GMontenaro M3 Lab 1 Exploring Density

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SUNY Empire State College *

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1205

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Chemistry

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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12

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Exploring Density Grace Montenaro 2/17/2024 Purpose The purpose of this experiment is to explore the concept of density through four engaging activities. Participants will calculate the densities of three regular solids and determine the densities of solutions by plotting mass versus volume, providing insight into the relationship between mass, volume, and density. Leveraging this data, participants will predict whether objects will sink or float in different solutions based on the densities of both the solutions and the objects. Finally, participants will apply their knowledge to determine the concentration of sucrose in a beverage based on a graph of known sucrose concentration densities. Through these activities, participants will gain hands-on experience with density measurements and develop a comprehensive understanding of how density influences the behavior of objects in various substances.
1 Procedure This experiment starts with the preparation of the solutions and beverages that will be used in activities two and four. To prepare the 7 solutions for activity 7 cups are labeled 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%. These cups and the percentages represent the varying sucrose solutions that will be tested. The correct amount of sucrose is measured with a balance and dissolved onto the corresponding cups. Some heat from a microwave may be used if the solution is not mixing. For activity one, the cylinders that were provided in the lab kit are measured. First the mass is measured and then the height and diameter. Using this data the volume of the cylinders is then calculated and with that calculation the density is determined. This date is recorded in data table one. For activity two the mass of the solutions are then measures in 5mL increments. This is done by taking one of the solutions and measuring the mass of the solution and the graduated cylinder using a balance. Using a pipette 5mL of the solution is added to the graduated cylinder and the mass is recorded in data table 2. Using the pipette to add more solution to make 10mL and record the made. This is repeated until there is 25mL in the graduated cylinder. This is done for every solution. Once this data is collected it will be graphed and used to calculate the density of each solution. For activity three a prediction will be made to whether the different cylinder will float or sink in the varying solutions. This is then tested by placing each cylinder in each solution and recording the date in data table three. Lastly, for activity four, the beverage that was collected in preparation is used. The mass of the beverage is measured by using the same process as in activity two and the date is recorded in data table 4. Using this data the mass vs. volume is graphed for the beverage and that data is used to determine the density of the beverage and the percentage of sucrose in the beverage. Experimental Data Table 1 Cylinder Type Mas s (g) Heigh t (cm) Diamete r (cm) Radius (cm) Calculate d Volume (cm 3 ) Density (g/cm 3 ) Aluminum 4.34 1.3 1.2 .06 1.47 2.95 Acrylic 1.82 1.3 1.2 .06 1.47 1.24 Polyethyle ne 1.52 1.3 1.2 .06 1.47 1.03 © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
2 Table 2 Percentage of Sucrose in Solution Volume (mL) Mass of Solution + Graduated Cylinder (g) Mass of Cylinder (g) Mass of Solution (g) 0% 5 35.02 30.54 4.48 10 40.18 30.54 9.64 15 45.61 30.54 15.07 20 50.43 30.54 19.89 25 54.41 30.54 23.87 10% 5 35.13 30.54 4.59 10 40.58 30.54 10.04 15 45.68 30.54 15.14 20 51.23 30.54 20.69 25 56.09 30.54 25.55 20% 5 35.22 30.54 4.68 10 40.78 30.54 10.24 15 46.23 30.54 15.69 20 52.45 30.54 21.91 25 57.36 30.54 26.82 30% 5 35.44 30.54 4.90 10 41.24 30.54 10.70 15 47.20 30.54 16.66 20 53.11 30.54 22.57 25 58.62 30.54 28.08 40% 5 36.23 30.54 5.69 10 41.60 30.54 11.06 15 48.01 30.54 17.47 © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
3 Percentage of Sucrose in Solution Volume (mL) Mass of Solution + Graduated Cylinder (g) Mass of Cylinder (g) Mass of Solution (g) 20 54.20 30.54 23.66 25 59.60 30.54 29.06 50% 5 36.48 30.54 5.94 10 42.74 30.54 12.20 15 49.40 30.54 18.86 20 55.24 30.54 24.70 25 61.94 30.54 31.40 60% 5 37.05 30.54 6.51 10 43.06 30.54 12.52 15 50.44 30.54 19.90 20 56.81 30.54 26.27 25 63.35 30.54 32.81 Graph the values of mass and volume for each solution, adding intercept 0,0 to each set of data. Add trendline for each plot, and report the results in Table 3. © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
4 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 f(x) = NaN x f(x) = NaN x f(x) = NaN x f(x) = NaN x f(x) = NaN x f(x) = NaN x f(x) = NaN x Volume vs. Mass By Grace Montenaro 0% Linear (0%) 10% Linear (10%) 20% Linear (20%) 30% Linear (30%) 40% Linear (40%) 50% Linear (50%) 60% Linear (60%) Volume (mL) Mass (g) Table 3 Percentage of Sucrose in Solution Equation of the Best Fit Line with y- intercept = 0 Density (slope) in g/cm 3 0% y=4.8705x 4.8705 © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
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