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Anatomy

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anatomy test 4- ch. 11 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5emid0 1) Ordinarily, the insertion of a muscle: 1. in a limb is proximal to the origin. 2. does not move when the muscle contracts. 3. is the movable point of attachment of a muscle. 4. attaches a muscle to a bone or skin. 3. is the movable point of attachment of a muscle. 4. attaches a muscle to a bone or skin. The strength of movement produced by a muscle depends upon how close to the joint it is attached. A muscle attached farther away will produce a more powerful movement than one attached nearer the joint. both statements are true The deltoid muscle is named according to: relative shape of the muscle Regarding characteristics used to name muscles, which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched? a) rectus-parallel to midline b) platys-circular c) biceps-two origins d) brevis-short platys-circular Which of the following is/are TRUE? 1. Synergists are muscles that oppose the agonist. 2. Agonists contract while the antagonists relax. 3. The biceps brachii and the triceps brachii are an antagonistic pair. 2. Agonists contract while the antagonists relax. 3. The biceps brachii and the triceps brachii are an antagonistic pair. The diagastric, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid muscles have which of the following in common? insertion on the body of the hyoid bone The _____ muscle extends from the sternum to the thyroid carti- lage and acts to depress the larynx. sternothyroid The following muscles all have attachments to ribs or their costal cartilages. Which of them are NOT used to produce the move- ments of normal breathing? 1. external intercostals 2. internal intercostals 3. external obliques 4. internal obliques 5. diaphragm 3. external obliques 4. internal obliques (obliques r in abdomen that move vertebral column) The central portion of the diaphragm is an aponeurosis that serves as the tendon of insertion for the diaphragm. The tendon is called: central tendon The pectoralis minor muscle may originate from ribs 3 to 5 Which of the following pairs of terms does NOT correctly match muscle with innervation?a) subclavius; subclavian nerve b) rhomboid major; dorsal scapular nerve c) serratus anterior; long thoracic nerve d) trapezius; median pectoral nerve trapezius; median pectoral nerve The greater tubercle of the humerus is the point of insertion of which of the following muscles? infraspinatus Of the muscles that move the forearm, two have points of origin on the scapula. They are the biceps brachii and the: triceps brachii Which muscle originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus AND turns the forearm (pronates) so that the palm faces posteriorly? pronator teres Whereas superficial flexors in the anterior compartment of the forearm originate from the _____ epicondyle of the humerus, the superficial extensors in the posterior compartment of the forearm originate from the _____ epicondyle of the humerus. medial; lateral The extensor digitorum extends the phalanges. The extensor digiti minimi extends the distal phalanges only. the first statement is true; the second is false The erector spinae is a group of muscles of the back, including which three of the following groups? 1 / 4
anatomy test 4- ch. 11 Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5emid0 1. iliocostalis 2. spinalis 3. segmental 4. longissimus 5. scalene 1. iliocostalis 2. spinalis 4. longissimus The psoas major and iliacus muscles have a common insertion on the femur. These two muscles are involved in _____ of the thigh. flexion Which of the following statements regarding the quadriceps femoris is correct? Rectus femoris originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine. The muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh _____ the thigh and _____ the leg. extend; flex Muscles that insert via the calcaneal tendon do NOT include: a) plantaris b) gastrocnemius. c) tibialis posterior d) soleus. tibialis posterior Which two muscles provide a good example of an "antagonistic pair"? fibularis (peroneus) longus and tibialis anterior Which two muscles provide good examples for use of the term "synergists"? biceps femoris and semitendinosis Muscles with either parallel or fusiform arrangements of fasciculi tend to have longer fibers than pennate muscles. TRUE The range of movement at a joint depends upon the point of attachment of the muscle and the length of its fibers. TRUE Paralysis of the muscles of mastication may be an indication of damage to the trigeminal (V) cranial nerve. TRUE The inferior constrictor, middle constrictor, and superior constric- tor are muscles that move the wall of the pharynx, assisting with the movement of food and liquid into the esophagus. TRUE The sternocleidomastoid muscle inserts on the occipital bone. FALSE (mastoid) The rectus sheath and linea alba are formed by the aponeuroses of the external obliques, internal obliques, and transversus abdo- minis muscles. TRUE The ischiocavernosus muscles maintain erection of the penis in the male and the clitoris in the female. TRUE The scalenes originate on the first and second ribs and insert on the third through sixth thoracic vertebrae. FALSE Medial epicondylitis which is often times seen in pianists, violin- ists, golfers and those who use computers is a condition which affects mainly the extensor muscles of the forearm. FALSE Tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior muscles both invert the foot. TRUE Using the terms prime mover, antagonist, synergist, and fixator, describe the various roles muscles may play in a group. Within opposing muscle pairs, one muscle, called the prime mover, contracts to cause an action while the other muscle, the antagonist, stretches and yields to the effects of the prime mover. For example, flexing the forearm at the elbow involves the biceps brachii as the prime mover and the triceps brachii as the antag- onist. Synergists prevent unwanted movements at intermediate joints or otherwise aid the movement of the prime mover. For example, contraction of the wrist extensor muscles stabilizes the wrist joint and prevents unwanted movement, while the flexor muscles of the fingers contract to flex the fingers. Fixators stabilize the origin of the prime mover so the prime mover can act more efficiently. For example, in abduction of the arm, the deltoid muscle serves as the prime mover, and fixators include pectoralis minor, 2 / 4
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