DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis Lab Worksheet Mod 6 Biol 100L

DNA Replication: 1. Write in the new (complimentary) strands for each of the two halves of the DNA molecule below to show what the two semi-conserved strands would look like.                  A G T A C C G G G C A A A C T G C A T T G T G                  I  I  I   I  I  I  I  I   I  I  I  I  I   I  I  I  I  I   I  I  I   I  I  I  I  I                     T C A T G G C C C G T T T G A C G T A A C A C                   old strand   A G T A C C G G G C A A A C T G C A T T G T G          new strand:            new strand:           old strand   T C A T G G C C C G T T T G A C G T A A C A C   Gene Expression: 2. Use your DNA strand to construct a part of a messenger RNA molecule.          DNA            A G T A C C G G G C A A A C T G C A T T G T G            mRNA:

DNA strand below: 3’ T A C A T G C C G A A T G C C 5’  Discuss how will replication happen by mentioning the enzyme needed then transcribe to form mRNA. Discuss what will happen to mRNA, then translate, mentioning the anticodon to be used. Look at the genetic code to know what amino acid will become part of the polypeptide chain. 1. Give the discussion of the entire procedure

ACTIVITY 2: Protein Synthesis 1 2. 4. DNA: 5. 3' A G C C GTA GA ATT 3. Carefully indicate the codons present in the mRNA strand from question 2. 5' Using this strand of DNA as a template, DRAW A PICTURE of the complete DNA molecule. Include ALL parts of the DNA molecule. You do not need to draw your molecule with atomic accuracy. Now draw a complete picture of the mRNA strand that will be made from this DNA. Label the 5' and 3' ends of your mRNA strand. (Use the given DNA strand at the top of this page as your template...) Draw a COMPLETE picture of all the tRNA molecules that will match up with the codons from the previous question. Include ALL APPROPRIATE amino acids in your picture, and do not mix up their order! Draw a picture of the completed protein coded for by this strand of DNA (abbreviations are fine). Show the amino acids in the same order they would be observed in the finished protein.

Need to understand how to do this: create the complementary strand of DNA to the DNA strand provided below: 1. ATAGGTCACCGTAA 2. TCCAGA

Please help me to answer the following: 1. Explain how the synthesis of a DNA daughter strand growing toward a replication fork differs from the synthesis of a daughter strand growing away from a replication fork. 2. The base sequence ACGTCT represents a portion of a single strand of DNA. Please draw the complete double stranded molecule for this portion of the strand and use the representation to illustrate the replication of the DNA strand.Please clearly identify the nucleotide bases involved, the new strands formed, and the daughter DNA molecules. 3. Please explain the origin of Okazaki fragments. Thank you very muxh for your help.

384 Answer all the questions below please! Required: At least 3-4 sentences for each answer Write answers in your own words (don't copy the answers directly) Choose one of the questions below to write a follow-up question Structure and Function of DNA and RNA Q2.1- Hydrogen bonds can form with bases on the opposite DNA strands in the double helix, or between the bases and H2O in the single stranded conformation. Considering that the double helix is the most stable conformation in water, how does this observation support the conclusion that base stacking contributes more to helix stability than interbase hydrogen bonding? Amino Acids and Peptides Q2.2-Using Table 4.3, list the amino acids that will carry a net charge at pH 7 within a protein. What is the charge at pH 7 for each of the amino acids you have listed (-2, -1, +1, etc.)? What is the net charge at pH 7 of the tetrapeptide shown in figure 4.17?

DNA & RNA Structure Base pairs- What the backbone is made up of - How many strands each molecule has - Pyrimidines vs purines - How many bonds each base pair has DNA's function DNA Replication Why cells replicate How to create a complementary DNA strand What enzymes are? Know the enzymes: DNA polymerase, helicase, primase, and DNA ligase Vocabulary: replication fork, semiconservative, and complementary strand The steps of DNA replication Transcription Know the central dogma Where transcription takes place What proteins are used for Know how to make a complementary MRNA strand from DNA Enzymes: RNA polymerase Vocabulary: promoter The steps of transcription (initiation, elongation, and termination) What is the outcome of transcription? Translation Where translation takes place Vocabulary: MRNA, TRNA, polypeptide, amino acid, codon, ribosomes Know the start and stop codons Be able to go from DNA->MRNA->codons->anticodons->amino acids Know the tools for translation The steps for…

DNA strand below: 3’ T A C A T G C C G A A T G C C 5’  Discuss how will replication happen by mentioning the enzyme needed then transcribe to form mRNA. Discuss what will happen to mRNA, then translate, mentioning the anticodon to be used. Look at the genetic code to know what amino acid will become part of the polypeptide chain. 1.

Materials The diagram shows DNA replication with the daughter strands shown as green arrows. According to the diagram, where can the 3' end of a DNA strand be found? Updates Grades O Mermbers O Conferences DBQ Online Newsela formation Biology Periods 1 and 2 ading periods hschool MP1, Highschool 2, Highschool MP3, hschool MP4 ation The point of the top green arrow. ting days Tue Wed Thu Fri O The right side of the bottom template strand. INTL

IV. Oswald Avery, McCarty and McLeod (Early 1940s) After Griffith's experiment most scientists believed that the chemical transforming bacteria was a protein, not a nucleic acid. Avery and his colleagues challenged that assumption. Avery's work retested Griffith's hypothesis using a test tube assay in order to determine which macromolecule was responsible for genetic information. What molecule causes transformation? These experiments are extensions of Robert Griffith's work.

on 15: Given is a strand of DNA, fill in the corresponding RNA strand and find which amino acids that strand codes for. 1. DNA=-T-A-C-A-T-A-T-G-C-C-T-A-A-C-T- RNA= Amino acids= 2. DNA=-T-A-C-C-C-C-G-G-A-A-T-G-A-T-T- RNA= Amino acids= 3. DNA=-T-A-C-G-A-T-T-A-T-G-T-C-A-T-C- RNA= Amino acids= GENETIC CODE WORKSHEET 4. DNA= -T-A-C-G-C-T-A-T-T-T-G-A-A-C-T-M RNA= Amino acids= 5. DNA=-T-A-C-A-A-A-A-G-C-T-G-A-A-T-C- RNA= Amino acids= 300 AI 00

201 US. Sequence the following structures from smallest to largest nucleus chromosome gene DNA Nitrogenous base cell DELL F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F #3 $ 8. 4. 6. 8. 5

DNA:  The Secret of Life https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HwPWv50YcMY There were three main groups working to discover the structure of DNA.  Who were the three different teams and what techniques were they using?

Some Discoveries about DNA 1. DNA is made of deoxyribose sugar, phosphate, and four nucleotides (A, G, C, and T). 2. DNA was originally isolated from white blood cells. 3. X-ray diffraction of the DNA molecules shows that it is a helical structure. 4. Adenine pairs with thymine and guanine pairs with cytosine in any sample of DNA. 5. DNA, not proteins, carries genetic information. Match the following scientists with their discoveries listed above. Discovery: Hershey Franklin Chargaff Levene Scientist: and Chase

Mama: ‏Compare and contrast the major similarities / differences between DNA synthesis on a leading and on a lagging strand . In your answer , you should address the directionality of DNA synthesis and the consequence on the two growing strands . Also , be Eure to include the enzymes involved in prokaryotic DNA replication .

Select the incorrect statement w.r.t. double helical structure of DNA. 1. The two chains of DNA run in anti-parallel fashion 2. The backbone is constituted by sugar-phosphate 3. The nitrogenous bases project outwards 4. Guanine is bonded with cytosine with three H-bonds

ANALYSIS ANALYSIS: A DNA strand undergoes all the process included in the central dogma. The DNA strand used as a template is given below: Parent strand DNA: DNA daughter strand: 5-AGA-ACT-AAA-CТА-ТСG-СTT-CGT-3' hnRNA: MRNA: original protein: mutated mRNA: mutated protein: second letter A G UUUPhe UCU) UCC UAU UGU Cys UUC U UUA UAC Tyr UGC Ser UAA stop UGA stop| A UAG stop UGG Trp UCA Leu UUG UCG G CUU CCU CAU CGU His CAC САА CUC CC CGC Leu Pro Arg A CUA ССА CG CGA Gln CAG SO AAU CUG CGG AUU ACU AGU AGC Ser A Asn AUC lle A AUA ACC AAC Thr AAA AAG Lys GAU АСА AUG Met ACG AGG Arg GUU GCU GGU U Asp GUC GGC GCC GCA GCG GAC Val GUA Ala Gly A GAG Glu GGG GAA GGA GUG G Translating the unmutated MRNA that was obtained after splicing, the original protein sequence will be? The original protein is [A] (For your answer, use the one-letter symbol (all caps) for the amino acid residues separated by dashes, e.g. C-A-S-H). first letter third letter

DNA replication Which of the following does not occur during DNA replication? Belect an answerand submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. One new molecule is formed by continuous synthesis while the other new molecule is formed in fragments. DNA molecules unwind from each other. Cellular processes proofread new molecules to check for errors. P. Two daughter molecules are formed for each template strand. Unanswered கறறenentary bases l

Discuss DNA replication (eukaryotic)  based on your own understanding of the process. Make sure to mention all of the enzymes and components.

AKS 5c1: The process represented in the model involves the creation of a molecule that is complementary to the template molecule. According to the model, what type of molecule is being created? * Nontemplate strand Polymerase Ribonucleotide Template strand New DNA Polypeptide O Messenger RNA Carbohydrate V 0 4:57 Sign out ET O O O O

ACTIVITY: DNA makes DNA Instruction: The model of DNA is ready to be copied, Compared to the original double helix, evaluate the copies made during three attempts of DNA replication. List any errors with the replication if they occurred: Original A T A C2 Replication #1 C C G C. And A T T G List problems If any: Replication #2 C A And G T A G List problems If any: TA TA AG AG AT

cytosine In DNA, guanine always forms hydrogen bonds with The process of eplication produces a new copy of an organism's genetic information, which is pass What is the first step in the process of DNA replication? Unzip the DNA Which enzyme is responsible for "unzipping" the DNA double helix? helicase Which enzyme is responsible for assembling the DNA during replication? DNA polymerase Why is DNA replication important to the growth and development of a multi-cellular organism? Because the daughter cells need a complete set of DNA Write the complementary bases of the strand below according to the base-pair rule. ATCCAGTAG GAC TAGGICATCCTG Writing a Full Strand: 1. A. Original DNA: Complementary DNA: CCT ATA TCT CTC TAT ATC TCT CAT ACT GTG TGT CTC TAT B. Make identical strands of DNA CCT ATA TCT CTC TAT ATC TCT CAT ACT GTG TGT CTC TAT (original) (new) A. Original DNA: Complementary DNA: (new) (complementary from 1A) CCG GAT TTT AAT TAG CTA CTA TCG TAC TAC GTT GGT GCT B. Make identical…

(Optional) Describe the structure of DNA, discussing the DNA helix and the base pairs of DNA, the overall structure of a chromosome, the structure of a gene, an mRNA, a ribosome, and a protein. What are the relative sizes of each of these?

1.  make your own sample representation of DNA replication. Complete your representation for a single helical turn. 2.  prepare a representation of how mRNA is formed in the nucleus  3.  Complete to build a Polypeptide. Start from the DNA template you made , the mRNA transcript formed, and finally the processed or synthesize proteins with the aid of the Genetic code table.

Complete the complementary strand: DNA replication  ATTCGAGGCTAA