Biol 225 Case Study Review
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Case Study Review
Dawn Cervantes
Bio 225 Gen Micro/Lab
LAPU
Mar 1, 2024
The terms health-care infections (HAIs) and hospital-acquired infections are now
used interchangeably with nosocomial urinary tract infections. A nosocomial urinary
tract infection can be developed due to an infection or toxin that exists in a certain
location, such as a hospital. Nosocomial infections are infections that develop during
medical treatment but are not present at the time of admission. Viruses, fungi, and
bacteria are the major causes of HAIs. The main way that bacteria, fungi, and viruses
transmit is through person-to-person contact. Bacteria are the cause of 90% of HAI
cases. During their hospital stay, patients with weakened immune systems are more
likely to get an infection. Up to 40% of all infections acquired in hospitals are
nosocomial urinary tract infections (UTIs). Nosocomial UTIs are more common among
senior male patients hospitalized for extended periods of time, patients receiving
urological manipulations, patients with indwelling urinary catheters, and patients
suffering from incapacitating illnesses.
A 77-year-old male with a history of Parkinson’s disease, atrial fibrillation, and
pre-diabetes, was brought to the emergency room by EMS for an evaluation of lethargy
and drowsiness for 2 days. Per his wife, the patient became more drowsy, lethargic, and
slept most of the day over the past 24 to 48 hours. She also noticed that his urine was
very dark in color. Staff was also notified that the patient was 7 days post pacemaker
implantation and had to be catheterized. The catheter was removed 1-day post-op.
Upon examination, the patient had a fever of 103 and was unable to communicate. Labs
were drawn, and a blood culture was performed. The patient was found to have sepsis
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Related Questions
Question:-
Epidemiologists can predict disease transmission pattern based on age-specific incidence, geographic area and demographic characteristics. If a disease can happen at any location that has high density of human populations, regardless of climate and other environmental factors: What transmission pattern that you would suspect to occur in the area.
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REVIEW
Name:
Chapter 6: Bacteria & Viruses
Choose the Answer. Circle the answer that correctly completes
each sentence.
1. (Bacteria) Flagella) can cause diseases.
2. A fprokaryote, eukaryote) is an organism that does not have a nucleus.
3. Most bacteria have just one strand of (DNA, cocci) surrounded
by cytoplasm.
4. A (host, virus) can be shaped like a polyhedron, sphere, cylinder,
or spacecraft.
5. Viruses (can, cannot) reproduce on their own.
Fill in the Blank. Use the words in the word bank to complete
the sentences.
bacteria
heat-lovers
methane-makers
salt-lovers
mouth
6. Good bacteria are found in your
and digestive system.
7.
such as E. coli and Salmonella can make people
sick and may even be deadly.
8.
live in swamps and animal intestines.
9.
live in salty environments like the Dead Sea.
10.
live in extreme heat like underwater vents, geysers,
and springs.
REPRODUCIBLE
133
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Directions: Analyze and complete thefollowingtable below.
Disease
Causative
Vector
Treatment Transmission
Reservoir
How to
How to
Agent
avoid the
avoid
spread of catching
these
these
diseases? diseases ?
1. Mumps
2. Нерatitis
A
3. Нерatitis
B
4. Viral
gastro
enteritis
5.
Gram-
negative
bacteria
Spirochete
Bacillus,
6.
nonmotile
Fungus
7.
8.
Protozoa
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Chapter 13 Case Study 2
An 8-year-old male patient arrives in the emergency department with his parents. He complains of generalized periumbilical pain that has now shifted to the right lower quadrant and intensified. His mother reports that his appetite has been poor. He has begun to experience nausea and vomiting and is febrile.
What structures in the right lower quadrant might play a role in the patient’s symptoms?
Discuss the diagnostic studies that might be performed.
Which diagnostic study will indicate the presence of an infection?
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Review questions
Complete this table:
Species
Amoeba proteus
Paramecium sp.
Entamoeba
histolytica
Balantidium coli
Trypanosoma
cruzi
Trypanosoma
brucei
gambiense
Trichomonas
vaginalis
Giardia lamblia
Leishmania
donovani
Plasmodium
vivax
Toxoplasma
gondii
Cryptosporidium
parvum
Mode of
motility
Disease in
people
none
How transmitted
to a person
-95-
Where found in
human body
Other infor
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Need help with questions
1) Evaluate the data for each organism. Is each organism equally impacted by the
chemotherapeutic agents listed? Use your data to support your answer.
2) When you compare the data for the Gram-positive cell to the data for the Gram-negative cell, can you say there is similar impact? Use your data to support your answer.
3) Which antibiotic(s) is/are more effective against the Gram-positive cell type? Gram-negative cell type? Use your data to support your answers.
4) Which antibiotic(s) is/are least effective against the Gram-positive cell type? Gram-negative cell type? Use your data to support your answers.
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4:17
< Chapter 2 Lab WORKS...
CONCEPT REVIEW QUESTIONS
Name:
Course:
Answer the following questions in the space provided.
1. What is the difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote?
2. Which of the following cell parts produces energy for the cell and has its own DNA?
A. Nucleus
B. Cytoplasm
C. Cell membrane
D. Mitochondria
3. What do the two members of a homologous chromosome pair have in common?
A. Thymine.
B. Guanine
C. Adenine
D. Cytosine
4. Following the rules of complementary base pairing, which of these DNA bases could successfully bond with
adenine?
A. Thymine
B. Uracil
C. Cytosine
D. Adenine
5. Following the rules of complementary base paring, which of these RNA bases could successfully bond with
adenine?
6. Variations of the same gene are called
7. Mitosis occurs in which type of cell?
Section:
Date:
C. mRNA.
D. IDNA.
8. Meiosis occurs in which type of cell?
9. The genetic information that moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of a cell during protein synthesis is…
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COVID-191 X
My account X C Broward Pal x
Opportunit X ZG Application x e ADN37-HX EHESI | Case X
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Question 8 of 24
Which instruction should the nurse give to the nursing student for positioning the client's
legs when he is sitting?
Use two pillows and place one lengthwise under each calf.
Let him position himself with pillows until he is comfortable.
Allow him to use the bed controls to markedly flex his knees.
Encourage him to keep his legs flat and not bend his knees.
Submit
Question 9 of 24
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Short answers questions
1. Give 4 examples of transcription factors / non-structural proteins ?
2. Identify the most commonly used technique for diagnosing COVID-19? And the clinical sample for each technique.
3. …….…… virus can cause encephalitis, cancer, sexually transmitted disease, infect external genitalia, mucosal surfaces, gladiatorum, and/or other diseases. How can the infection with this virus be avoided? Suggest two ways of prevention or to destroy the virus.
4. How can a defect in p53 gene contribute to cancer development?
5. A patient 19 year-old came to hospital and she had sore throat, fever, red tonsils and swollen uvula, and neck lymphadenopathy. She was given initially antibiotics and came after 5 days with tired, 39ºC. She had patches of white exudate on the tonsils, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. Hematological examination shows atypical lymphocytosis.
A. Why do you think did she have these symptoms?
Answer: these symptoms are for ……………………….…
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Answer the ff regarding the microorganism E. coli
1. Describe the type of symbiosis best represented by E.coli and human large intestine.
2. When can E.coli become potentially pathogenic (disease-causing)?
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Q2. _
Describe nursing interventions used to break the chain of infection..
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I need answer quickly.
8aSupposed Given that every client cannot be fully screened forinfections, what precautions are essential to limit thetransmission of microbes that are agents of disease.
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Chapter 6
RE
O Case Study
Mu
A somewhat frail 76-year-old female visits her physician's office for an annual check-up. Her social his-
tory shows she smokes a pack of cigarettes a day and she is a heavy coffee drinker. She has had several
hactured bones in the last five years that required medical attention. During initial examination, meas-
urements show that the patient has lost approximately an inch of height over the past year. She has also
lost several pounds but states she still wears the same size clothes.
a. What possible bone disease do you think she is exhibiting?
b. Describe the bone changes in this condition on a macro and cellular level.
c. What treatments and/or lifestyle changes would you suggest?
COMMON CASE STUDY
Ray's Story
You are a member of the discharge planning team responsible for developing a home care plan for or
quadriplegic, Ray. Thinking back to Ray's condition, remember that he can only breathe with me
chanical assistance, cannot move himself without help…
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BIO 168 Case Studies Unit 5-
Review
View
O Tell me
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Title
Case Study #2
A 35 y old man goes to his family physician because he has been exhibiting the
following symptoms over the past few weeks and they have been worsening: weakness,
spasticity in the right leg, difficulties with balance, fatigue and malaise. Lab results
reveal abnormalities in CSF and MRI brain scan. Diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis.
1. Describe in detail how the deterioration of nervous system strength and stability
causes the physical symptoms.
2. Describe in détail how CSF imbalance causes the physical symptoms.
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Please answer fast
1. while working on the medical surgical floor o the hospital, you encounter patient whose wound vac is leaking on the floor. The suction is still in place but the storage container for the material removed from the wound is damaged. The biohazardous material is on the bed lines, the bed mattress, and the floor. what method of infection is appropriate?
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Answer Directly
During this pandemic, a kid was brought to a local clinic because of abdominal pain, slight fever, and vomiting. Upon check-up, the doctor also recommended a fecal analysis, and truly enough, eggs of a parasitic nematode are found. He was then immediately prescribed an anti-helminthic drug.
When interviewed, the mother said that the kid had only been playing in their backyard since the start of the quarantine period. She also insisted that she has not seen any worms in their backyard to have caused the infection.
Why did the mother NOT see any adult nematodes in the backyard?
With the great load of eggs found, how long did the kid has that infection before the signs and symptoms appeared?
Why is it important to study the lifecycles of parasitic nematodes? Describe two reasons.
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CARE STATISTICS AND RESEARCH METHODS
CASE 7-9
Infection Rates
As the HIM manager at Blue Glacier Hospital, you are responsible for reporting hospital statistics. The hospital
had 1,652 discharges for September and infection control data reflect there were 21 nosocomial infections and
27 community-acquired infections for the same month. Calculate the following statistics to be reported to the
hospital Quality Improvement Council.
1. What is the nosocomial infection rate (round to two decimal places)?
2. What is the community-acquired infection rate (round to two decimal places)?
bem
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Chapter 10 Case Study A surgical technology student is completing rotation at the clinical site’s central sterile processing department. The preceptor notifies the student that a pregnant patient has just arrived in the emergency department with complaints of constant UTIs and retroperitoneal pain, and the student needs to assemble a case cart containing everything that will—or might—be needed for the case. The patient will be in the OR in 10 minutes, so the student must quickly work.1. What instrument trays should be gathered for this case?2. What equipment must be in the room for this case?3. What supplies must be available for this case?4. Considering the type of case, what specialists need to be involved in the case
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Nursing question re_route Please
Please make table to differentiate ITP, TTP, HIT, DIC. ?
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CASESTUDY 11 .1
Immediately following the birth of a baby girl, the attending physician
requested a protein electrophoretic examination of the mother's serum. This
was done on a sample that was obtained on the mother's admission to the
hospital the previous day. An electrophoretic examination was also
performed on the cord blood specimen. Laboratory reports are shown in
Case Study Table 11.1.1.
The appearance of the mother's electrophoretic pattern was within that
expected for a healthy person. The electrophoretic pattern of the cord blood
serum resembled the one shown in Figure 11.8C.
Results for
Maternal
Serum
Results
for Cord
Blood
Adult
Reference
Interval
Test
Albumin
4.2 g/dL
3.5 g/dL
3.5-5.0 g/dL
a,-Globulins
0.3 g/dL
0.0 g/dL
0.1-0.4 g/dL
a-Globulins
1.2 g/dL
0.4 g/dL
0.3-0.8 g/dL
B-Globulins
1.3 g/dL
0.7 g/dL
0.6-1.1 g/dL
Y-Globulins
1.3 g/dL
1.0 g/dL
0.5-1.7 g/dL
Questions
1. What protein fraction is abnormal in the cord blood serum?
2.
An abnormality in this fraction is most…
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DENGUE QUESTIONS
1. What results in the combo test would show that the patient has primarydengue virusinfection? Why?2. What results in the combo test would show that the patient has secondary denguevirusinfection? Why?3. How does the virus cause decrease in platelet count?4. What is break bone fever in dengue virus infection?5. Why are Aedes mosquitoes preferred by dengue virus?
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Answer_i need quickly.
Explain in brief how medications and specimens should be labeled intraoperatively and passed off in the Operatig Room?
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ASSIGNMENT # 4
A 36 YR OLD FEMALE PRESENTED WITH MASSIVE EDEMA OF BOTH LEGS. SHE SAYS THAT
SHE HAS BEEN WORKING IN THE FIELDS FOR 4-5 YEARS. AT FIRST SHE GOT A SMALL ITCHY
RED PATCH ON HER FOOT AND AFTERA YEAR HER LEGS STARTED SWELLING. NOW SHE
HAS DIFFICULTY WALKING. HER CONDITION IS SHOWN BELOW.
Q1. Name the insect vector responsible for causing this disease.
Q2. Name the phases involved in the life cycle of this organism.
Q3. Who is the definitive and intermediate host?
Q4. Name the stage in which it infects humans.
Q5. NAME THE TREATMENT OPTIONS AVAILABLE?
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I - I 1 2 I 3 I 4 15 1. 6 7
1. Which procedure would have the least effect on the rate of protein digestion?
1. procedure A
2. procedure E
3. procedure C
4. procedure D
2. Which two procedures would most likely cause a decrease in the rate of protein digestion?
1. procedures A and D
2. procedures B and C
3. procedures C and D
4. procedures A and E
3. The graph to the right shows the effect of substrate
concentration on the action of enzyme X. This enzyme is
functioning at its optimal temperature, 36°C, and at its
optimal pH, 5-5.
a. When the substrate concentration increases from o.1% to
Effect of Substrate Concentration
on the Rate of Enzyme Action
0.5%, the rate of the reaction
1. decreases
2. increases
3. remains the same
4. increases, then remains the same
0.1 0.2 0.3
0.4
0.5
Substrate Concentration (%)
b. Explain why this is the case:
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8.
Rate of Reaction
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Case Study: A patient, ill with an infectious disease, is prescribed an oral bacteriostatic antibiotic. After 48 hours the nurse calls and tells
the patient that they need to return to the hospital and receive an IM injection of a different, -cidal antibiotic as the pathogen is showing
resistance to the first antibiotic. In addition the nurse states that there are only a few cases of this disease in the area as it is not common
in Wisconsin.
Question: What was the route for administration of the first antibiotic prescribed versus the second?
O The patient consumes, orally, the first antibiotic and received an injection in their muscle for the second antibiotic
O Unsure based upon information provided
O Static antibiotics are only administered via IM and therefore the first antibiotic is injected into the muscle and the second is administered by IV
O The patient must inject the first antibiotic because it is static and the second must enter in through a vein.
MacBook Air
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pter 25- Google Docs
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100% +
Case Study - Trauma
You and your partner have been dispatched to a report of a motorcycle crash on a curvy back road.
Fellow riders at the scene reported the patient was travelling too fast to negotiate a sharp curve and
was thrown over a guardrail into a tree. They carried the patient up an approximate 4-foot
embankment to the road.
Upon your arrival, you find a male patient you estimate to be between 20-25 years of age, being cared
for by a police officer who has opened the airway using an NPA and is administering oxygen via an NRB.
The officer reports the patient has been unconscious since she got to the scene. Looking down the
embankment, you see the patient's helmet and note it has sustained significant damage.
As you approach the patient, you observe the patient has gross angulation involving his left lower leg
and deformity to his right humerus.
1. In addition to scene safety,…
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8-10 sentences, in your own words, state the reason why stool examination important in the s Clinical Parasitology and to the disease diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.
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43
Case study:
A 24 yr old woman suffered from recurrent episodes of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI)
for the past 13 months. She routinely experienced profuse watery diarrhea, abdominal
pain, and fever. As with most patients who have CDI, the woman had been taking an oral
antibiotic shortly before her symptoms began- in this case to treat a tooth infection.
When the patient first started experiencing CDI, her doctor told her to stop taking the
antibiotic prescribed for her tooth infection, hoping the CDI would resolve on its own,
When that did not help, the doctor prescribed a different antibiotic that is often effective at
treating/CDI. The patient started feeling better, but the symptoms quickly returned when
she stopped taking the antibiotic.
What are some features of C. dif bacteria?
Why would certain oral antibiotics allow C. dif to thrive in the intestinal tract?
What effect does C. dif have on intestinal cells that causes the symptoms?
What are some treatments for…
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A Bookmark
tete, edilmar
AKE S2 Bio Unit 5B Common Unit Assessment / 1 of 9
II Pau
Use the picture to answer the following question.
Plant Grasshopper Frog
Snake
Eagle
Suppose 10,000 units of energy are available at the level of the plants. How many energy units would be passed from the
frog to the snake?
O A. 100 units
O B. 1,000 units
O C. 10 units
D. 10,000 units
Sign out
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7:52 AM D O
"O. O ?.l 87
Edit
WPS
43
Assignment II
August - December 2021 class
Question1
a) Describe the relationship between Health Promotion and Health Education using
suitable illustrations and examples
b) How would you use the Tones Equation of Health Promotion and Tannahill Model of
Health promotion to promote use of Helmets among Boda Boda riders + passengers in
Kampala city Uganda
c) Describe the uptake of COVID 19 vaccination in Uganda or any country of your own
choice according to the diffusion of Innovations theory, and its implication to a health
promote
Question 2: Refer to further guidance that may be given during Zoom/ Google Meet
Sessions.
Prepare a health education session/ lesson plan (presentation plan or session plan) on
any relevant and interesting health related topic of your own choice. Assume the class
will be the target audience and the time given is less than 20 minutes.
Note: In your assignment of Health Education Session plan, mention the following
among…
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Clinical Case Study
Four generations of the DOE family live in the southeastern United States: 72 -year old grandmother Nancy, 44-year old father Chad, Chad's oldest daughter, Gina, 23 years old, and Gina's 18 month-old son Joseph. As a whole, the family has had no previous significant medical history, yet interfaces with their primary care physician and medical specialists throughout their lifespan for various conditions.
While laboratory analysis often involved the collection of routine blood and urine specimens, the cases in this chapter will highlight times when they needed other body fluids collected for diagnostic purposes.
1) Besides blood and urine, what are other body fluids that can be collected for diagnostic purposes?
2) Do you believe that there are body fluids that are only clinically relevant at certain time points in life? Or, instead, are the diagnostic utility of these fluids equal across the lifespan?
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Assessor comments:
No comments provided
13. Define the term risk and outline some of the potential risks of
infection within the workplace
Type your answer here:
Assessor comments:
No comments provided
Save & Refresh
Unit/
Outcomes
Criteria
ac[4.1] Define the term risk
Outcome 4 ac[4.2] Outline potential risks of infection within the
workplace
Save & Quit
Cancel
14:36
13/01/2023 <
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SEE MORE QUESTIONS
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Related Questions
- Question:- Epidemiologists can predict disease transmission pattern based on age-specific incidence, geographic area and demographic characteristics. If a disease can happen at any location that has high density of human populations, regardless of climate and other environmental factors: What transmission pattern that you would suspect to occur in the area.arrow_forwardREVIEW Name: Chapter 6: Bacteria & Viruses Choose the Answer. Circle the answer that correctly completes each sentence. 1. (Bacteria) Flagella) can cause diseases. 2. A fprokaryote, eukaryote) is an organism that does not have a nucleus. 3. Most bacteria have just one strand of (DNA, cocci) surrounded by cytoplasm. 4. A (host, virus) can be shaped like a polyhedron, sphere, cylinder, or spacecraft. 5. Viruses (can, cannot) reproduce on their own. Fill in the Blank. Use the words in the word bank to complete the sentences. bacteria heat-lovers methane-makers salt-lovers mouth 6. Good bacteria are found in your and digestive system. 7. such as E. coli and Salmonella can make people sick and may even be deadly. 8. live in swamps and animal intestines. 9. live in salty environments like the Dead Sea. 10. live in extreme heat like underwater vents, geysers, and springs. REPRODUCIBLE 133arrow_forwardDirections: Analyze and complete thefollowingtable below. Disease Causative Vector Treatment Transmission Reservoir How to How to Agent avoid the avoid spread of catching these these diseases? diseases ? 1. Mumps 2. Нерatitis A 3. Нерatitis B 4. Viral gastro enteritis 5. Gram- negative bacteria Spirochete Bacillus, 6. nonmotile Fungus 7. 8. Protozoaarrow_forward
- Chapter 13 Case Study 2 An 8-year-old male patient arrives in the emergency department with his parents. He complains of generalized periumbilical pain that has now shifted to the right lower quadrant and intensified. His mother reports that his appetite has been poor. He has begun to experience nausea and vomiting and is febrile. What structures in the right lower quadrant might play a role in the patient’s symptoms? Discuss the diagnostic studies that might be performed. Which diagnostic study will indicate the presence of an infection?arrow_forwardReview questions Complete this table: Species Amoeba proteus Paramecium sp. Entamoeba histolytica Balantidium coli Trypanosoma cruzi Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Trichomonas vaginalis Giardia lamblia Leishmania donovani Plasmodium vivax Toxoplasma gondii Cryptosporidium parvum Mode of motility Disease in people none How transmitted to a person -95- Where found in human body Other inforarrow_forwardNeed help with questions 1) Evaluate the data for each organism. Is each organism equally impacted by the chemotherapeutic agents listed? Use your data to support your answer. 2) When you compare the data for the Gram-positive cell to the data for the Gram-negative cell, can you say there is similar impact? Use your data to support your answer. 3) Which antibiotic(s) is/are more effective against the Gram-positive cell type? Gram-negative cell type? Use your data to support your answers. 4) Which antibiotic(s) is/are least effective against the Gram-positive cell type? Gram-negative cell type? Use your data to support your answers.arrow_forward
- 4:17 < Chapter 2 Lab WORKS... CONCEPT REVIEW QUESTIONS Name: Course: Answer the following questions in the space provided. 1. What is the difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote? 2. Which of the following cell parts produces energy for the cell and has its own DNA? A. Nucleus B. Cytoplasm C. Cell membrane D. Mitochondria 3. What do the two members of a homologous chromosome pair have in common? A. Thymine. B. Guanine C. Adenine D. Cytosine 4. Following the rules of complementary base pairing, which of these DNA bases could successfully bond with adenine? A. Thymine B. Uracil C. Cytosine D. Adenine 5. Following the rules of complementary base paring, which of these RNA bases could successfully bond with adenine? 6. Variations of the same gene are called 7. Mitosis occurs in which type of cell? Section: Date: C. mRNA. D. IDNA. 8. Meiosis occurs in which type of cell? 9. The genetic information that moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of a cell during protein synthesis is…arrow_forwardCOVID-191 X My account X C Broward Pal x Opportunit X ZG Application x e ADN37-HX EHESI | Case X + sevier.com/#/content-player?assessmentVtwld-afcd4cb0-17dd-4437-82f1-ce5cb069ddf9&instanceld-bundle_2207609 ☆ b n.com - Onli... Imported From IE New Tab Other bo- Submit Question 8 of 24 Which instruction should the nurse give to the nursing student for positioning the client's legs when he is sitting? Use two pillows and place one lengthwise under each calf. Let him position himself with pillows until he is comfortable. Allow him to use the bed controls to markedly flex his knees. Encourage him to keep his legs flat and not bend his knees. Submit Question 9 of 24arrow_forwardShort answers questions 1. Give 4 examples of transcription factors / non-structural proteins ? 2. Identify the most commonly used technique for diagnosing COVID-19? And the clinical sample for each technique. 3. …….…… virus can cause encephalitis, cancer, sexually transmitted disease, infect external genitalia, mucosal surfaces, gladiatorum, and/or other diseases. How can the infection with this virus be avoided? Suggest two ways of prevention or to destroy the virus. 4. How can a defect in p53 gene contribute to cancer development? 5. A patient 19 year-old came to hospital and she had sore throat, fever, red tonsils and swollen uvula, and neck lymphadenopathy. She was given initially antibiotics and came after 5 days with tired, 39ºC. She had patches of white exudate on the tonsils, lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. Hematological examination shows atypical lymphocytosis. A. Why do you think did she have these symptoms? Answer: these symptoms are for ……………………….…arrow_forward
- Answer the ff regarding the microorganism E. coli 1. Describe the type of symbiosis best represented by E.coli and human large intestine. 2. When can E.coli become potentially pathogenic (disease-causing)?arrow_forwardQ2. _ Describe nursing interventions used to break the chain of infection..arrow_forwardI need answer quickly. 8aSupposed Given that every client cannot be fully screened forinfections, what precautions are essential to limit thetransmission of microbes that are agents of disease.arrow_forward
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