Or are there other alternatives that should be explored to impact pollution? Use the information in the maps, in the chapter, and in other sources to make your case.
Limiting travel to prevent pollution may create a similar trade-off between environmental
benefits and economic consequences as the pandemic shutdowns. Given the large quantity of NO
2
emissions emitted by cities like New York even during lockdown, perhaps increasing
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