Biology Lab Report - Natural Selection

Directions: Write ADAPT if the statement is under the principle of Jean Baptiste de Lamarck and EVOLVE if the statement is under the principle of Charles Darwin.  1. Species may experience extinction if they are not fitted to live in their environment.   2. Species, which become extinct, just experienced evolution to fit in their environment.  3. Once a trait is developed due to adaptation in environment, it may be passed to succeeding oripnisms.   4. Habitual actions with a specific body part may lead to its changes.   5. Body parts that are of no use but still present in an organism's body are evidence for its ancestor species.   6. Animals with the same body part may have modifications depending on its physical requir. ements.   7. Changes happen in an organism for a long and uniform process.  8. A body part that is no longer used by an organism may lag from its development.   9. Birds grew web-like structure on their feet to be able to feed on the surface of water. 10. Ancestral…

Word Bank Directions: Complete the sentences by dragging and dropping the correct term for the Natural Selection passage and Selective Breeding Natural selection traits variation population passage. adaptation species beak shape food 1. is a process by which organisms best fit for the environment are most likely to survive and reproduce. 2. This is possible because of genetic between individuals in a population. 3. After many generations, the that enhance survival become more widespread through the population over those that do not. 4. Once all members of a have this favorable trait, then it is referred to as an 5. This selection has occurred with nearly every on Earth. 6. The Galapagos medium ground finch, for example, has developed a that is different from other finches on the island. 7. This adaptation occurred due to different sources.

write summary on describing a scenario that illustrates one of the three types of natural selection.  must include the following: a description of the chosen type of selection, an organism and population,three different variations of a specific trait, and how the population shifted from one version of the trait to another and why.

ACTIVITY 9.2: Essay. Directions: Read the situation and identify the points of Darwin’s natural selection. There are 2 types of worms: worms that eat at night (nocturnal) and worms that eat during the day (diurnal). The birds eat during the day and seem to be eating ONLY the diurnal worms. The nocturnal worms are in their burrows during this time. Each spring when the worms reproduce, they have about 500 babies but only 100 of tthese 500 ever become old enough to reproduce.A. Describe variations in populations. ____________________________________________B. Describe how offspring inherit surviving parent’s traits. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________C. Describe how more offspring are produced than survive. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________D. Describe how some variations are favorable. ___________________________________E. How will this population…

8:15 hsccsd.instructure.com CT Cum QUTL Started: Apr 20 at 8:09pm Quiz Instructions Question 5 1 pts What type of selection is this? Beak Size → # Birds in Population Stabilizing Selection Disruptive Selection Directional Selection ◄ Previous Beak Size→ Quiz saved at 8:14pm Next▸ Submit Quiz ← →> + 37 ←

Book: Greatest Show on Earth Answer the question below.    In chapter 3, Dawkins suggests that selection is powerful yet unconscious of its actions ("without any understanding at all"). He uses a variety of examples to highlight how various organisms drive selection, sometimes consciously and sometimes unconsciously, by mediating the breeding process. Using one of the examples explain how some organisms unconsciously drive the selection of others. -150 word minimum

Place the statement in order of how they would occur in nature. Be thinking about natural selection. Organisms produce more offspring than the environment can support. Organisms that survive reproduce, sending their genes into the next generation. Some organisms do not survive. Those that survive are better suited to the environment. There is increased competition for resources.

TOPIC: The response of an HIV strain to antiviral drugs. Research your specific example of natural selection to better understand how and why the population has changed over time. Organize your information into the presentation format below. Description of inherited variation within the population Explanation of why some individuals are better able to survive and produce offspring • A description of the adaptation that is being favored by natural selection Data to support explanations

Use these pictures with the tables/data to answer these questions. Answer the questions completely and correctly. Questions: In the pre-industrial revolution environmental condition: 1. What is the environmental condition that is responsible for selection (selection agent)? 2. What is the adaptive trait? 3. What was the final proportion of black to white moths? In the post-industrial revolution environmental condition: 1. What is the environmental condition that is responsible for selection (selection agent)? 2. What is the adaptive trait? 3. What was the final proportion of black to white moths?

Chart: Fishy Frequencies: How Selection Affects the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Generation Gold Brown p 2pq 1 6 4 0.600 0.775 0.225 0.051 0.349 2 5 5 0.500 0.707 0.293 0.086 0.414 3 4 6 0.400 0.632 0.368 0.135 0.465 4 0.306 2 8 0.200 0.447 0.553 0.494 2 0.200 0.447 0.553 0.306 0.494 Data Analysis 2. What generalizations would you make about the above results? 3. According to Hardy-Weinberg, what conditions would have to exist for the gene frequencies to stay the same over time? 4. Which phenotype is not favourable to the fish? Explain. 5. What happens to the genotypic frequencies from generation 1 to generation 5? 6. What process is occurring when there is a change in genotypic frequencies over a long period of time? 7. What would happen if it were more advantageous to be heterozygous (Ff)? Would there still be homozygous fish? Explain. 8. What happens to the recessive genes over successive generations? Explain.

READ THIS: Notice that natural selection does not refer to individuals changing. Kath Trequency of adaptive heritable traits in a population changes as a result of natural selection. REQUIREMENTS FOR NATURAL SELECTION TO OCCUR: 17a. Assuming that both types of pom-poms are present in the population, what do you think would happen to the pom-pom population if the black forest experienced a prolonged drought so all the trees died and the habitat became red grassland? 17b. Next, think about an alternative scenario. Suppose that natural selection over many generations had eliminated all the red pom-poms in the black forest habitat so only black pom- poms survived. After that, a prolonged drought resulted in this habitat turning into a red grassland. Would natural selection for pom-pom color occur? Why or why not? 17c. The above scenarios are showing that in order for natural selection to occur must exist within a trait.

Book: Greatest Show on Earth Answer both question below.  Explain what Dawkins says selection is acting on in chapter 2 and how that variation is distributed throughout a population (gene pool) (blending vs. independent assortment). -150 word minimum In chapter 3, Dawkins suggests that selection is powerful yet unconscious of its actions ("without any understanding at all"). He uses a variety of examples to highlight how various organisms drive selection, sometimes consciously and sometimes unconsciously, by mediating the breeding process. Using one of the examples explain how some organisms unconsciously drive the selection of others. -150 word minimum

Which of the following factors is NOT an important part of natural selection? limited environmental resources selective breeding of domestic plants and animals heritable variation unequal reproduction with individuals best meeting environmental demands having the most success individuals better adapted to an environment being more likely to survive

rolution on.com/player Stages of natural selection What is the order of stages in natural selection? Genetic variation exists between individuals of a population. Individuals compete with each other for food, water and mates, and to avoid predators. Individuals with adaptive phenotypes compete better and are more likely to survive and reproduce, at the expense of... ..individuals with less adaptive phenotypes and fewer competitive characteristics, which die or reproduce less. Genes for adaptive char acteristics are more likely to be inherited. The number of individuals with the adaptive phenotype increases. oboardworks 18 of 29 Chp

TOPIC: The response of an HIV strain to antiviral drugs. Research your specific example of natural selection to better understand how and why the population has changed over time. Organize your information into the presentation format below. • Step by step explanation of how a population can change over time, using your example • Description of inherited variation within the population Explanation of why some individuals are better able to survive and produce offspring • A description of the adaptation that is being favored by natural selection • Data to support explanations

NATURAL SELECTION NATURAL SELECTION IN INSECTS SUBMIT INTRODUCTION LABORATORY SIMULATION Lab Data PHASE 6: Polluted forest Moths G1 G2 G3 G4 Complete the following steps: Released G5 Тyрica 250 125 88 83 76 Select initial allele frequencies 29 Carbonaria 750 510 735 885 1042 1406 Click Next generation to wait a year Total 1000 635 823 968 for first generation of moths 1118 1435 Phenotype Frequency Click Capture moths to monitor population numbers Color Initial Frequency Frequency G5 Next generation Calculate phenotype frequencies in 5th generation. Record in Lab Data 4 Тypica White 0.25 Capture moths Carbonaria Black 0.75 Calculate allele frequencies in 5th Allele Frequency generation. Record in Lab Data Allele Initial Allele Frequency G5 Allele Frequency 6. Calculate genotype frequencies anc number of moths in 5th generation. 0.50 Record in Lab Data 0.50 Genotype Frequency Moths Initial Frequency Number of BELS Moths Genotype Color Released Frequency G5 Moths G5 q? Тypica dd White 250…

Using the concept of inclusive fitness (and kin selection), explain how altruistic behavior (e.g. where an individual protects for another, even at their own expense) can evolve by natural selection? Make sure to explain what inclusive fitness is. (remember the concentric circles on the slide)

Creation and presence of variation are directionless, but natural selection is directional as it is in the context of adaptation. Comment.

What is the relationship between changes in gene frequencies and adaptations?         The change in genes results in adaptations, which in turn, lead to the individual's ability to survive in its environment.         The change in genes reduces adaptations, limiting the individual's ability to adapt for survival.          The change in genes speeds up the process of adaptations, and the result is adaptations within any species will occur within a year.         The change in genes results in adaptations in the individual, but these adaptations cannot be passed on to future generations.

WRITE DOWN SOME NOTES OR TAKE AWAYS ABOUT THIS MODEL. Model 3 – Random Genetic Drift  This model is an adaptation of the classic experiment conducted by Peter Buri (1956), which documented genetic drift in laboratory populations of Drosophila. In the model, ten vials (populations) of flies are held at a constant population size and the proportions of a mutant allele are tracked over generations. The population size and the initial allele proportion can be manipulated.

A population of snakes that eat small rodents enters a new habitat. In the new habitat, there are many species of rodents, and their populations are high because there are few natural predators. What will most likely be the effect on the genetic variation of the snake population? Genetic variation will increase because of a selective pressure. Genetic variation will increase because of a new habitat and food source. Genetic variation will decrease because of a selective pressure. Genetic variation will decrease because of a new habitat and food source.

Q2. Analogy. Select the missing animal pair or common trait or type of evolution. Paired Animal Giraffe - Red fox Shark - Kit fox 4 Common Trait Fur/Hair ◆ Evaluation ◆ Gradualism

How is variation different from adaptation? *     No answer Variation is always caused by mutation while adaptation is a heritable trait. Variation is a difference within an individual organism from the rest of the population. An adaptation is a feature that helps an organism survive in its environment. Adaptation is a difference within an individual organism from the rest of the population. A variation is a feature that helps an organism survive in its environment. Variations are physical or behavioral traits that make an organism better suited to its environment while adaptation comes from random mutations.

Types of Selection Match each situation to the type of selection most likely to occur. NOTE: If you want to change your selection, you'll need to delete the one you already chose. After you delete it, the list of choices will pop back up and you can make a different choice. Rabbits with medium colored fur blend into the background, but very light or very dark fur colors are easier for predators to spot. disruptive selection Drab colored guppies are less likely to be eaten by predators, but brightly colored males are preferred by females. sexual selection Butterflies with small wings can easily find hiding places to escape predators. Butterflies with large wings can fly higher and faster to directional selection stabilizing selection escape predators. A species of rodent is vulnerable to cold weather when small, but able to keep warm when large.

Which statement is accurate about natural selection? It is a biological process that prevents species from adapting to significant changes in their environments. It is a biological process that leads a population to have a widespread expression of an advantageous trait. It is a biological process that allows a population to have a competitive advantage in many environments. It is a biological process that causes certain traits to be expressed less with each subsequent generation.

POST QUIZ: Write true if the statement is true or false if the statement is false. 1. As recently as 200 years ago, many people believed that Earth was only 6,000 years old 2. Artificial selection occurs when nature selects for beneficial traits. 3. The individual Galápagos Islands are all similar to each other. 4. Malthus argued that human populations grow faster than their resources. 5. Lamarck was one of the first scientists to propose that species evolve by natural selectio 6. Lyell was one of the first to say that Earth must be far older than most people believed. 7. Lamarck's inheritance of acquired characteristics is has become a widely accepted scien heory. 8. Fossils proved to Darwin that species can evolve. 9. The term fitness to refer to an organism's ability to outrun its hunters. 10. Darwin published his findings soon after returning to England from the voyage of the Be 11. According to Darwin, natural selection is what occurs, and evolution is how it happens 12. During…

Use Verbal description of results from graph and then Interpret the graph for Exclusive range sccenario in foraging lab. The interpretations must include  Were the results expected and Did they support the hypotheses? If so, state the biological significance of the results from graph. If the results deviated significantly from expected results, discuss the hypotheses onthe basis of expected results and include an explanation of why this might be so. Lastly, state the conclusions drawn from the experiment and their biological relevance. Hypothesis:  In the context of exclusive ranges, the foraging times would be significantly affected by the introduction of competition, as opposed to territoriality. This increased competition was expected to deplete food resources and result in harassment by competing individuals.

Which of the following statements about ADAPTATION are TRUE? (Identify ALL that are TRUE)   Select 3 correct answer(s) Question options:   Adaptations include PHENOTYPE changes within a species or population, in response to changing environment   Adaptations include  changes in GENE EXPRESSION within individuals, making individuals better suited to changes in environmental conditions   Adaptations include GENOTYPE changes within a species or population, making individuals better suited to a particular environment   Adaptations include GENOTYPE changes within a species or population, in response to changing environment   Adaptations include PHENOTYPE changes within an individual, making that individual better suited to a particular environment

Which of the following best states a condition which promotes natural selection of aspecies? Group of answer choices One baby albino alligator, from a nest of 20 eggs, hatches in the Florida Everglades. An ocean ecosystem consists of more algae than fish species. The population of moths in a forest increased from 100 to 150 members. A female cat has a litter of 5 kittens instead of 6.

Q:need help with question We looked at how the beliefs of the Theory of Special Creation were challenged by Descent with Modification. Even before Lamarck and Darwin proposed that species do change over time, what belief of the Theory of Special Creation had already been challenged? Species do not change Lineages do not split Each species is separately created Each species is independently created Earth and life are young

dictions: On Part II I The Rehpogs in the original population that stayed in the warm environment has maintained their original genetic diversity of 50% dominant alleles for thick purple fur and 50% recessive alleles for thin pink fur. Remember that the original population of Rehpogs lived on the ground in a relatively flat habitat. This group is called Population A. The population has increased to where there is not enough food for everyone. About half of this genetically diverse group of Rehpogs (Population B) was sent out by the leader to find a suitable new home in the uneven, rocky territory to the south. Population A stayed behind in the flat habitat. Unfortunately, an unexpected effect of the dominant allele for thick purple fur is vertigo. None of the Rehpogs noticed this associated trait before they moved to the uneven, rocky territory because these little creatures do not get hurt if they fall over on level ground. Sadly, when the thick purple furred Rehpogs walk on pathways…