Spectrophotometry
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1
Spectrophotometry: Absorption Spectrum of Pigments
Jessi Fuentes
BIOL-1406-22007
Professor Birmingham
March 22, 2024
2
350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750
-1.2
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
Absorption Spectrum of Pigments
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Xanthophyll
Carotene
Total Pigment
WaveLength
Absorbance Value
Fig 1.1- Line Graph of Absorbance Values of Pigments
Wavelength(λ)
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
Xanthophyll
Carotene
Total Pigment
400
0.09
0.32
0.17
0.5
0.5
420
0.12
0.37
0.33
0.32
0.48
440
0.12
0.31
0.26
0.33
0.44
460
0.07
0.23
0.13
-1
0.37
480
0.05
0.12
0.15
-1
0.29
500
0.03
0.04
0.11
-1
0.21
520
0.02
0.02
0.1
-1
0.21
540
0.02
0.11
0.14
-0.03
0.16
560
0.02
0.03
0.15
-0.08
0.15
580
0.02
0.03
0.2
-1
0.14
600
0.02
0.04
0.16
-1
0.13
620
0.03
0.06
0.14
-1
0.12
640
0.03
0.08
0.14
-1
0.12
660
0.07
0.17
0.13
-1
0.16
680
0.03
0.18
0.16
-1
0.12
700
0.02
0.02
0.11
-1
0.08
720
0.01
0.02
0.26
-1
0.07
Fig 1.2 Data Table of Results of Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Xanthophyll, Carotene, and Total Pigment
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Related Questions
Pigment
Spot Color
Distance Passed
Partition
(mm)
Coefficient, R
Chlorophyll b
Yellow green
22
22/54 0.407
Chlorophyll a
Blue green
25
25/54 = 0.462
Xanthophyll
Bright yellow
Yellow orange
30
30/54 = 0.555
Carotene
52
52/54 = 0.962
Distance passed by the solvent system (solvent front) 54mm
a. Which pigment travelled the longest distance? What does this tell you
about that pigment?
b. Which pigment travelled the shortest distance? What does that tell you
about that pigment?
h (US.)
DELL
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end
F12
insert
home
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F10
DII
F3
F5
F6
F7
F9
F11
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4.
7
8.
9.
Y
U
F
G
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4:55
Enter title...
V
Notepad Free
PCP
Describe photosynthesis in chemical terms.
a
1
3
4
qw e r
?123
2
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1
0
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100-
50-
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
Wavelength (nm)
In the absorption spectrum shown above, what wavelength ranges are not efficiently absorbed by
this photopigment?
400-450nm
450-700nm
450-650nm
650-700nm
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In the cartoon below, explain why this plant's owner is wrong, and why the poor plant will NOT be able to
finish converting its carbon dioxide into organic compounds if she closes the curtains.
R
NO MORE SUN FOR
YOU UNTIL YOU'VE
FINISHED CONVERTING
EVERY LAST BIT
OF YOUR CARBON
DIOXIDE INTO ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS!
5-90
Piccola
3
RINAPICCOLD.COM
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Why do the reaction centers have different pigments rather than only the chlorophyls?
quantitatively increasing the absorption photons
narrowing coverage of the visible spectrum light
increasing coverage of the visible spectrum light
arranging light-harvesting complexe
compensating for the high density of chlorophyll
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For each pigment below tell me which colors and ranges of wavelengths it absorbs the most and which areas of the visible spectrum it absorbs the least. Some might have 2 peaks of high absorption.
Chlorophyll a:
Chlorophyll b:
B-Carotene (carotenoids):
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Photosynthesis is divided into light reactions and dark reactions. Define the purpose of each of
these as well as the overall inputs and outputs for each stage.
Edit View
Insert
Format Tools Table
12pt v
Paragraph
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8.
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Line A (entire thick black line on figure) is the absorption spectrum of the most common pigment in
a newly discovered plant. What would be the predominant color of the plant ?
*note the thinner blue and red lines depict other pigments, chlorophyll a and b, not being asked
about in this question)
700
450
Wavelength (nm)
Visible Spectrum
O Yellow
O White
O Black
O Green
red
Absorbance
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CH2
H
CHз chlorophyll а
СНO chlorophyllЬ
CH
H3C-
-CH2- CH3
N.
HC
Mg**
CH
H3C
CH3
H2C
H.
CH2
CH2
C20H390
CH3
„CH3
H3C,
CH3
CH3
CH3
H3C-
CH= CH
C14H16=
—С—сH— CH.
CH2
С
H2C
CH2
CH2
H2C
H3C
CH3
H2
Carotene
CH3
H3C,
CH3
CH3
CH3
H3C-
C14H16
CH=CH
CH2
CH= CH-
С—
C-
H2C
HO,
H3C
CH3
H2
Хanthophyll
H2
우
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Consider the following structure.
CO₂CH2CH3
CO₂CH2CH3
This substance could be produced by the reaction of the following diene and dienophile.
diene
+
dienophile
H CO,CH,CH3
སངས་
CH3CH₂O₂C
True
False
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Test-tube
Beaker
Funnel
Water plants
In this setup, the rate of the
reaction can be increased by
o decreasing the light intensity
O adding sodium bicarbonate only
O adding more water to the beaker
O increasing the light intensity only
O adding sodium bicarbonate and
increasing the light intensity
Clear my choice
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GIVE ME A "PICTURES" OR DRAWING THAT DESCRIBE THAT PROCESS ( I HOPE U GET IT HUHU)
1. They help to minimize the photorespiration and also help to fix the carbon dioxide.
= FIND A PICTURE THAT DESCRIBE THE ABOVE OR DRAW IT.
2. C4 plants help to minimize the photorespiration by performing the CO2 fixation and Calvin cycle in different cell types
= FIND A PICTURE THAT DESCRIBE THE ABOVE OR DRAW IT.
3. Whereas CAM plants also help to minimize the photorespiration by separating these steps between night and day.
= FIND A PICTURE THAT DESCRIBE THE ABOVE OR DRAW IT.
4. Hence the main function performed by the C4 and CAM plants are the carbon dioxide fixation and to minimize the photorespiration.
= FIND A PICTURE THAT DESCRIBE THE ABOVE OR DRAW IT.
PS : I JUST NEED PICTURES OR DRAWING FROM YOU, NOT WRITTEN ANSWER THANK YOU ( I HOPE YOU KNOW WHAT I MEAN HUHU )
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What is the function of C4 plants and CAM plants in photosynthesis?
Make the explanation as short (not super short like it's straight forward) this is for our reporting, i'm assign on the function.
SUBJECT : CAM AND C4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS
1. Definition
2. Difference
3. Function (this is my part)
4. Inputs and outputs
5. Duration and occurrences
Thank you and stay safe!!
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paper sol
we used 9 drop of magnesia if you need it
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10:07
Preview
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2m
00:49
Time Remaining
Diagram 3: Light Wave Absorption of Chlorophylla and b.
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll b
400 450 500 550 600 650 700
Wavelength (nm)
Plant chlorophyll chemicals will absorb, or take in, light wave energy in order to produce
molecules used for cellular energy. Reflected light refers to those wavelengths of light tha
of the chlorophyll and not be absorbed.
During the fall months, when the air temperature is significantly colder than the summer months
that loose their leaves) will change color from green to red, orange, yellow or brown. This observ
the graph, suggests that
Chlorophyl a and b change their behavior and absorb green light and reflect the other col
Less sugar is being made in the leaves, therefore less green light is being reflected.
The light from the sun does not contain green wavelengths during the falls season.
Chlorophyll a and b will denature and no longer be present in the leaves during the fall m
Previous…
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O Carotene, Xanthrophyll, Chlorophyll A, ChlorophyllI B
O Chlorophyll B, Chlorophyll A, Carotene, Xanthrophyll
O Chlorophyll A, Chlorophyll B, Xanthrophyll, Carotene
O Carotene, Xanthrophyll, Chlorophyll B, Chlorophyll A
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Compensation
Rubisco
Higher CO2
compensation
method
pH method
point
Technique used
to distinguish
between C3 and
C4 plant
C4 plant
C3 plant
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between
photosynthesis
and respiration
о оо
оо
O
оо
O
O
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Food dye Initial concentration (uM) Initial volume (mL) Final concentration (µM) Final volume (mL)
Red 40
32
1.0
C
4.0
Yellow 5
40
3.0
20
Blue 1
8.0
V
1.0
8.0
Cf =
µM
V
mL
V =
mL
* TOOLS
II
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Biology for Non-Science Majors I (BIOL-1308-TH-TF
FA)
Question 15
Not yet answered
Points out of 1.00
P Flag question
In the light-dependent reactions, which system occurs first, photosystem I or II?
Select one:
O a. Photosystem I
O b. Photosystem II
me left 1:42:26
DELL
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[ please refer research paper to give answer at end end of the answer please write the DOI number ]
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a.com/assignments/viewer/classes/329ea460c4114349972e507a776991d0/assignments/b729d9ce127845af8a13a22bc6c88f24/contents/...0*
Study Plan Granada G GOOGLE
Photosynthesis
synthesis
1. Describe the
overall changes in
matter that occur
during the light-
independent
reactions. What does
the plant start with
and what does it end
with? What is the
source of energy that
powers this change?
Type your answer
here.
oficinavirtual
Data Parameters.xlsx
https://escuelaposg...
From
6
Photosynthesis-E....pptx
6 ADP
M
ATP
Light-Dependent
Reactions
UGR ES ACCOUNT
PDF
00000
10
000
Light-Independent Reactions
60
CO2
2000
POST
The Calvin Cycle-R.....pdf
Connected
A
12
000
STROMA
12
M
000 12 ATP
https://webmailest.....
12 ADP
12
Sugars and Other Compounds
12
NADP+
NADPH
CYTOPLASM
https://biblioteca
From
Light-
Dependent
Reactions
The Process of Ph.....pptx
The Process
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True or false
Chlorophyll absorbs the wavelength from either end of the spectrum, blue to red, but not green since it is reflected.
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Ethanol can be produced either from plant biomass using microbial fermentation or from
ethylene using chemical synthesis way.
Lütfen birini seçin:
О а. True
O b. False
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Name:
How Do Chloroplasts Capture Energy from the Sun?
Plant cells and some algae contain an organelle called the chloroplast. The chloroplast allows plants to harvest energy from
sunlight, a process known as photosynthesis. Specialized pigments in the chloroplast absorb sunlight and use this energy to
combine carbon dioxide and water to make glucose and oxygen. The complete reaction is:
6CO2 + 6H,0
→ C;H12O6 + 602
9,
Raw Materials (Reactants)
CO, = carbon dioxide
H,O = water
Products
CH,,O6 = glucose
О, 3 охудеn
Plant cells can use this process to manufacture glucose, a simple sugar. Some of the glucose is used immediately for cellular
respiration, where it is converted to a high energy compound called ATP. You might recall from studies of the cell, that the
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and then stored in the roots, seeds, and fruits.
All autotrophs can make their own food in this way,…
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Chlorophyll has iron as the metal center of the porphyrin ring.
True
False
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- Pigment Spot Color Distance Passed Partition (mm) Coefficient, R Chlorophyll b Yellow green 22 22/54 0.407 Chlorophyll a Blue green 25 25/54 = 0.462 Xanthophyll Bright yellow Yellow orange 30 30/54 = 0.555 Carotene 52 52/54 = 0.962 Distance passed by the solvent system (solvent front) 54mm a. Which pigment travelled the longest distance? What does this tell you about that pigment? b. Which pigment travelled the shortest distance? What does that tell you about that pigment? h (US.) DELL ... end F12 insert home prt sc F10 DII F3 F5 F6 F7 F9 F11 F4 2$ 4. 7 8. 9. Y U F G K L D ...- エ < LO LUarrow_forward4:55 Enter title... V Notepad Free PCP Describe photosynthesis in chemical terms. a 1 3 4 qw e r ?123 2 GIF N s d SAVE 4G 32% 6 5 7 ty u dfghjkl X C vbnm Ⓡ UNDO 8 9 i ор 1 0arrow_forward100- 50- 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Wavelength (nm) In the absorption spectrum shown above, what wavelength ranges are not efficiently absorbed by this photopigment? 400-450nm 450-700nm 450-650nm 650-700nmarrow_forward
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- CH2 H CHз chlorophyll а СНO chlorophyllЬ CH H3C- -CH2- CH3 N. HC Mg** CH H3C CH3 H2C H. CH2 CH2 C20H390 CH3 „CH3 H3C, CH3 CH3 CH3 H3C- CH= CH C14H16= —С—сH— CH. CH2 С H2C CH2 CH2 H2C H3C CH3 H2 Carotene CH3 H3C, CH3 CH3 CH3 H3C- C14H16 CH=CH CH2 CH= CH- С— C- H2C HO, H3C CH3 H2 Хanthophyll H2 우arrow_forwardConsider the following structure. CO₂CH2CH3 CO₂CH2CH3 This substance could be produced by the reaction of the following diene and dienophile. diene + dienophile H CO,CH,CH3 སངས་ CH3CH₂O₂C True Falsearrow_forwardTest-tube Beaker Funnel Water plants In this setup, the rate of the reaction can be increased by o decreasing the light intensity O adding sodium bicarbonate only O adding more water to the beaker O increasing the light intensity only O adding sodium bicarbonate and increasing the light intensity Clear my choicearrow_forward
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