Cardiac Assignment Worksheet

Topic: Capillary Puncture Questions  1.    Why do we need to wipe the first drop of blood after puncturing the fingers?2.    State the advantages and disadvantages of capillary puncture.

Prompt 1: Explain in detail the pathogenesis of a DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis) and how it can lead to a PE (Pulmonary Embolism) Prompt 2: Research and list all the possible treatment options for a DVT Please correlate your responses to Samantha's case. Also, note that content in this case scenario incorporates topics from Chapters 14 and 15.

Teaching plan 1. Definition of hypertension 2. How to take blood pressure 3. Risk factors to develop developing hypertension 4. How to prevent high BP non- pharmacologically 5. Drugs that regulate blood pressure. 6. DASH diet.

Cardiovascular Case Histories A 32-year-old nurse who had rheumatic fever as a child noticed a persistent tachycardia and light-headedness. Upon examination, chest x-rays showed an enlarged left atrium and left ventricle. ECG analysis showed atrial fibrillation. There was also mild pulmonary edema. Cardiac evaluation resulted in the following information: Cardiac output (CO) 3.4 L/min Blood pressure (BP) 100/58 mm Hg Left atrial pressure (LAP) 16 mm Hg (normal 8-10) Right ventricular pressure (RVP) 44/8 mm Hg (normal 25/4) Heart Rate (HR) = 120 bpm          Heart sounds revealed valvular regurgitation.   Based on the information provided, which A-V valve is incompetent, allowing the regurgitation? How did you determine this?   If the other A-V valve were incompetent instead of this one, would the CO (L ventricle), and BP be different? If so, how? Would you expect the LAP to be normal?       Pulmonary hypertension can develop with L sided heart…

Question: Make a nursing care plan for heart failure:  Past health history: constipation for the last 7 days accompanied by difficulty of breathing (DOB) and Abdominal pain. Present Health history:   chief complaint of Abdominal pain. Prior to admission, facial edema and bipedal edema was notice during physical assessment. Laboratory:  Temperature     36°c, Pulse Rate -127, Respiratory Rate- 22,Blood Pressure  -120/90,URIC ACID  :10.20 mg/dL,CREATININE  :1.33 mg/dL Clinical impressions: Kidney failure Laboratory ultrasound report impressions: 1.enlarges liver(but no pqrenchymal disease or lesion) 2.partial and mild(grade 1)acute medical renal disease right kidney 3.pleural effusion: right henitrox volume=850 cc.

Question 7 A client in the prenatal clinic is diagnosed with preeclampsia. What clinical finding supports this diagnosis? Question 7 options: a)  Blood pressure above the baseline while fluctuating at each reading b)  Elevated blood pressure of 150/100 mm Hg c)  Elevated blood pressure that is accompanied by a headache d)  Blood presure more than 140 mm Hg systolic accompanied by proteinuria

Edema Case Study Questions The following four patients all have severe edema for different reasons. Your challenge is to explain the cause of the edema. In each case, try to explain the edema in terms of either an increase or a decrease in one of the four pressures that cause bulk flow at capillaries. A picture may be useful. Patient 1: Mr. Taylor Mr. Taylor is a 66 year old alcoholic who has been drinking for years. During the past month he has gained over 25 pounds due to water retention. He exhibits swelling in all areas of the body. He has recently been admitted to the hospital and diagnosed with end stage liver failure. What is the connection between the liver failure and his edema? Which capillary pressure is altered and how does it cause edema? Hint: consider the functions of the liver, particularly the ones that affect blood composition.  Patient 2: Mrs. So   Mrs. So is a 28 year old visiting her OB in the 26th week of her pregnancy. She is experiencing varicose veins and…